Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a high-pressure exhaust-gas recirculation line and a low-pressure exhaust-gas recirculation line with a low-pressure exhaust-gas recirculation valve. The low-pressure exhaust-gas recirculation line branches off from the exhaust-gas system downstream of a turbine of an exhaust-gas turbocharger and opens into a fresh-air system upstream of a compressor of the exhaust-gas turbocharger. An exhaust-gas flap is disposed in the exhaust-gas system downstream from where the low-pressure exhaust-gas recirculation line branches off from the exhaust-gas system. At least one pressure sensor is disposed in the low-pressure exhaust-gas recirculation line and configured such that the at least one pressure sensor determines a pressure difference in the low-pressure exhaust-gas recirculation line between a point upstream of the low-pressure exhaust-gas recirculation valve and a point downstream of the low-pressure exhaust-gas recirculation valve.

Abstract: A tubing connecting device for a fluid carrying tube having a flat portion with an aperture therethrough includes a coupling body having a first port and a second port that are in fluid communication, a planar surface on the coupling body, surrounding the first port and configured to engage the flat portion of the tube with the first port in fluid communication with the aperture. A strap is affixed at both ends to the coupling body and is configured to engage the tube and hold the coupling body in place on the flat.

Abstract: A tubing connecting device for a fluid carrying tube having a flat portion with an aperture therethrough includes a coupling body having a first port and a second port that are in fluid communication, a planar surface on the coupling body, surrounding the first port and configured to engage the flat portion of the tube with the first port in fluid communication with the aperture. A strap is affixed at both ends to the coupling body and is configured to engage the tube and hold the coupling body in place on the flat.

Abstract: In a percussion instrument such as a drum, conga, bongo or the like, comprising a resonance body and a skin that is stretched over a top opening of the resonance body and has an imprint, it is provided that the skin (3) is transparent or semi-transparent and that an imprint (18) is applied to the bottom of the skin.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a dispensing system (for dispensing a product) that helps prevent theft, while also providing a simple, easy to manufacture advancing or pushing system that advances product forward. In certain embodiments, the system comprises a base having a back portion, a platform having a track, a flexible plastic pushing device with a connecting end and a pushing end, wherein the connecting end is attached to the back portion of the base, and wherein the pushing end slides along the platform track to advance product to be dispensed forward, and a hood that covers the base.

Abstract: In a method for controlling the air ratio lambda and for controlling the torque of an internal combustion engine, e.g. of a diesel engine, a fuel is supplied in at least two injection processes, including a main injection of a main injection quantity and a post-injection of a post-injection quantity, and the main injection quantity is influenced to control the torque and the post-injection quantity is influenced to control the lambda value. A corrective main injection quantity ascertained for the torque control is at least proportionally subtracted from the post-injection quantity.

Abstract: A method for diagnosing an engine control unit (4) conducts an analysis as to whether the signal values from the cylinder pressure sensors (3) are faulty based on at least one characteristic value which is derived from an evaluation of signal values from the cylinder pressure sensors (3) of the cylinders (2) in a combustion engine (5). In addition to this is described the engine control unit (4) designed to execute the method. Also hereby disclosed is a method which, based on symmetrical aspects, determines a crankshaft angle (phipCylMaxTDC) for a cylinder pressure maximum during push mode operation of the combustion engine (5).

Abstract: A powder port blow-off system for a plasma spray process includes a faceplate that includes a bore therein that is co-radially aligned with a nozzle of a plasma spray gun, which emits a plasma plume. A plurality of powder feed ports are arranged circumferentially around the nozzle for injecting a flow of powder particles toward the plasma plume. A plurality of powder port blow-offs are arranged circumferentially around the nozzle in order to direct blow-off gas across the powder feed ports. The powder port blow-offs are directed across the plasma plume to create a vortex for carrying away powder particles unconsumed by the plasma plume.

Abstract: A message analysis device is described including a storage device, display device, and a selection device. The storage device can be used to store messages in a file in chronological order, and the a display device can be used to display at least one first and one second window. One part of the messages, which are chronologically stored in the file, can be displayed in the first window. The selection device can be used to select at least one message to be displayed in the second window, corresponding to a parent and/or child generation of a specific message. Accordingly, information can be evaluated from a message header to determine and represent those parent-generation messages that causally triggered a specific message and/or those child-generation messages that are causally determined by the specific message.

