Abstract: The invention relates to a method or an arrangement for the clock synchronization of a plurality of distributed modules of an information or communication system, said modules being coupled via a packet-switched network. At least two of said modules are controlled by a local clock generator of the modules using an adjustable frequency, and a clock signal is transmitted via the network in the form of clock signal packets in a synchronous minter with respect to the local clock of the modules.

Abstract: Copolymers are described, containing a) 20.0-99.9% by weight of one or more structural units resulting from polymerizable substances of the following structural formula (I) in which R2 is a linear or branched saturated alkyl radical having 6 to 200 carbon atoms or a linear or branched, mono- or polyunsaturated alkenyl radical having 6 to 200 carbon atoms, and R1, Y, n and m are each as defined in claims 1, b) 0.1-20.0% by weight of one or more structural units resulting from polymerizable quaternary ammonium compounds, and c) 0-60.0% by weight of one or more nonionic structural units resulting from one or more further polymerizable substances. The copolymers are advantageously suitable, for example, for the production of cosmetic, dermatological or pharmaceutical formulations.

Abstract: An alkaline liquid laundry detergent composition comprising at least 1 wt % triethanolamine, at least 5 wt % non-soap surfactant and at least 0.5 wt % of a polyester according to the following formula (I) wherein R1 and R2 independently of one another are X—(OC2H4)n-(OC3H6)m wherein X is C1-4 alkyl, the —(OC2H4) groups and the —(OC3H6) groups are arranged blockwise and the block consisting of the —(OC3H6) groups is bound to a COO group or are HO—(C3H6), n is based on a molar average a number of from 12 to 120, preferably 40 to 50, m is based on a molar average a number of from 1 to 10, and a is based on a molar average a number of from 4 to 9. The inventive compositions comprise polyesters that have an advantageous stability in their alkaline environment and also possess advantageous soil release properties.

Abstract: A method and device for controlling an extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus, which can be operated as a hemodialysis apparatus, hemofiltration apparatus or hemodiafiltration apparatus, are disclosed. The method and device make provision, apart from balancing the fluids as a function of the weights of the containers, for the measurement of the weight reduction or increase of at least one of the containers in the time interval in which the pump assigned to the respective container performs a preset number of revolutions or pump strokes. The change in the weight of the container for a half or one pump revolution can be determined. The delivery rate of the respective pump is ascertained from the measured weight reduction or increase in the specific time interval, thereby permitting the precise determination of the actual delivery rate of one or more pumps. The actual delivery rates of all the pumps are preferably monitored.

Abstract: Polyesters according to the following formula (I) are described wherein R1 and R2 independently of one another are H3C—(OC2H4)n—(OC3H6)m wherein the —(OC2H4) groups and the —(OC3H6) groups are arranged blockwise and the block consisting of the —(OC3H6) groups is bound to a COO group or are HO—(C3H6) or HO—(C4H8), n is based on a molar average a number of from 40 to 50, m is based on a molar average a number of from 1 to 7, and a+b is based on a molar average a number of from 4 to 9. The polyesters have an advantageous stability in alkaline environment, possess a beneficial solubility and advantageously are clearly soluble in alkaline compositions such as alkaline heavy duty washing liquids and also possess advantageous soil release properties.

Abstract: Polyesters according to the following formula (I) are described wherein R1 and R2 independently of one another are X—(OC2H4)n—(OC3H6)m wherein X is C1-4 alkyl, the —(OC2H4) groups and the —(OC3H6) groups are arranged blockwise and the block consisting of the —(OC3H6) groups is bound to a COO group or are HO—(C3H6), n is based on a molar average a number of from 12 to 120, m is based on a molar average a number of from 1 to 10, and a is based on a molar average a number of from 4 to 9. The inventive polyesters have an advantageous stability in alkaline environment, possess a beneficial solubility and advantageously are clearly soluble in alkaline compositions such as alkaline heavy duty washing liquids and also possess advantageous soil release properties.

Abstract: A transmission device (1) with a hydraulic system (4) comprising a main transmission pump device for supplying various transmission components with hydraulic fluid. The main transmission pump device is driven by torque applied to the transmission input shaft (2). A force flow between the transmission input shaft (2) and transmission output shaft (3) is produced by various hydraulically actuated transmission components. When the hydraulic system (4) is not supplied by the main transmission pump, the force flow is interrupted. The hydraulic system (4) has an auxiliary pump device (5) by virtue of which the hydraulic system (4) too can be supplied with hydraulic fluid. The auxiliary pump device (5) is driven by torque applied to the transmission output shaft (3) at least when the force flow is interrupted.

Abstract: The invention relates to water-soluble or water-swellable polymers the repeating structural units of which consist of a) 90.0 to 99.99 mole-% of one or more repeating structural units originating from special monomers with sulfonic acid groups or the salts thereof such as for example 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid or the salts thereof and b) 0.01 to 10.0 mole-% of one or more repeating structural units originating from special cross-linking agents with at least three polymerizable double bonds. The polymers for example have an advantageous sensory property profile and are highly suitable as thickening agents even in salt-containing compositions. They are furthermore advantageously suitable for producing cosmetic, dermatological or pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to water-soluble or water-swellable polymers that contain a) 20.0 to 98.97 mole-% of one or more repeating structural units originating from special monomers with sulfonic acid groups or the salts thereof such as e.g. 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid or the salts thereof, b) 1.0 to 60.0 mole-% of one or more repeating structural units containing an amide group and d) 0.01 to 8.0 mole-% of one or more repeating structural units originating from special crosslinking agents with at least three polymerizable double bonds. The polymers for example have an advantageous sensory property profile and are highly suitable as thickening agents even in salt-containing compositions. They are furthermore advantageously suitable for producing cosmetic, dermatological or pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: An ethylene homo- or copolymer composition is stabilized by suitable stabilizers conferring improved resistance against thermo-oxidative degradation, which occurs in the presence of liquid fuels comprising biodiesel, such as vegetable oil esters, in combination with oxygen. The stabilizers comprise a combination of at least two sterically hindered amine compounds or N-hydroxy- or N-oxylderivatives thereof in an amount of from 100 to 10 000 ppm. Such ethylene homo- or copolymer composition is highly suitable for articles of plastic and components for the transport and storage of liquid fuels comprising biodiesel, such as vegetable oil esters, preferably for plastic fuel tanks for automotive vehicles.

Abstract: Polymers are described comprising a) one or more of the recurring structural units of the formula (1) where R1 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl and A is C1-C8 alkylene, and Q+ is H+, NH4+, Li+, Na+, K+, ½ Ca++, ½ Mg++, ½ Zn++ or ? Al+++, and the neutralization degree of the structural units of formula (1) is 50 to 100 mol-%, and b) one or more of the recurring structural units of the formula (2) where R1 and A are R1 and A from formula (1) and X+ is [HNR5R6R7]+, where R5, R6 and R7 can independently from each other be hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 22 carbon atoms, a linear or branched, simple or polyunsaturated alkenylene group with 2 to 22 carbon atoms, a C6-C22-alkylamidopropyl group, a linear monohydroxyalkyl group with 2 to 10 carbon atoms or a linear or branched dihydroxyalkyl group with 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and wherein at least one of the groups R5, R6 and R7 is not hydrogen.

Abstract: Method to improve the barrier properties of composite gas cylinders and high pressure gas cylinder having enhanced barrier properties. The instant invention pertains to a new method for improving the barrier properties of composite gas cylinders for the storage of gas, by wrapping the outer surface of a composite gas cylinder with a plastic film comprising a barrier material in a winding process. The composite gas cylinder comprises an inner liner made of polyolefin and an outer fibre-reinforced, pressure supporting layer. The barrier material may comprise polyamide, polyester, halogen substituted polymer, EVOH or a metallization. The invention pertains also to a high pressure composite gas cylinder having enhanced barrier properties and its use as a fuel tank in gas driven automotive vehicles equipped with a combustion engine.

