Abstract: An antenna device has a substrate having a first surface and a second surface on the opposite side of the first surface, a first-surface-side conductive layer formed on the first surface of the substrate, a second-surface-side conductive layer formed on the second surface of the substrate, and through hole conductors connecting the first-surface-side conductive layer and the second-surface-side conductive layer. The first-surface-side conductive layer and the second-surface-side conductive layer are formed such that the first-surface-side conductive layer and the second-surface-side conductive layer are connected via the through hole conductors in a crank form from the first surface to second surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An antenna device has a substrate having a first surface and a second surface on the opposite side of the first surface, a first-surface-side conductive layer formed on the first surface of the substrate, a second-surface-side conductive layer formed on the second surface of the substrate, and through hole conductors connecting the first-surface-side conductive layer and the second-surface-side conductive layer. The first-surface-side conductive layer and the second-surface-side conductive layer are formed such that the first-surface-side conductive layer and the second-surface-side conductive layer are connected via the through hole conductors in a crank form from the first surface to second surface of the substrate.

Abstract: In a radio apparatus, the band of a loop filter of a synthesizer in a blank channel searching state is narrower than the band in a communicating state. In addition, a radio wave environment is measured. A characteristic necessary for the radio apparatus is determined corresponding to the measured-radio wave environment. The power is controlled corresponding to the performance of the radio apparatus. Thus, the power consumption is decreased. In addition, the efficiency of the output power is improved. In the radio apparatus, the current consumption of a power amplifier PA is measured. A matching circuit (LNA or MIX) of the antenna is adjusted with the measured result so as to decrease an antenna loss. In the radio apparatus, a DC offset is removed from the transmitted power and the reflected wave. When the DC offset is removed using an AC coupling capacitor, the deterioration of the frequency characteristic of the receiving portion is compensated with a capacitor in a digital signal process.

Abstract: For IP-based wireless systems in which base stations are connected by an IP network and communication among base stations is not controlled by the centralized management, a new system and method for realizing soft handoff by using encapsulation in order to distribute and gather a reproduced packet by the serving base station with other base stations and to transfer the serving role between the base stations as the mobile station moves is described.

Abstract: In a radio apparatus, the band of a loop filter of a synthesizer in a blank channel searching state is narrower than the band in a communicating state. In addition, a radio wave environment is measured. A characteristic necessary for the radio apparatus is determined corresponding to the measured-radio wave environment. The power is controlled corresponding to the performance of the radio apparatus. Thus, the power consumption is decreased. In addition, the efficiency of the output power is improved. In the radio apparatus, the current consumption of a power amplifier PA is measured. A matching circuit (LNA or MIX) of the antenna is adjusted with the measured result so as to decrease an antenna loss. In the radio apparatus, a DC offset is removed from the transmitted power and the reflected wave. When the DC offset is removed using an AC coupling capacitor, the deterioration of the frequency characteristic of the receiving portion is compensated with a capacitor in a digital signal process.

Abstract: In a radio apparatus, the band of a loop filter of a synthesizer in a blank channel searching state is narrower than the band in a communicating state. In addition, a radio wave environment is measured. A characteristic necessary for the radio apparatus is determined corresponding to the measured-radio wave environment. The power is controlled corresponding to the performance of the radio apparatus. Thus, the power consumption is decreased. In addition, the efficiency of the output power is improved. In the radio apparatus, the current consumption of a power amplifier PA is measured. A matching circuit (LNA or MIX) of the antenna is adjusted with the measured result so as to decrease an antenna loss. In the radio apparatus, a DC offset is removed from the transmitted power and the reflected wave. When the DC offset is removed using an AC coupling capacitor, the deterioration of the frequency characteristic of the receiving portion is compensated with a capacitor in a digital signal process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system and method for autonomously setting up a base station. The new base station monitors signals from other base stations to determine how it relates to the other base stations. Next, the base station forms and transmits a list of other base stations with suggested handoff rankings to other base stations. Embodiments include source assisted soft handoff including the source base station requesting and forwarding information to mobile stations being handed off to a target base station.

