Abstract: The present invention provides an industrially-advantageous process for preparing a benzoyl formic acid compound, and an efficient process for preparing a pyridazine compound using the same process. Specifically, the present invention provides a process for preparing a compound represented by formula (2), which comprises a step (B): a step of reacting a compound represented by formula (1) with a nitrosyl sulfuric acid in water to produce the compound represented by formula (2).

Abstract: A method for producing (R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane includes the following steps (A), (B), and (C). Step (A) is a step of optically resolving 1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane to obtain (R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane and (S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane, step (B) is a step of racemizing the (S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane obtained in the step (A) or (C) to obtain 1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane, and step (C) is a step of optically resolving the 1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane obtained in the step (B) to obtain (R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane and (S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane.

Abstract: A method for producing (R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane includes the following steps (A), (B), and (C). Step (A) is a step of optically resolving 1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane to obtain (R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane and (S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane, step (B) is a step of racemizing the (S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane obtained in the step (A) or (C) to obtain 1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane, and step (C) is a step of optically resolving the 1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane obtained in the step (B) to obtain (R)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane and (S)-1,1,3-trimethyl-4-aminoindane.

Abstract: A method for producing a purified compound represented by the formula (II), comprising; obtaining a reaction mixture containing a compound represented by the formula (I) from a crude compound represented by the formula (II) such as reacting the crude compound with a ketone compound, and reacting the obtained reaction mixture or a solution by filtering thus obtained reaction mixture containing the compound represented by the formula (I) with water.

Abstract: A method for producing a purified compound represented by the formula (II), comprising; obtaining a reaction mixture containing a compound represented by the formula (I) from a crude compound represented by the formula (II) such as reacting the crude compound with a ketone compound, and reacting the obtained reaction mixture or a solution by filtering thus obtained reaction mixture containing the compound represented by the formula (I) with water.

Abstract: A method for producing a purified amine compound represented by the formula (1), including: step (A) of reacting a crude form of the amine compound represented by the formula (1) with a hydrogen halide in the presence of water and an organic solvent insoluble in water; step (B) of separating a phase in which a hydrogen halide salt of the amine compound represented by the formula (1) produced in step (A) is dissolved from the other phase(es); step (C) of precipitating the hydrogen halide salt of the amine compound represented by the formula (1) from the phase obtained in step (B) in which the hydrogen halide salt of the amine compound represented by the formula (1) is dissolved; and step (D) of isolating the hydrogen halide salt of the amine compound represented by the formula (1) precipitated in step (C), and reacting the salt with a base.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (1): wherein Y1 to Y4 each independently represent any one of the following groups: in which R? represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group; P1 to P4 each independently represents a group of atoms necessary for forming a heterocyclic ring together with each Y1 to Y4 and the two carbon atoms adjacent to Y1 to Y4, respectively; P5 and P6 each independently represents a group of atoms necessary for forming a cyclic skeleton together with the carbon atom to which Z1 bonds or Z2 bonds; P1 and P2, P2 and P6, P6 and P4, P4 and P3, P3 and P5, and P5 and P1 may further combine with each other to form a ring; Q1 and Q2 each independently represents a connecting group or a direct binding; and Z1 and Z2 each independently represent any one of the following groups; —NR?2, —OR?, —SR?, —PR?2 in which R? represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, and when plural R?s are present, these plural R?s may be the same or different from each oth

Abstract: A method for producing a purified amine compound represented by the formula (1), including: step (A) of reacting a crude form of the amine compound represented by the formula (1) with a hydrogen halide in the presence of water and an organic solvent insoluble in water; step (B) of separating a phase in which a hydrogen halide salt of the amine compound represented by the formula (1) produced in step (A) is dissolved from the other phase(es); step (C) of precipitating the hydrogen halide salt of the amine compound represented by the formula (1) from the phase obtained in step (B) in which the hydrogen halide salt of the amine compound represented by the formula (1) is dissolved; and step (D) of isolating the hydrogen halide salt of the amine compound represented by the formula (1) precipitated in step (C), and reacting the salt with a base.

Abstract: Provided is a compound including residues derived from a compound represented by Formula (1) and a divalent aromatic group, wherein the number of the residues is 2 to 4, the number of the divalent aromatic group is 1 to 3, and the sum of the numbers of the residues and the divalent aromatic group is 3 to 5. In Formula (1), each of Y1 to Y4 represent a group represented by any of the following Formula (2); in the following Formula (2), R? represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group; each of P1 to P4 represents an atomic group forming a heterocyclic ring containing Y1 to Y4; P5 and P6 represent an atomic group forming an aromatic ring or a heterocyclic ring; Q1 and Q2 represent a linking group or a direct bond; and Z1 and Z2 represent a hydrogen atom or a group represented by any of the following Formula (3); and in the following Formula (3), R? represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (1): wherein Y1 to Y4 each independently represent any one of the following groups: in which R? represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group; P1 to P4 each independently represents a group of atoms necessary for forming a heterocyclic ring together with each Y1 to Y4 and the two carbon atoms adjacent to Y1 to Y4, respectively; P5 and P6 each independently represents a group of atoms necessary for forming a cyclic skeleton together with the carbon atom to which Z1 bonds or Z2 bonds; P1 and P2, P2 and P6, P6 and P4, P4 and P3, P3 and P5, and P5 and P1 may further combine with each other to form a ring; Q1 and Q2 each independently represents a connecting group or a direct binding; and Z1 and Z2 each independently represent any one of the following groups; —NR?2, —OR?, —SR?, —PR?2 in which R? represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, and when plural R?s are present, these plural R?s may be the same or different from each other.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (1): wherein Y1 to Y4 each independently represent any one of the following groups: in which R? represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group; P1 to P4 each independently represent a group of atoms necessary for forming a heterocyclic ring together with each of Y1 to Y4 and the two carbon atoms adjacent to each of Y1 to Y4, respectively; P5 and P6 each independently represent a group of atoms necessary for forming a cyclic skeleton together with the carbon atom to which Z1 bonds or Z2 bonds and the two carbon atoms adjacent to the carbon atom to which Z1 bonds or Z2 bonds; P1 and P2, P2 and P6, P6 and P4, P4 and P3, P3 and P5, and P5 and P1 may further combine with each other to form a ring; Q1 and Q2 each independently represent a connecting group or a direct binding; and Z1 and Z2 each independently represent any one of the following groups; —NR?2, —OR?, —SR?, —PR?2 in which R? represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group,

