Abstract: Compositions and methods for promoting generation or regeneration of the lymphatic system in a subject are provided. Compositions and methods for the treatment of lymphedema are also provided. The composition can include extracellular vesicles and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and is typically cell-free. In some embodiments, the extracellular vesicles are formed by a method including culturing MSCs to produce media conditioned with the extracellular vesicles, and optionally, but preferably separating the extracellular vesicles from the media conditioned by the MSCs. In some embodiments, the extracellular vesicles include or consist of exosomes, microvesicles or a combination thereof, and they may have a size of between about 20 nm and about 500 nm. In some embodiments, extracellular vesicles include CD9, CD63, or a combination thereof and/or one or more of miR-199a-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-143-3p, miR-377-3p, miR-100-3p, miR-29a-3p, miR-495-3p, miR-29c-3p, miR-658, miR-493-3p, miR-184, and miR-27a-3p.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method of exosome analysis that can analyze exosome in a sample in a simple manner. The method of exosome analysis of the present invention is a method of analyzing exosome in a sample, including: an addition step of adding a first antibody that specifically binds to a first antigen contained in the exosome and a second antibody that specifically binds to a second antigen contained in the exosome to the sample; a reaction step of causing the first antigen to be reacted with the first antibody and the second antigen to be reacted with the second antibody; and a detection step of detecting a reaction between the first antigen and the first antibody and a reaction between the second antigen and the second antibody.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microRNA expression promoting agent, containing pterostilbene, wherein the microRNA is at least one selected from the group consisting of miR-34a, miR-16, miR-126, miR-193b, and let-7a.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an object of the present invention is to provide a therapeutic and/or preventive agent for a fibrosis such as pulmonary fibrosis, an inflammatory disease and/or an aging disease. In an embodiment, the present invention relates to a therapeutic and/or preventive agent for at least one disease of a fibrosis, an inflammatory disease and an aging disease, comprising extracellular vesicle derived from cell of a tissue or a surrounding tissue thereof where disease can occur, in which the cell is differentiated cell, and relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing the therapeutic and/or preventive agent.

Abstract: This invention provides a kit and device for detection of uterine leiomyosarcoma, and a method for detecting uterine leiomyosarcoma. This invention provides a kit and device for detection of uterine leiomyosarcoma containing a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to a miRNA in a sample from a subject or a complementary strand thereof and a method for detecting uterine leiomyosarcoma including measuring the miRNA in vitro.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions useful in the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of osteosarcoma. Antisense to certain microRNA (miRNA) found to be associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs) or tumor-initiating cells (TICs) of osteosarcoma are useful to suppress tumor growth and metastasis, and prolong survival. Antisense oligonucleotides to miR-133a are synergistic in combination with standard chemotherapy such as cisplatin in the treatment of osteosarcoma.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method starting from cells derived from a mammalian endodermal tissue or organ (except for the liver) to produce stein/progenitor cells thereof, which comprises bringing the cells derived from the endodermal tissue or organ into contact in vitro with a TGF?-receptor inhibitor.

Abstract: This invention provides a kit or device for detection of prostate cancer and a method for detecting prostate cancer. This invention provides a kit or device for detection of prostate cancer comprising a nucleic acid capable of specifically binding to an miRNA in a sample from a subject or a complementary strand thereof and a method for detecting prostate cancer comprising measuring the miRNA in vitro.

Abstract: This application provides a kit or a device for detection of ovarian tumor, comprising a nucleic acid(s) for detecting a miRNA(s) in a sample from a subject, and a method for detecting ovarian tumor, comprising measuring the miRNA(s) in vitro.

Abstract: This application provides a kit or a device for detection of ovarian tumor, comprising a nucleic acid(s) for detecting a miRNA(s) in a sample from a subject, and a method for detecting ovarian tumor, comprising measuring the miRNA(s) in vitro.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing hepatic stem/progenitor cells from mammal hepatocytes, comprising bringing a TGF?-receptor inhibitor, and optionally a GSK3 inhibitor and/or a ROCK inhibitor into contact with the hepatocytes in vitro.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of assisting the detection of breast cancer, assisting in highly accurate detection of breast cancer. In the method of assisting the detection of breast cancer, the abundance of at least one of miRNAs, isomiRs, precursor miRNAs, or transfer RNA fragments contained in a test sample isolated from a living body and having a specific nucleotide sequence is used as an index. A higher abundance of at least one of the miRNAs or the like whose nucleotide sequence is represented by any one of, for example, SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 19, 27, 28, and 34 to 51 than that of healthy subjects or a lower abundance of at least one of the miRNAs or the like whose nucleotide sequence is represented by any one of, for example, SEQ ID NOs: 20 to 26, 29 to 33, and 52 to 54 than that of healthy subjects indicates a higher likelihood of having breast cancer.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an agent for improving skin looseness or aging caused by dermal cavitation. By attracting fat stem cells into cavities in the dermis, dermal fibroblasts around the cavities can be activated and thus dermal cavitation can be ameliorated. As the results of a screening for fat stem cell attractants, it was found that rosemary extract and licorice extract are capable of attracting fat stem cells and, therefore, can improve skin looseness or aging caused by dermal cavitation.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions useful in the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of osteosarcoma. Antisense to certain microRNA (miRNA) found to be associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs) or tumor-initiating cells (TICs) of osteosarcoma are useful to suppress tumor growth and metastasis, and prolong survival. Antisense oligonucleotides to miR-133a are synergistic in combination with standard chemotherapy such as cisplatin in the treatment of osteosarcoma.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions useful in the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of osteosarcoma. Antisense to certain microRNA (miRNA) found to be associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs) or tumor-initiating cells (TICs) of osteosarcoma are useful to suppress tumor growth and metastasis, and prolong survival. Antisense oligonucleotides to miR-133a are synergistic in combination with standard chemotherapy such as cisplatin in the treatment of osteosarcoma.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions useful in the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of osteosarcoma. Antisense to certain microRNA (miRNA) found to be associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs) or tumor-initiating cells (TICs) of osteosarcoma are useful to suppress tumor growth and metastasis, and prolong survival. Antisense oligonucleotides to miR-133a are synergistic in combination with standard chemotherapy such as cisplatin in the treatment of osteosarcoma.

Abstract: Provided are methods and compositions useful in the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of osteosarcoma. Antisense to certain microRNA (miRNA) found to be associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs) or tumor-initiating cells (TICs) of osteosarcoma are useful to suppress tumor growth and metastasis, and prolong survival. Antisense oligonucleotides to miR-133a are synergistic in combination with standard chemotherapy such as cisplatin in the treatment of osteosarcoma.

Abstract: Methods for the treatment of cancer that include the step of administering a viral vector carrying a nerve deleting, nerve ablating or nerve inhibiting payload, the administration leading to the deletion, ablation or inhibition of tumor-specific sympathetic nerves.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a kit or a device for the detection of breast cancer and a method for detecting breast cancer. The present invention provides a kit or a device for the detection of breast cancer, comprising nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to a miRNA in a sample of a subject, and a method for detecting breast cancer, comprising measuring the miRNA in vitro.

Abstract: A method for suppressing brain metastasis includes administering an miR-181c expression inhibitor, an miR-181c activity inhibitor, or an exosome secretion inhibitor as an active ingredient.