Abstract: A passenger transport system includes a bus system transferring data between a central control unit and a plurality of field devices. In a failure detection method, the field devices are configured in an unbranched chain configuration and the control unit transmits a test telegram to a first field device to start a monitoring cycle during which each field device receiving the test telegram forwards the test telegram to a next field device in the chain. During the monitoring cycle, the control unit monitors a communication between the field devices occurring via the bus system, in order to detect when a field device does not forward the test telegram. A data volume transmitted via the bus system during the failure detection method is significantly reduced in comparison to conventional failure tests such that failures can be recognized more quickly and/or simpler hardware and/or software can be used.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for cleaning a filter module by means of a filter module having the following steps: providing a filter module having a filter head with two filter head openings; channelling fluid into the filter head via a first filter head opening; and channelling a portion of the fluid out of the filter head via a second filter head opening. The method is characterized in that, after fluid has been channelled into the filter head (210) via a first filter head opening, the fluid is partially swirled in the filter head.

Abstract: A high-voltage device has an encapsulation housing and at least one bushing for at least one electrical conductor leading into the encapsulation housing and/or leading out of the encapsulation housing. The at least one electrical conductor is coated with an insulation layer. The insulation layer increases the dielectric strength in the high-voltage device, in particular in the region of the bushing.

Abstract: A high-voltage device has an encapsulation housing and at least one bushing for at least one conductor, through which a current flows, into the encapsulation housing and/or out of the encapsulation housing. At least one electrode at free potential is surrounded by the bushing. The at least one electrode at free potential increases the dielectric strength in the high-voltage device, especially in the region of the bushing.

Abstract: A method for testing a technical system. Tests are carried out with the aid of a simulation of the system. The tests are evaluated with respect to a fulfillment measure of a quantitative requirement on the system and different error measures of the simulation. On the basis of the fulfillment measure and each of the error measures, a classification of the tests is carried out as either reliable or unreliable case by case. A selection among the error measures is made on the basis of a number of the tests classified as reliable.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus for measuring an electrical voltage for a metal-encapsulated switchgear. The measuring apparatus has an electrical conductor, an electrically conductive measuring electrode, which surrounds a first conductor portion of the electrical conductor and is electrically insulated from the electrical conductor, and an electrically conductive field control electrode, which is electrically insulated from the electrical conductor and from the measuring electrode and which has a first field control electrode portion that surrounds the measuring electrode.

Abstract: A method for evaluating a simulation model. In the method, for selected test cases, a first performance index is calculated in the simulation model. For the same test case, a second performance index is ascertained in a real test environment. For each of the test cases, a difference is calculated between the first performance index and the second performance index, and a signal metric is determined. For each of the signal metrics, an interrelation between the difference and the respective signal metric is investigated. The signal metric that exhibits the closest interrelation with the difference is selected.

Abstract: A method or testing a system. Input parameters of the system are divided into a first group and a second group. Using a first method, a first selection is made from among the input parameter assignments of the first group. Using a second method, a second selection is made from among the input parameter assignments of the second group. A characteristic value is calculated from the second selection. The first selection is adapted depending on the characteristic value.

Abstract: A bus system, a subscriber station, and a method for configuring a static bus system for a dynamic communication are provided. The bus system has at least two subscriber stations, a communications link for connecting the subscriber stations to each other, and at least one device for the dynamic communication between the subscriber stations of the bus system; the subscriber stations and the communications link are developed for the static communication, which is directed to messages to be transmitted on the bus system that are known when the bus system is made available and are configured according to specified transmitters and receivers, and the dynamic communication is directed to messages to be transmitted on the bus system that have become known only after the subscriber stations and the communications link have been made available and are configured according to specified transmitters and receivers.

Abstract: A method for testing a technical system. The method includes: tests are carried out with the aid of a simulation of the system, the tests are evaluated with respect to a fulfillment measure of a quantitative requirement on the system and an error measure of the simulation, on the basis of the fulfillment measure and error measure, a classification of the tests as either reliable or unreliable is carried out.

