Abstract: A variable displacement vane pump includes a rotor, a cam ring; and a pump casing including first and second side walls disposed on both sides of the cam ring, and a circumferential wall surrounding the cam ring and defining first and second pressure chambers. A pressure introduction groove is formed in a sliding contact surface between the cam ring and one of the first and second side walls, and arranged so that a pressure lower than an outlet pressure is introduced.

Abstract: A variable displacement vane pump includes a rotor, a cam ring; and a pump casing including first and second side walls disposed on both sides of the cam ring, and a circumferential wall surrounding the cam ring and defining first and second pressure chambers. A pressure introduction groove is formed in a sliding contact surface between the cam ring and one of the first and second side walls, and arranged so that a pressure lower than an outlet pressure is introduced.

Abstract: A capacitor apparatus according to the present invention is configured to charge electric charge in capacitors C1 and C2 and discharge electric charge from the capacitors C1 and C2 at normal operation time. The capacitor apparatus includes an internal resistance detection means 2 for detecting the internal resistance value of the capacitors C1 and C2 and an inter-capacitor charging/discharging control means 1 for controlling charging/discharging operation between the capacitors C1 and C2. When the internal resistance detection means 2 detects a resistance value more than a predetermined value, the inter-capacitor charging/discharging control means 1 performs charging/discharging control between the capacitors C1 and C2 to cause the capacitors C1 and C2 to self-heat.

Abstract: A hydraulic drive unit is disclosed which can prevent the occurrence of cavitation at the time of turning OFF of a hydraulic motor without greatly modifying the circuit configuration and the entire system and which, as a result, can improve the deceleration feeling of the hydraulic motor and prevent the occurrence of a low noise.

Abstract: A hydraulic drive unit is disclosed which can prevent the occurrence of cavitation at the time of turning OFF of a hydraulic motor without greatly modifying the circuit configuration and the entire system and which, as a result, can improve the deceleration feeling of the hydraulic motor and prevent the occurrence of a low noise.

Abstract: A base member is laid in a space portion, which is defined by an instrument panel, in a vehicle width direction over generally an entire width of the vehicle, and a plurality of ducts is integrally formed with the base member. Furthermore, a meter placing portion on which a meter is placed and an air bag placing portion on which an air bag is placed are formed on the base member, and a harness placing portion on which a flat harness is placed is also formed on the base member in the vehicle width direction. Accordingly, the base member with which the plurality of ducts are integrally formed is a separate body from the instrument panel. Even in the case where the size of the instrument panel is changed, the base member is not required to correspond to the instrument panel and, therefore, the ducts can be commonly used. Moreover, since the base member is formed with ducts each having a closed structure in section, it has a predetermined physical strength.

Abstract: A base member is laid in a space portion, which is defined by an instrument panel, in a vehicle width direction over a generally entire width of the vehicle, and a plurality of ducts is integrally formed with the base member. Furthermore, a meter placing portion, on which a meter is placed, and an air bag placing portion, on which an air bas is placed, are formed on the base member, and a harness placing portion 26, on which a flat harness is placed, is also formed on the base member in the vehicle width direction. Accordingly, the base member with which the plurality of ducts is integrally formed is a separate body from the instrument panel. Even in the case where the size of the instrument panel is changed, the base member is not required to correspond to the instrument panel and, therefore, the ducts can be commonly used. Moreover, since the base member is formed with ducts each having a closed structure, in section, it has a predetermined physical strength.

Abstract: A train platform observation method in which the platform is continuously observed by a television camera and the output of the camera is displayed on a television monitor. First scene data outputted by the camera is compared with later-outputted second scene data, and variations therebetween are detected. When the level of the detected variations exceed a predetermined level, an indication is given to the operator that a dangerous condition exists and a signal is produced which prevents the train from departing the platform. An indication may also be produced on the monitor to indicate to the operator where the dangerous condition is present.