Abstract: A 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative having the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X is oxygen atom or nitrogen atom; when X is oxygen atom, R.sup.1 is hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a lower cycloalkyl group, a lower alkenyl group or magnesium atom, when X is nitrogen atom, X-R.sup.1 group is NH.sub.2, NHR.sup.1', NR.sup.1' R.sup.1" or ##STR2## in which R.sup.1' is a lower alkyl group or a lower alkoxyalkyl group, R.sup.1" is a lower alkyl group and n is an integer of 2 to 6; R.sup.2 is a lower alkyl group, a lower cycloalkyl group or a lower alkoxyalkyl group and R.sup.3 is a lower alkyl group, formyl group, dimethoxymethyl group, cyano group or amino group, when X is oxygen atom and R.sup.1 is hydrogen atom or magnesium atom, R.sup.3 is methyl group, when X is nitrogen atom, R.sup.3 is methyl group, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, some processes for preparing the same and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same.

Abstract: Use of N,N-dimethyl-1-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclobutyl]-3-methylbutylamine or a pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salt thereof for manufacture of a cerebral function improver for the treatment of cerebral function disorders, which is useful as an improver for cerebral function disorders such as amnestic syndrome, senile dementia and Parkinson's disease, since it can intensively activate the central nervous system, especially dopamine neuron, and also increase the spontaneous movement in human or animal.