Abstract: A Virtual Soft-Hand-off method for wireless IP-centric CDMA networks whose routers, hosts, and mobile stations have small group multicast (SGM) capability comprises setting up an explicit synchronous multicast session among a small group of participants with dynamic group membership. Packets transmitted over the multicast session are time stamped to help maintain synchronization, and the receivers recover multiple packet flows from the multiple received signals concurrently and combine them to create a single packet flow at higher layers.

Abstract: Method, system, and circuitry for successfully completing soft handoff in an Internet Protocol (IP) based autonomous base station wireless Code Division Multiple Access network, wherein processing is done at the serving base station so that target base stations need only set up the channel for transmitting the copied data needed for soft handoff. Concomitant circuitry comprises packet data multiplexers/assemblers and demultiplexers/de-assemblers for performing cross-layer switching. Data packets are sent by a serving base station to a mobile unit while the mobile is in a soft handoff region. The serving base station also sends copies of the data packets to target base stations, the target base stations in turn relay these data packets to the mobile. The mobile synchronizes the copies of the data packets received and combines the packets to recover the data.

Abstract: In a radio apparatus, the band of a loop filter of a synthesizer in a blank channel searching state is narrower than the band in a communicating state. In addition, a radio wave environment is measured. A characteristic necessary for the radio apparatus is determined corresponding to the measured-radio wave environment. The power is controlled corresponding to the performance of the radio apparatus. Thus, the power consumption is decreased. In addition, the efficiency of the output power is improved. In the radio apparatus, the current consumption of a power amplifier PA is measured. A matching circuit (LNA or MIX) of the antenna is adjusted with the measured result so as to decrease an antenna loss. In the radio apparatus, a DC offset is removed from the transmitted power and the reflected wave. When the DC offset is removed using an AC coupling capacitor, the deterioration of the frequency characteristic of the receiving portion is compensated with a capacitor in a digital signal process.

Abstract: In a radio apparatus, the band of a loop filter of a synthesizer in a blank channel searching state is narrower than the band in a communicating state. In addition, a radio wave environment is measured. A characteristic necessary for the radio apparatus is determined corresponding to the measured radio wave environment. The power is controlled corresponding to the performance of the radio apparatus. Thus, the power consumption is decreased. In addition, the efficiency of the output power is improved. In the radio apparatus, the current consumption of a power amplifier PA is measured. A matching circuit (LNA or MIX) of the antenna is adjusted with the measured result so as to decrease an antenna loss. In the radio apparatus, a DC offset is removed from the transmitted power and the reflected wave. When the DC offset is removed using an AC coupling capacitor, the deterioration of the frequency characteristic of the receiving portion is compensated with a capacitor in a digital signal process.

Abstract: We present a novel method, Virtual Soft Hand-off for wireless IP-centric CDMA networks whose routers, hosts and mobile stations have small group multicast (SGM) capability. The underlying ideas of the virtual soft hand-off method are that it views soft hand-off support as setting up an explicit synchronous multicast session among a small group of participants with dynamic group membership, the packets transmitted over the multicast session are time stamped to help maintain synchronization and the receivers recover multiple the packet flows from the multiple received signals concurrently, and combine them to create a single packet flow at higher layers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system and method for autonomously setting up a base station. The new base station monitors signals from other base stations to determine how it relates to the other base stations. Next, the base station forms and transmits a list of other base stations with suggested handoff rankings to other base stations. Embodiments include source assisted soft handoff including the source base station requesting and forwarding information to mobile stations being handed off to a target base station.

Abstract: A system and method for realizing soft handoff in an IP network is disclosed. Packets from a correspondent host are copied at a serving base station with a first set being transmitted to a mobile station as RLP PDUs and the second set encapsulated with a header directing the second set to a target base station. The encapsulated packets are decapsulated and forwarded to the mobile station as a second set of RLP PDUs. The PDUs are combined in the mobile station and IP-in-IP soft handoff is achieved.

Abstract: In a radio apparatus, the band of a loop filter of a synthesizer in a blank channel searching state is narrower than the band in a communicating state. In addition, a radio wave environment is measured. A characteristic necessary for the radio apparatus is determined corresponding to the measured radio wave environment. The power is controlled corresponding to the performance of the radio apparatus. Thus, the power consumption is decreased. In addition, the efficiency of the output power is improved. In the radio apparatus, the current consumption of a power amplifier PA is measured. A matching circuit (LNA or MIX) of the antenna is adjusted with the measured result so as to decrease an antenna loss. In the radio apparatus, a DC offset is removed from the transmitted power and the reflected wave. When the DC offset is removed using an AC coupling capacitor, the deterioration of the frequency characteristic of the receiving portion is compensated with a capacitor in a digital signal process.

Abstract: In a radio apparatus, the band of a loop filter of a synthesizer in a blank channel searching state is narrower than the band in a communicating state. In addition, a radio wave environment is measured. A characteristic necessary for the radio apparatus is determined corresponding to the measured radio wave environment. The power is controlled corresponding to the performance of the radio apparatus. Thus, the power consumption is decreased. In addition, the efficiency of the output power is improved. In the radio apparatus, the current consumption of a power amplifier PA is measured. A matching circuit (LNA or MIX) of the antenna is adjusted with the measured result so as to decrease an antenna loss. In the radio apparatus, a DC offset is removed from the transmitted power and the reflected wave. When the DC offset is removed using an AC coupling capacitor, the deterioration of the frequency characteristic of the receiving portion is compensated with a capacitor in a digital signal process.

Abstract: The present invention is characterized by an underwater sightseeing craft, wherein a plurality of displacement bodies for sightseeing equipped with underwater sightseeing rooms are provided and paralleled with a fixed distance therebetween, wherein floating cavity bodies are provided outside each of said displacement bodies, wherein whole the said bodies are combined and integrated into one body by means of connecting members so as to be in a symmetrical form, wherein sightseeing windows are formed on each of said displacement bodies for sightseeing at a fixed depth below water, and wherein said floating cavity bodies are located so as not to obstruct a view through the sightseeing windows.

Abstract: A first electrically conductive layer whose thickness is equal to or smaller than the skin depth of the radio wave used for communication, a dielectric layer whose permittivity is changed by application of electric field, and a second electrically conductive layer whose thickness is equal to or smaller than the skin depth of the radio wave used for communication are sequentially stacked near a resonance element which is formed on the front surface of a dielectric substrate having a ground layer formed on the rear surface thereof. The effective permittivity of the dielectric layer is changed in a wide range by changing a voltage applied between the first and second electrically conductive layers to change the electric field applied to the dielectric layer. As a result, the impedance of the resonance element is changed, and when a plurality of resonance elements are arranged closely to each other to construct a filter, the coupling degree between the resonance elements is changed.

Abstract: A portable radio communication device capable of eliminating the deterioration of the radiation efficiency due to the occurrence of the dual resonance on the antenna, without reducing the bandwidth. A radio communication device, comprises: a device body made of a conductor body, containing at least one of a radio transmitter and a radio receiver; and an antenna, mounted on the device body, formed by first and second strip-like conductor elements which are connected together at a feeding point connected with said at least one of the radio transmitter and the radio receiver, the first and second strip-like conductor elements having an identical electrical length with each other.

Abstract: A portable radio and telephone equipment for transmitting and receiving an electric wave. The portable radio and telephone equipment includes: an antenna for transmitting and receiving an electromagnetic wave; a housing connected to the antenna, having a notch therein; and an internal circuit, connected to the antenna by way of the housing, for generating and receiving the electromagnetic wave. The portable radio and telephone equipment includes: an antenna for transmitting and receiving an electromagnetic wave; an upper portion of a housing connected to the antenna; and a lower portion of a housing connected to the upper portion of the housing via a conductor wire, so that the housing is divided into two portions in order to vary distribution pattern of the electromagnetic wave.