Abstract: A substrate for a composite membrane includes a microporous polyolefin membrane for carrying a hydrophilic resin compound within the pores of the microporous membrane wherein: the average pore diameter is 1 nm to 50 nm; the porosity is 50% to 78%; the membrane thickness is 1 ?m to 12 ?m; and, when a mixed solution of ethanol and water (volume ratio 1/2) is dripped onto a surface of the microporous polyolefin membrane which has not undergone hydrophilization treatment, the contact angle ?1 between the droplet and the surface is 0 to 90 degrees 1 second after the dripping, and the contact angle ?2 between the droplet and the surface is 0 to 70 degrees 10 minutes after the dripping, and the rate of change of the contact angle ((?1??2)/?1×100) is 10 to 50%.

Abstract: To provide: a polymer having excellent mechanical strength and tensile strength; a simple method for producing the polymer; a separation membrane and an electrolyte membrane produced by using the polymer and having excellent chemical durability and mechanical strength; a fuel cell, water electrolysis, and an electrolysis technique in which the electrolyte membrane is used. The polymer has a repeating unit represented by the following Formula (1) and a repeating unit represented by the following Formula (2). In Formulas (1) and (2), Ar1 is a group containing an aromatic ring. Ar2 is each independently a group having a structure represented by the above Formula (3) at both ends. L1 is an organic group in which an angle formed between two bonding hands that L1 is 45 to 90 degrees.

Abstract: A passive thermal management system is provided for a fuel cell stack, along with methods for maintaining a uniform temperature across a fuel cell stack during cold weather conditions. The system includes a plurality of fuel cells arranged as a fuel cell stack. The fuel cell stack includes a main body portion defining an exterior surface and having first and second opposing end walls. The system includes a first end frame component having a first phase change material in thermal communication with the first end wall. A second end frame component is provided having a second phase change material in thermal communication with the second end wall. An insulation layer is wrapped around the exterior surface of the main body portion and is provided in thermal communication with the plurality of fuel cells.

Abstract: A substrate for a composite membrane includes a microporous polyolefin membrane for carrying a hydrophilic resin compound within the pores of the microporous membrane wherein: the average pore diameter is 1 nm to 50 nm; the porosity is 50% to 78%; the membrane thickness is 1 ?m to 12 ?m; and, when a mixed solution of ethanol and water (volume ratio 1/2) is dripped onto a surface of the microporous polyolefin membrane which has not undergone hydrophilization treatment, the contact angle ?1 between the droplet and the surface is 0 to 90 degrees 1 second after the dripping, and the contact angle ?2 between the droplet and the surface is 0 to 70 degrees 10 minutes after the dripping, and the rate of change of the contact angle ((?1??2)/?1×100) is 10 to 50%.

Abstract: To provide an electrolyte membrane that exhibits high proton conductivity even at low humidity, the electrolyte membrane includes a composite membrane including: a microporous polyolefin membrane that has an average pore diameter of 1 to 1000 nm and a porosity of 50 to 90% and that can be impregnated with a solvent having a surface free energy of 28 mJ/m2 or more, and an electrolyte containing a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer having an EW of 250 to 850 loaded into the pores of the microporous polyolefin membrane, wherein the membrane thickness of the composite membrane is 1 to 20 ?m.

Abstract: A substrate for a composite membrane includes a microporous polyolefin membrane for carrying a hydrophilic resin compound within the pores of the microporous membrane wherein: the average pore diameter is 1 nm to 50 nm; the porosity is 50% to 78%; the membrane thickness is 1 ?m to 12 ?m; and, when a mixed solution of ethanol and water (volume ratio ½) is dripped onto a surface of the microporous polyolefin membrane which has not undergone hydrophilization treatment, the contact angle ?1 between the droplet and the surface is 0 to 90 degrees 1 second after the dripping, and the contact angle ?2 between the droplet and the surface is 0 to 70 degrees 10 minutes after the dripping, and the rate of change of the contact angle ((?1??2)/?1×100) is 10 to 50%.

Abstract: A passive thermal management system is provided for a fuel cell stack, along with methods for maintaining a uniform temperature across a fuel cell stack during cold weather conditions. The system includes a plurality of fuel cells arranged as a fuel cell stack. The fuel cell stack includes a main body portion defining an exterior surface and having first and second opposing end walls. The system includes a first end frame component having a first phase change material in thermal communication with the first end wall. A second end frame component is provided having a second phase change material in thermal communication with the second end wall. An insulation layer is wrapped around the exterior surface of the main body portion and is provided in thermal communication with the plurality of fuel cells.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid material for forming a three-dimensional object used for forming a three-dimensional object made of a powder material for forming a three-dimensional object containing an organic material and a base material, wherein the liquid material contains a cross-linking agent cross-linkable with the organic material and a water-soluble resin having a weight average molecular weight of greater than or equal to 50,000.

Abstract: It is an object of the disclosure to provide a novel air secondary battery, air secondary battery system, and vehicle with the mounted air secondary battery system. The air secondary battery of the disclosure comprises, as the negative electrode active material, an oxide that is capable of topotactic insertion and dissociation of oxygen atoms. The air secondary battery system of the disclosure has an air secondary battery and a heat source that supplies heat to the air secondary battery. The vehicle of the disclosure has the air secondary battery system described above mounted in it and uses the electric power provided by the air secondary battery as at least part of its drive power.

Abstract: An EGR cooler in the disclosure includes: a gas path configured to allow an EGR gas to flow; a refrigerant path configured to perform heat exchange between the EGR gas circulating along the gas path and a refrigerant; an exothermic body containing portion configured such that an exothermic body to generate heat by adsorbing a predetermined working gas is contained within the EGR cooler and at least a part of the exothermic body contacts with a wall surface of the gas path; a working gas tank in which the working gas is stored; and a gas moving apparatus configured to move the working gas stored in the working gas tank, from the working gas tank to the exothermic body containing portion.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to find a cationic electrodeposition coating composition excellent in throwing power, anti-GA gas pinhole properties, and anti-corrosion properties, and to provide a coated article excellent in these coating film properties. The present invention provides a cationic electrodeposition coating composition containing an amino-containing epoxy resin (A), a blocked polyisocyanate curing agent (B), and a pigment (C), the amino-containing epoxy resin (A) being obtained by reacting an epoxy resin (A1), a polyphenol compound (A2), a dimer acid diglycidyl ester (A3), and an amine compound (A4).

Abstract: A stereoscopic modeling apparatus including a modeling part, a modeling unit, and a controller is provided. The modeling part forms a powder layer with a powder. The modeling unit discharges droplets of a modeling liquid on the powder layer to form a modeling layer in which particles of the powder are bonded. The controller causes the modeling part and the modeling unit to repeat forming the powder layer and the modeling layer, respectively, to sequentially laminate the modeling layer to form a stereoscopic modeled product. The droplets include a preceding droplet and a succeeding droplet sequentially discharged to adjacent positions on the powder layer, and the succeeding droplet is discharged after the preceding droplet is discharged and within a time period in which a contact angle between the preceding droplet impacted on the powder layer and the powder in the powder layer remains greater than 90 degrees.

Abstract: A stereoscopic modeling apparatus is provided. The stereoscopic modeling apparatus includes a modeling tank, a liquid discharger, and a powder supplier. In the modeling tank, a powder layer including a powder is formed and a modeling layer in which the powder in the powder layer is bonded into a required shape is laminated. The liquid discharger discharges a modeling liquid to the powder in the modeling tank. The powder supplier supplies the powder to the modeling tank. The powder supplier supplies the powder to the powder layer while at least a part of the modeling liquid discharged from the liquid discharger and adhered to a surface of the powder layer remains existing on an outermost surface of the powder layer.

Abstract: To provide an electrolyte membrane that exhibits high proton conductivity even at low humidity, the electrolyte membrane includes a composite membrane including: a microporous polyolefin membrane that has an average pore diameter of 1 to 1000 nm and a porosity of 50 to 90% and that can be impregnated with a solvent having a surface free energy of 28 mJ/m2 or more, and an electrolyte containing a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer having an EW of 250 to 850 loaded into the pores of the microporous polyolefin membrane, wherein the membrane thickness of the composite membrane is 1 to 20 ?m.

Abstract: A passive thermal switch device, for regulating a temperature of a thermal component configured to generate heat, includes a first plate and a second plate. The first plate is provided on the thermal component. The first plate includes a thermal switch material that switches from an antiferromagnetic state to a ferromagnetic state upon exceeding a state transition temperature. The second plate includes a permanent magnet. The second plate is moveable between a thermal insulator position and a thermal conductor position based on a temperature of the thermal switch material. In the thermal insulator position, the second plate is spaced apart from the first plate. In the thermal conductor position, the second plate is in contact with the first plate.

Abstract: An EGR cooler in the disclosure includes: a gas path configured to allow an EGR gas to flow; a refrigerant path configured to perform heat exchange between the EGR gas circulating along the gas path and a refrigerant; an exothermic body containing portion configured such that an exothermic body to generate heat by adsorbing a predetermined working gas is contained within the EGR cooler and at least a part of the exothermic body contacts with a wall surface of the gas path; a working gas tank in which the working gas is stored; and a gas moving apparatus configured to move the working gas stored in the working gas tank, from the working gas tank to the exothermic body containing portion.

Abstract: A material set for manufacturing a glass object includes a powder material including glass and a first water soluble resin; and a liquid material including water and a second water soluble resin having a mass average molecular weight of less than 50,000.

Abstract: Provided is a three-dimensional object formation powder material used for three-dimensional object formation of forming a three-dimensional object by stacking up a plurality of powder material layers each bound by a resin and having a predetermined shape. The three-dimensional object formation powder material contains particles in which a plurality of cores are fixed by a water-soluble resin.

Abstract: A passive thermal switch device, for regulating a temperature of a thermal component configured to generate heat, includes a first plate and a second plate. The first plate is provided on the thermal component. The first plate includes a thermal switch material that switches from an antiferromagnetic state to a ferromagnetic state upon exceeding a state transition temperature. The second plate includes a permanent magnet. The second plate is moveable between a thermal insulator position and a thermal conductor position based on a temperature of the thermal switch material. In the thermal insulator position, the second plate is spaced apart from the first plate. In the thermal conductor position, the second plate is in contact with the first plate.