Abstract: Method to improve the barrier properties of composite gas cylinders and high pressure gas cylinder having enhanced barrier properties The instant invention pertains to a new method for improving the barrier properties of composite gas cylinders for the storage of gas, by sheathing the outer surface of a composite gas cylinder with a tubular plastic film comprising a barrier material and shrinking it by heat treatment to approach a strong connection. The composite gas cylinder comprises an inner liner made of polyolefin and an outer fibre-reinforced, pressure supporting layer. The barrier material may comprise polyamide, polyester, halogen substituted polymer, EVOH or a metallization. The invention pertains also to a high pressure composite gas cylinder having enhanced barrier properties and its use as a fuel tank in gas driven automotive vehicles equipped with a combustion engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method or an arrangement for the clock synchronization of a plurality of distributed modules of an information or communication system, said modules being coupled via a packet-switched network. At least two of said modules are controlled by a local clock generator of the modules using an adjustable frequency, and a clock signal is transmitted via the network in the form of clock signal packets in a synchronous minter with respect to the local clock of the modules.

Abstract: A method and device for controlling an extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus, which can be operated as a hemodialysis apparatus, hemofiltration apparatus or hemodiafiltration apparatus, are disclosed. The method and device make provision, apart from balancing the fluids as a function of the weights of the containers, for the measurement of the weight reduction or increase of at least one of the containers in the time interval in which the pump assigned to the respective container performs a preset number of revolutions or pump strokes. The change in the weight of the container for a half or one pump revolution can be determined. The delivery rate of the respective pump is ascertained from the measured weight reduction or increase in the specific time interval, thereby permitting the precise determination of the actual delivery rate of one or more pumps. The actual delivery rates of all the pumps are preferably monitored.

Abstract: A transmission device has at least one electro-hydraulic transmission control unit and a method of operating the transmission device having a plurality of gear wheel that can be engaged and disengaged from a force flow by fluidically actuated shifting elements. A piston space of a first shifting element, delimited by a second functional surface of the actuating piston of the first shifting element, is made separate from a piston space of a second shifting element, delimited by the first functional surface of the actuating piston, and an area of the second shifting element, that carries an actuating pressure, or an area of the first shifting element, that carries an actuating pressure, is, or can be, connected to the piston space delimited by the second functional surface of the actuating piston of the first shifting element.

Abstract: At least first and second terminals are connected to a packet-oriented network, with real-time critical data being transmitted via payload data frames from the first terminal to the second terminal. In cases in which no real-time critical data is available for transmission, fill frames signaling this fact are transmitted at a minimum transmission rate from the first to the second terminal. The transmission quality is determined by taking into consideration the payload data frames and fill frames received at the second terminal within a particular period.

Abstract: A method for the improvement of the barrier properties of ethylene homo- or copolymer compositions against permeation of hydrocarbons comprised in liquid fuels or mineral oils is disclosed. The ethylene homo- or copolymer comprises at least one sterically hindered amine compound in an amount of from 100 to 10 000 ppm, calculated on total weight of the polymer. At least one surface of a hollow body made of said ethylene homo- or copolymer is subjected to fluorination.

Abstract: Copolymers are described, containing a) 20.0-99.9% by weight of one or more structural units resulting from polymerizable substances of the following structural formula (I) in which R2 is a linear or branched saturated alkyl radical having 6 to 200 carbon atoms or a linear or branched, mono- or, polyunsaturated alkenyl radical having 6 to 200 carbon atoms, and R1, Y, n and m are each as defined in claim 1, b) 0.1-20.0% by weight of one or more structural units resulting from polymerizable quaternary ammonium compounds, and c) 0-60.0% by weight of one or more nonionic structural units resulting from one or more further polymerizable substances. The copolymers are advantageously suitable, for example, for the production of cosmetic, dermatological or pharmaceutical formulations.

Abstract: Water-soluble or water-swellable polymers are described, containing a) 20.0 to 98.99 mole percent of one or more independently recurring structural units of the formula (1) and b) 1.0 to 79.99 mole percent of one or more independently recurring structural units of the formula (2), and c) 0.01 to 8.0 mole percent of one or more independently recurring cross-linking structural units, which are obtained from one or more monomers having at least two olefinic double bonds. The polymers are suitable, for example, as thickeners or yield point formers, in particular in cosmetic, dermatological or pharmaceutical compositions.