Abstract: Disclosed are a filter fastening unit assembly and a filter fastening unit. The filter fastening unit assembly includes a filter, and a filter fastening unit, to which the filter is coupled, the filter fastening unit includes a base having a base opening opened toward a first direction that is one direction that is perpendicular to an upward/downward direction, a housing disposed in the base opening, connected to the base to be movable upwards and downwards, and having a housing opening opened toward the first direction, a filter coupling part coupled to an upper side of the base, and including an introduction passage, though which water is introduced, and a discharge passage, through which the water is discharged, and a lever connected to the base to be rotatable, and connected to the housing to be rotatable.

Abstract: A method for providing information on a user's concept understanding is provided. The method includes acquiring a set of data on a user's understanding of concepts including a first concept estimated using a concept-specific understanding estimation model that is trained on the basis of concept-specific correctness/incorrectness sequence data, estimating the user's understanding of a second concept not encountered by the user using a matrix factorization algorithm on the concept-specific correctness/incorrectness sequence data represented in a matrix structure with respect to the first concept and the second concept, and visualizing the user's understanding of the first concept included in the acquired data set and the second concept on a device of the user. The concept-specific understanding estimation model is trained such that the concept understanding is estimated by assigning a greater weight to a piece of the concept-specific correctness/incorrectness sequence data generated at a later time point.

Abstract: A method for providing a correctness/incorrectness prediction for a learning question is provided. The method includes the steps of: acquiring a set of data including a user variable determined on the basis of concept-specific correctness/incorrectness sequence data of at least one user, and at least one variable related to a question and a concept associated with the user variable; and calculating a probability that a first user corresponding to a specific user variable correctly answers a first question corresponding to a specific concept, with reference to the data set.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a sensor network, machine type communication (MTC), machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, and technology for internet of things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the above technologies, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The present disclosure includes a method for controlling a connection interval (CI) by a device in a wireless communication system supporting a Bluetooth scheme. The method includes detecting channel status and controlling a CI for a connection that is established between the device and other device based on the channel status, wherein the CI denotes an interval during which data packet transmission and data packet reception between the device and the other device are possible.