Abstract: A method for testing a technical system. The method includes: tests are carried out with the aid of a simulation of the system, the tests are evaluated with respect to a fulfillment measure of a quantitative requirement on the system and an error measure of the simulation, on the basis of the fulfillment measure and error measure, a classification of the tests as either reliable or unreliable is carried out, and a test database is improved on the basis of the classification.

Abstract: A method for testing a technical system. Tests are carried out with the aid of a simulation of the system. The tests are evaluated with respect to a fulfillment measure of a quantitative requirement on the system and different error measures of the simulation. On the basis of the fulfillment measure and each of the error measures, a classification of the tests is carried out as either reliable or unreliable case by case. A selection among the error measures is made on the basis of a number of the tests classified as reliable.

Abstract: A method for testing a technical system. The method includes: tests are carried out with the aid of a simulation of the system, the tests are evaluated with respect to a fulfillment measure of a quantitative requirement on the system and an error measure of the simulation, on the basis of the fulfillment measure and error measure, a classification of the tests as either reliable or unreliable is carried out, and a test database is improved on the basis of the classification.

Abstract: A method for testing a technical system. The method includes: tests are carried out with the aid of a simulation of the system, the tests are evaluated with respect to a fulfillment measure of a quantitative requirement on the system and an error measure of the simulation, on the basis of the fulfillment measure and error measure, a classification of the tests as either reliable or unreliable is carried out.

Abstract: A method for optimizing test cases. The method includes the following features. On the basis of simulation data obtained by way of the simulation, a simulation metamodel is created. On the basis of measurements performed in the test environment, a reality metamodel is created. Uncertainties inherent in the simulation data and measurements are combined by the fact that either the sum is calculated or the worst case of the two calculations is used or the worst case is respectively considered for each uncertainty being considered. On the basis of the combination of the uncertainties, a metamodel encompassing the simulation and the test environment is created. A search-based optimization of the test cases is performed by way of the metamodel.

Abstract: A method or testing a system. Input parameters of the system are divided into a first group and a second group. Using a first method, a first selection is made from among the input parameter assignments of the first group. Using a second method, a second selection is made from among the input parameter assignments of the second group. A characteristic value is calculated from the second selection. The first selection is adapted depending on the characteristic value.

Abstract: A method for evaluating a simulation model. In the method, for selected test cases, a first performance index is calculated in the simulation model. For the same test case, a second performance index is ascertained in a real test environment. For each of the test cases, a difference is calculated between the first performance index and the second performance index, and a signal metric is determined. For each of the signal metrics, an interrelation between the difference and the respective signal metric is investigated. The signal metric that exhibits the closest interrelation with the difference is selected.

Abstract: The invention relates to a connection device for receiving and connecting filter modules, in particular tubular filter modules, having at least one lateral, in particular radial, connector wherein a connecting apparatus of the connection device connects the filter module at the lateral connector and fixes it in the connection device. Further connecting apparatus of the connection device serve in the connecting of connectors arranged coaxially on the filter module, wherein the coaxial connectors are not fixed via the further connecting apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new picolinic acid derivatives of formula (I) and their use as intermediates in the process of making pyridine derivatives, including (S)-3-amino-6-methoxy-N-(3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)picolinamide that are useful for the treatment of respiratory disorders.

Abstract: A direct-current switching device for interrupting an electric direct current flowing along a medium or high-voltage current path, includes an electric circuit assembly having a mechanical switching device to be switched in the medium or high-voltage current path. The electric circuit assembly further has an LC circuit with an inductive component in order to force a current zero crossing in the mechanical switching device connected in the medium or high-voltage current path, a capacitive component for forming a resonant circuit being closed by the switching device, and a switchable semiconductor component for generating an excitation frequency exciting the resonant circuit. The switchable semiconductor component is disposed in the electric circuit assembly such that the semiconductor component constantly lies outside of the medium or high-voltage current path when the mechanical switching device is connected in the medium or high-voltage current path.