Abstract: A power generation system includes: a heat source having a temperature being changed over time; a flow passage through which a heat medium heated by the heat source passes; a power generation device including a power generation element and a first electrode, the power generation element being electrically polarized by temperature change thereof depending on temperature change of the heat medium, the first electrode extracting electric power from the power generation element; a temperature detection device being disposed on an upstream side relative to the power generation device in the flow passage and detecting the temperature of the heat medium; a voltage application device that applies voltage to the power generation element; and a control device that activates the voltage application device when the temperature increase of the heat medium has been detected and deactivates the voltage application unit when the temperature decrease of the heat medium has been detected.

Abstract: A power-generating system includes a heat source which is able to produce temporal temperature variation; a first device which is able to produce temporal temperature variation based on the temperature change of the heat source and in which polarization occurs; a second device for taking out a net generating power from the first device; a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the first device; a voltage application device that applies a voltage to the first device; and a control unit for activating the voltage application device on detecting an increase in temperature of the first device and for stopping the voltage application device on detecting a decrease in temperature of the first device by the temperature sensor.

Abstract: A power-generating system includes a heat source which is able to produce temporal temperature variation, a first device in which polarization occurs based on the temperature change of the heat source, and a second device for taking out a net generating power from the first device, wherein 80% or higher of the total surface area of the first device is heated and/or cooled with the heat source.

Abstract: A power generation system includes: a heat source having a temperature being changed over time; a flow passage through which a heat medium heated by the heat source passes; a power generation device including a power generation element and a first electrode, the power generation element being electrically polarized by temperature change thereof depending on temperature change of the heat medium, the first electrode extracting electric power from the power generation element; a temperature detection device being disposed on an upstream side relative to the power generation device in the flow passage and detecting the temperature of the heat medium; a voltage application device that applies voltage to the power generation element; and a control device that activates the voltage application device when the temperature increase of the heat medium has been detected and deactivates the voltage application unit when the temperature decrease of the heat medium has been detected.

Abstract: Provided are a power generation element including a power generation material indicated by the following general formula (1), and a power generation system using the power generation element: (AxB1-x)NbO3 (1), where A and B are mutually different and represent at least one element selected from rare-earth elements, alkaline-earth metals, alkaline metals, Cd, and Bi, and x represents an atomic proportion in a numerical range of 0<x?1. The configuration provides a power generation material that enables sufficient power generation performance even in a high temperature range, a power generation element including the power generation material, and a power generation system using the power generation element.

Abstract: A power-generating system includes a heat source having a temperature that goes up and down over time; a first device that undergoes electric polarization due to a temperature change of the heat source; and a second device that takes out an electric power from the first device.

Abstract: A power-generating system includes a heat source which is able to produce temporal temperature variation; a first device which is able to produce temporal temperature variation based on the temperature change of the heat source and in which polarization occurs; a second device for taking out a net generating power from the first device; a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the first device; a voltage application device that applies a voltage to the first device; and a control unit for activating the voltage application device on detecting an increase in temperature of the first device and for stopping the voltage application device on detecting a decrease in temperature of the first device by the temperature sensor.

Abstract: A power-generating system includes a heat source which is able to produce temporal temperature variation; a first device which is able to produce temporal temperature variation based on the temperature change of the heat source and in which polarization occurs; a second device for taking out a net generating power from the first device; a detection unit that detects the temperature of the first device; an electric field application unit that applies an electric field to the first device; and a control unit for activating the electric field application unit when the temperature detected by the detection unit is the Curie temperature of the first device or higher.

Abstract: A power-generating system includes a heat source which is able to produce temporal temperature variation, a first device in which polarization occurs based on the temperature change of the heat source, and a second device for taking out a net generating power from the first device, wherein 80% or higher of the total surface area of the first device is heated and/or cooled with the heat source.

Abstract: A power-generating system includes a heat source which is able to produce temporal temperature variation; a first device which is able to produce temporal temperature variation so as to include at least partially a temperature range of ?20° C. relative to the Curie temperature to +10° C. relative to the Curie temperature based on the temperature change of the heat source, and in which polarization occurs; and a second device for taking out a net generating power from the first device.

Abstract: A power-generating system includes a heat source having a temperature that goes up and down over time; a first device that undergoes electric polarization due to a temperature change of the heat source; and a second device that takes out an electric power from the first device.

Abstract: There is provided an yttrium oxide-containing material with excellent mechanical characteristics. The yttrium oxide-containing material becomes strong by adding silicon carbide (SiC) and yttrium fluoride (YF3) to yttrium oxide (Y2O3). Accordingly, the yield, handling and reliability can be improved when this strengthened yttrium oxide-containing material is applied to and used for components of semiconductor manufacturing equipment.

Abstract: There is provided an yttrium oxide-containing material with excellent mechanical characteristics. The yttrium oxide-containing material becomes strong by adding silicon carbide (SiC) and yttrium fluoride (YF3) to yttrium oxide (Y2O3), and yield, handling, reliability can be improved accordingly when this strengthened yttrium oxide-containing material is applied to components of semiconductor manufacturing equipment.

Abstract: A catalyst assembly comprising a substrate, nanofilaments which have a nanometer-size diameter and are formed on the substrate, and particles which have a nanometer-size diameter, at least one of the nanofilaments and the particles having a catalytic function, is provided to use a catalyst more efficiently and to provide a catalytic function more efficiently. Interstices between the nanofilaments serve as distribution channels of a reactive gas, and the reactive gas spreads sufficiently not only around the ends of nanofilaments but also inside a catalyst assembly. A combination of nanofilaments and particles enables dispersion of a catalyst at a distance of not more than about 100 nanometers.

Abstract: A catalyst assembly comprising a substrate, nanofilaments which have a nanometer-size diameter and are formed on the substrate, and particles which have a nanometer-size diameter, at least one of the nanofilaments and the particles having a catalytic function, is provided to use a catalyst more efficiently and to provide a catalytic function more efficiently. Interstices between the nanofilaments serve as distribution channels of a reactive gas, and the reactive gas spreads sufficiently not only around the ends of nanofilaments but also inside a catalyst assembly. A combination of nanofilaments and particles enables dispersion of a catalyst at a distance of not more than about 100 nanometers.

Abstract: Catalyst particles having a higher activity and capable of showing activities for a plurality of kinds of material are provided. The catalyst particles of the invention comprise base particles that consist of one kind of single material fine particles or two or more kinds of solid solution fine particles having primary particle diameters of a nanometer order, and a surface coating layer made of one or more kind of noble metal, or an oxide of noble metal, that covers at least a part of the surface of the base particles 1 to a thickness of one to thirty single atom layers.

Abstract: Catalyst particles having a higher activity and capable of showing activities for a plurality of kinds of material are provided.