Abstract: A modified metal complex obtained by subjecting a metal complex containing an organic compound having one nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycle and four or more structures of a phenol, thiophenol, aniline or nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring or an organic compound having two or more phenol rings and three or more nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycles, in its molecule as a ligand, to a heating, radiation irradiation or discharge treatment until a mass reduction rate after the treatment becomes from 1 to 90 mass %, thereby the complex shows a carbon content after the treatment of 5 mass % or more.

Abstract: Provided is a compound including residues derived from a compound represented by Formula (1) and a divalent aromatic group, wherein the number of the residues is 2 to 4, the number of the divalent aromatic group is 1 to 3, and the sum of the numbers of the residues and the divalent aromatic group is 3 to 5. In Formula (1), each of Y1 to Y4 represent a group represented by any of the following Formula (2); in the following Formula (2), R? represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group; each of P1 to P4 represents an atomic group forming a heterocyclic ring containing Y1 to Y4; P5 and P6 represent an atomic group forming an aromatic ring or a heterocyclic ring; Q1 and Q2 represent a linking group or a direct bond; and Z1 and Z2 represent a hydrogen atom or a group represented by any of the following Formula (3); and in the following Formula (3), R? represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group.

Abstract: A metal complex represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 to R6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent; Y1 and Y2 each independently represent any one of the following groups: wherein R? represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; P1 and P2 each represent a group of atoms necessary for forming a heterocyclic ring together with Y1 or Y2 and the two carbon atoms at a position adjacent to Y1 or Y2; P1 and P2 may be linked to each other to form a ring; M represents a transition metal element or typical metal element; m represents 1 or 2; X represents a counter ion or a neutral molecule; n represents the number of X's in the complex, and an integer of 0 or more; and Q1 and Q2 each independently represent an aromatic heterocyclic group.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein, Y1, Y2, Y3 and Y4 represent a group represented by any of the above formulae; P1, P2, P3 and P4 are an atomic group required for forming an aromatic heterocyclic ring; P5 and P6 are an atomic group required for forming an aromatic ring; Z1 and Z2 represent OR?, —SR? or —NR?2, wherein R? represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; Q1 and Q2 represent a direct bond or a linking group; a P1-containing ring and a P2-containing ring are bonded to form Q1-containing fused structure; a P3-containing ring and a P4-containing ring are bonded to form Q2-containing fused structure; can be used as a ligand of a metal complex, and the metal complex is useful for a catalyst.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (1): wherein Y1 to Y4 each independently represent any one of the following groups: in which R? represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group; P1 to P4 each independently represent a group of atoms necessary for forming a heterocyclic ring together with each of Y1 to Y4 and the two carbon atoms adjacent to each of Y1 to Y4, respectively; P5 and P6 each independently represent a group of atoms necessary for forming a cyclic skeleton together with the carbon atom to which Z1 bonds or Z2 bonds and the two carbon atoms adjacent to the carbon atom to which Z1 bonds or Z2 bonds; P1 and P2, P2 and P6, P6 and P4, P4 and P3, P3 and P5, and P5 and P1 may further combine with each other to form a ring; Q1 and Q2 each independently represent a connecting group or a direct binding; and Z1 and Z2 each independently represent any one of the following groups; —NR?2, —OR?, —SR?, —PR?2 in which R? represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, and whe

Abstract: An electrode catalyst for fuel cell, containing a multinuclear complex, in which the multinuclear complex contains 2 to 4 transition metal atoms coordinated with a ligand having 5 to 15 coordination atoms in its molecule; and an electrode catalyst for fuel cell, comprising a mononuclear metal complex containing, as a ligand, an organic compound containing two or more phenol rings and three or more aromatic heterocycles.

Abstract: A metal complex represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 to R6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent; Y1 and Y2 each independently represent any one of the following groups: wherein R? represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; P1 and P2 each represent a group of atoms necessary for forming a heterocyclic ring together with Y1 or Y2 and the two carbon atoms at a position adjacent to Y1 or Y2; P1 and P2 may be linked to each other to form a ring; M represents a transition metal element or typical metal element; m represents 1 or 2; X represents a counter ion or a neutral molecule; n represents the number of X's in the complex, and an integer of 0 or more; and Q1 and Q2 each independently represent an aromatic heterocyclic group.

Abstract: A modified metal complex obtained by subjecting a metal complex containing an organic compound having one nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycle and four or more structures of a phenol, thiophenol, aniline or nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring or an organic compound having two or more phenol rings and three or more nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycles, in its molecule as a ligand, to a heating, radiation irradiation or discharge treatment until a mass reduction rate after the treatment becomes from 1 to 90 mass %, thereby the complex shows a carbon content after the treatment of 5 mass % or more.

Abstract: Provided is a metal complex represented by the following formula (A-1) or (B-1) as a metal complex useful for a redox reaction catalyst or some other article that is excellent in heat resistance and acid resistance: