Abstract: A method and apparatus (102) for network element (101) configuration management is disclosed. The apparatus (102) is configured to perform (301) a configuration object change operation within a single transaction. The apparatus (102) is configured to verify (301) that a target object is a high-level configuration object, and delete (301) the target object, wherein each high-level object removed by a garbage collection algorithm is recorded. The target object is recreated (301), wherein properties of the target object are changed. The high-level objects removed in the deletion step are also re-created (301), wherein, if needed, properties of the high-level objects are adjusted.

Abstract: A method of confirming the user rights of a file to be loaded into a terminal, wherein a user of the terminal is requested to acknowledge a licence of the file. A single payment limit value is stored in the terminal for effecting a licence charge. After acknowledgement of the licence of the file, the price and identifier of the file, and the identifiers of the different parties to the distribution path are stored file-specifically. The prices of all loaded files are summed up and if the summed-up price exceeds the single payment limit value, a message authorizing a charge amounting to the single payment is transmitted to a third party responsible for the charge, the message comprising information on the identifiers of the files charged in the single payment, the identifiers of the different parties to the distribution path, and the portion of each file in the single payment.

Abstract: A device for electronically identifying coins, or the like, is described in which coins fed along a feed path are illuminated by light passed from a light source essentially perpendicularly to the feed path. A photosensitive sensor receives the light which passes the coin and converts it to an electric signal representative of the coin diameter. The device utilizes a column-like light source and a lens assembly intermediate the coin and the sensor whereby the size requirements of the sensor are reduced.