Abstract: A battery housing is configured to encase multiple battery cells comprises a supercapacitor shell. The supercapacitor shell comprises two layers each of carbon fiber reinforced with plastic; an electrode between the two layers, the electrode comprising negative electrode material, positive electrode material, and an electrolyte; a positive electrode terminal connected to the carbon fiber of one of the two layers; and a negative electrode terminal connected to the carbon fiber of another of the two layers. Edges of the two layers are laminated together to contain the electrode with the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal extending external to the laminated edges.

Abstract: A battery housing is configured to encase multiple battery cells comprises a supercapacitor shell. The supercapacitor shell comprises two layers each of carbon fiber reinforced with plastic; an electrode between the two layers, the electrode comprising negative electrode material, positive electrode material, and an electrolyte; a positive electrode terminal connected to the carbon fiber of one of the two layers; and a negative electrode terminal connected to the carbon fiber of another of the two layers. Edges of the two layers are laminated together to contain the electrode with the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal extending external to the laminated edges.

Abstract: A vehicle is disclosed that includes a hood defining at least one opening, and a vent that is positioned within the at least one opening. The vent is reconfigurable between a closed configuration, in which the vent substantially (if not entirely) prevents air flow through the at least one opening in the hood, and at least one open configuration, in which the vent allows air flow through the at least one opening in the hood. The vent includes an integrated shape memory material such that, upon actuation, the shape memory material deforms to thereby reconfigure the vent.

Abstract: A vehicle is disclosed that includes a hood defining at least one opening, and a vent that is positioned within the at least one opening. The vent is reconfigurable between a closed configuration, in which the vent substantially (if not entirely) prevents air flow through the at least one opening in the hood, and at least one open configuration, in which the vent allows air flow through the at least one opening in the hood. The vent includes an integrated shape memory material such that, upon actuation, the shape memory material deforms to thereby reconfigure the vent.

Abstract: A composite material is formed by irradiating a bonding position on a surface of the composite material with a laser to cause a reinforcing base member of the composite material, that is impregnated with a resin and onto which a bonding agent is applied, to be exposed and fluffed.

Abstract: A composite material is formed by irradiating a bonding position on a surface of the composite material with a laser to cause a reinforcing base member of the composite material, that is impregnated with a resin and onto which a bonding agent is applied, to be exposed and fluffed.

Abstract: A fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine has an injector that injects fuel into an intake system or a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, and a pressurizing device that pressurizes the fuel to a predetermined pressure. Further, the system has a first heating device that heats the fuel on an upstream side of the injector, and a second heating device that further heats the fuel heated by the first heating device. The second heating device is provided in the injector. Furthermore, the system has a control device that controls the second heating device to heat up the fuel heated by the first heating device to a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A fuel injector configured and arranged to inject fuel into a combustion chamber comprises a casing member, a fuel discharge valve and a micro nozzle. The casing member includes a hydraulic chamber configured to contain pressurized fuel and a flow rate regulating hole arranged to discharge the fuel from inside the hydraulic chamber. The fuel discharge valve is configured and arranged to open and close the flow rate regulating hole. The micro nozzle is disposed in a downstream part with respect to the fuel discharge valve, and has at least one through hole arranged to inject the fuel discharged from the flow rate regulating hole into the combustion chamber. The micro nozzle further includes a heating structure configured and arranged to selectively emit heat to raise temperature of the fuel that passes through the at least one through hole of the micro nozzle upon activation of the heating structure.

Abstract: A fuel injector configured and arranged to inject fuel into a combustion chamber comprises a casing member, a fuel discharge valve and a micro nozzle. The casing member includes a hydraulic chamber configured to contain pressurized fuel and a flow rate regulating hole arranged to discharge the fuel from inside the hydraulic chamber. The fuel discharge valve is configured and arranged to open and close the flow rate regulating hole. The micro nozzle is disposed in a downstream part with respect to the fuel discharge valve, and has at least one through hole arranged to inject the fuel discharged from the flow rate regulating hole into the combustion chamber. The micro nozzle further includes a heating structure configured and arranged to selectively emit heat to raise temperature of the fuel that passes through the at least one through hole of the micro nozzle upon activation of the heating structure.

Abstract: Source files are added in advance with data specification information necessary for conversion of the source files into a calibrating file, the source files are converted into a calibrating file, and calibration is performed based on the post-converted calibrating file.

Abstract: Source files are added in advance with data specification information necessary for conversion of the source files into a calibrating file, the source files are converted into a calibrating file, and calibration is performed based on the post-converted calibrating file.

Abstract: A control system for automatic transmission is provided in a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine and an automatic transmission associated with the engine. The engine is operable on a fuel which is a mixture of gasoline and alcohol. The control system comprises an alcohol sensor for sensing the alcohol concentration in the fuel; a first device for deriving an engine load parameter which represents the load applied to the engine; a second device for correcting the engine load parameter with reference to the alcohol concentration sensed by the alcohol sensor; and a third device for controlling a line pressure of the transmission in accordance with the corrected engine load parameter.