Abstract: The signal recording and reproducing apparatus of this invention includes: a signal detector for detecting a teacher signal and an information signal recorded on a recording medium; a converting section for converting the teacher signal and the information signal detected by the signal detector into a reproduction teacher signal and a reproduction information signal, respectively, based on a predetermined conversion rule; and a teacher signal generator for generating a reference teacher signal, wherein the teacher signal is first detected before the detection of the information signal, and the converting means includes a learning type waveform converting section for automatically establishing the predetermined conversion rule based on the reproduction teacher signal and the reference teacher signal.

Abstract: A recognition apparatus is provided with a plurality of recognition units organized in a multilayered hierarchical structure. Each of the recognition units includes a signal input section, a quantizer for performing a quantization according to a signal inputted from the signal input section, and a path selecting section for performing a selection of paths according to an output from the quantizer. The path selecting section includes a path input section having at least one path input terminal, a path output section having at least one path output terminal, a load distribution selecting section for selecting a load distribution, and a load setting section for changing the strength of connection between the path input terminal and the path output terminal according to the output of the quantizer by the use of the load distribution selected by the load distribution selecting section.

Abstract: A recognizing and judging apparatus for a learning and recognizing processing to be effectively performed in a short period of time, the apparatus including a plurality of recognition units in a multi-layered hierarchical network structure with one or more path output terminals of the recognition units of an upper layer being connected with one or more path input terminals of the recognition units of a lower layer.

Abstract: The invention is a learning type waveform recognizer that has a sequential signal extractor that extracts changes in the values of an input waveform signal at each point on the transition axis, a learning and recognition section that learns the relations between the changes extracted from the input signal and classified waveform signals and recognizes the degree of matching with the classified waveform at each point on the transition axis based on the learned relations, and an integrated recognition section that integrates the recognized results at points in an interval and performs an overall judgment by identifying the waveform of the input waveform signal.

Abstract: A recognizing and judging apparatus includes a plurality of recognition units organized in a multi-layered hierarchical network structure. Some recognition units include a signal input section for receiving a signal to be recognized, a quantizer for performing a quantization according to the signal inputted from the signal input section, and a path selecting section having at least one path input terminal and at least one path output terminal. The path selecting section performs a selection of paths according to an output of the quantizer.

Abstract: A learning and recognition machine has a major classification section for classifying an input pattern into a plurality of category groups and calculating a group belongingness to each category group and a plurality of fine classification sections for calculating a similarity within each category group. The machine causes the plurality of fine classification sections to learn in a coordinated manner by reflecting the group belongingness of the input pattern to update of a weight factor implemented in the fine classification sections, thereby allowing a recognition rate of a pattern situated at the boundary of the category groups to be improved and an effective supplemental learning to be performed.

Abstract: In a multi-layered neural network circuit provided with an input layer having input vectors, an intermediate layer having networks in tree-like structure whose outputs are necessarily determined by the values of the input vectors and whose number corresponds to the number of the input vectors of the input layer, and an output layer having plural output units for integrating all outputs of the intermediate layer, provided are learning-time memories for memorizing the numbers of times at learning in paths between the intermediate layer and the respective output units, threshold processing circuits for threshold-processing the outputs of the leaning-time memories, and connection control circuits to be controlled by the outputs of the threshold processing circuits for controlling connection of paths between the intermediate layer and the output units. The outputs of the intermediate layer connected by the connection control circuits are summed in each output unit.

Abstract: A recognizing and judging apparatus has a network organized in a multilayered hierarchical manner and a plurality of branched tree structures corresponding to the number of inputted data. The branched tree structures are organized by a plurality of recognition units, each of which includes a signal input section and a quantizer for performing a quantization according to a signal inputted from the signal input section. Each of the recognition units further includes a path input section having at least one path input terminal, a path output section having at least one path output terminal, and a path selecting section operatively coupled with both the path input section and the path output section for performing a selection of paths according to an output of the quantizer.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus for performing nonlinear gamma corrections to image signals includes an image signal sampling unit for sampling plural kinds of picture information from the image signals of one picture frame, a nonlinear gamma correction unit for applying a nonlinear correction to the gamma of the image signals by use of nonlinear gamma curves, and a learning type gamma selector unit wherein a nonlinear relation between the picture information of the image signals sampled by the image signal sampling unit and the nonlinear gamma curves for correction is established by learning and then the picture information is judged according to the results of the learning to select a nonlinear gamma curve to be used for correction.

Abstract: A gradation correction apparatus for processing R, G, and B input signals includes a luminance signal conversion device for obtaining the original luminance signal, which is before gamma conversion, from the input signals, a luminance gamma conversion device for gamma converting the original luminance signal to the desired gradation characteristics to obtain a gamma converted luminance signal, a correction coefficient calculation means for obtaining a ratio of the gamma converted luminance signal to the original luminance signal, a first RGB operation means for multiplying the ratio by each of the R, G, and B input signals for obtaining primary gradation-corrected R, G, and B signals; a color difference signal operation means for producing a difference between each of the R, G, and B input signals and the original luminance signal; a second RGB operation means for adding the gamma converted luminance signal to each of the difference for obtaining secondary gradation-corrected R, G, and B signals; and an RGB d

Abstract: A recognizing and judging apparatus includes a plurality of recognition units organized in a multi-layered hierarchical network structure. Some recognition units include a signal input section, a quantizer for performing a quantization according to a signal inputted from the signal input section, and a path selecting section having at least one path input terminal; and at least one path output terminal. The path selecting section performs a selection of paths according to an output of the quantizer.

Abstract: This invention provides an electrically plastic device in which an electron conjugated polymeric semiconductor layer containing a mobile dopant is formed across a pair of electrodes and at least one gate electrode is provided between said pair of electrodes with an insulating layer or a high-resistance layer interposed along said electron conjugated polymeric semiconductor layer, so that the dopant distribution in said electron conjugate polymeric semiconductor layer is controlled through said gate electrode, thereby controlling the electrical conductivity of said electron conjugated polymeric semiconductor layer. The device utilizes the substantially large variation in the electrical conductivity of an electrically conductive polymer depending on its dopant concentration, thus allowing a high-gain neurochip to be constructed.

Abstract: A gradation thermal printhead having a plurality of heat generating elements each having a heat generating body connected between a pair of electrodes, the electric resistance value of the heat generating body being locally increased in one or more portions thereof. Disclosed also is a gradation heat transfer printing apparatus making use of the gradation thermal printhead mentioned above and employing an energy controlling means for varying the voltage or pulse width of the signal pulse voltage applied to the thermal printhead, thereby allowing a control of the area of the printed dot corresponding to one heat generating element, i.e., the density of printing, thus attaining a gradation control of the printed image.

Abstract: A plurality of magnetic styli are arranged in a row for effecting a line recording. A magnetic styli are magnetized by a magnet held in contact with these styli so that a magnetic fluid attaching to the styli is protruded from each stylus to form continuous wave-like protrusions along the row of the styli. The magnetic fluid protruded from the styli is to fly or migrate as a high voltage is applied selectively between the styli and a control electrode which opposes to the styli across the recording paper, due to a Coulomb force acting on the ends of the protrusions. In consequence, a recording is made by the magnetic fluid serving as an ink on the recording paper in accordance with a recording signal. A predetermined head or height differential is preserved between the magnet and an ink tank. The magnet and the ink tank are connected to each other by means of a pipe filled with the magnetic fluid. A slight gap is formed in the connection between the pipe and the magnet.