Abstract: A method as well as a system are described for determining the travel time of at least one mobile user end device between a starting point (A) and an end point (E) that is spatially separated from it. To this end, specific pieces of information of at least one mobile user end device located at the starting point (A) and at the end point (E) are determined and each linked to a time marker. The specific pieces of information of the mobile user end devices are compared with one another electronically in at least one central processing unit. When the specific pieces of information of a mobile user end device are in agreement at the starting point (A) as well as at the end point (E), the time difference between the time markers is formed electronically in the central processing unit and the travel times are determined therefrom.

Abstract: A display system having an improved support structure to reduce the display profile and consequent shipping costs and an improved display hook for mounting on the display grid. A support structure, such as an easel, is formed with or attached to the rear side of the display grid to support the grid in an elevated position. Unlike prior displays that must be shipped with bulky support structures, the easel of this invention is collapsible, allowing the display to retain its relatively thin profile. To install the display in the store, the easel may be quickly and easily formed and locked into place to support the display. The easel may be formed and collapsed as necessary, facilitating both shipping of the display as well as transporting the display in the store.

Abstract: In a percussion instrument such as a drum, conga, bongo or the like, comprising a resonance body and a skin that is stretched over a top opening of the resonance body and has an imprint, it is provided that the skin (3) is transparent or semi-transparent and that an imprint (18) is applied to the bottom of the skin.

Abstract: A method for diagnosing an engine control unit (4) conducts an analysis as to whether the signal values from the cylinder pressure sensors (3) are faulty based on at least one characteristic value which is derived from an evaluation of signal values from the cylinder pressure sensors (3) of the cylinders (2) in a combustion engine (5). In addition to this is described the engine control unit (4) designed to execute the method. Also hereby disclosed is a method which, based on symmetrical aspects, determines a crankshaft angle (phipCylMaxTDC) for a cylinder pressure maximum during push mode operation of the combustion engine (5).

Abstract: The stackable power semiconductor module comprises electrically conductive base plates, an electrically conductive cover plate and a plurality of semiconductor chips. The semiconductor chips are arranged in groups of several on separate base plates in preassembled submodules. The base plates are moveable towards the cover plate. The submodules are paralleled inside the module housing. The submodules are fully testable according to their current ratings. Altering the number of submodules paralleled inside the housing can vary the overall current rating of a module.

Abstract: A control of the charging of a vehicle battery by means of a generator is disclosed. The generator also supplies an electric on-board power supply of a motor vehicle and an additional consuming device with electric power. However, the additional consuming device is supplied with electric power only when the power demand of the on-board power supply has been met.

Abstract: A cup holder includes a housing, a holding member having an opening, a connecting element, and a tray. When not in use, the holding member, the connecting element and the tray can be sunk in the housing, and can be extracted from the housing in the operative position. The tray can be arranged at a distance parallel to the holding member. One end of the connecting element is connected by way of a first swivel joint to the holding member, and the other end is pivot-connected to the tray by way of a second swivel joint. The second swivel joint is arranged at a distance from the center of mass of the tray so that the gravitational force produces a torque, by which the tray folds out.

Abstract: A message analysis device is described including a storage device, display device, and a selection device. The storage device can be used to store messages in a file in chronological order, and the a display device can be used to display at least one first and one second window. One part of the messages, which are chronologically stored in the file, can be displayed in the first window. The selection device can be used to select at least one message to be displayed in the second window, corresponding to a parent and/or child generation of a specific message. Accordingly, information can be evaluated from a message header to determine and represent those parent-generation messages that causally triggered a specific message and/or those child-generation messages that are causally determined by the specific message.

Abstract: A low drag ship hull generally includes a side air cavity initiated by wetted bow section, bottom air cavity initiated by wetted bottom nosepiece, wetted stem section that closes a lower portion of the side cavity, wetted bottom tailpiece that closes the bottom cavity, stabilizing fin, and propulsor. The bottom of a catamaran hull cross structure includes bow impact alleviator. Optional flaps in the stabilizing fins, together with optional all-movable canard fins are used for control. Different wetted bow sections and retractable means are used for starting side cavities. A low drag hull may utilize multiple air cavities. A new low drag hull includes a new upper bottom air cavity that is initiated by an upper bottom wetted nosepiece, and closed by an upper bottom tailpiece. Alternative designs include a shortened forward hull spaced ahead of a shortened aft hull, and a hydrofoil-supported trimaran with low drag hulls.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of gas cavities to reduce frictional drag on underwater surfaces such as hydrofoils, struts, fins, rudders, keels, propeller blades, ship hulls, underwater bodies, and wetted surfaces in general. Each gas-filled cavity is formed behind a discontinuity in the surface that causes the water boundary layer to separate from the surface. Gas is ejected into a region behind the discontinuity to fill the cavity; the gas can be air. If a cavity is open to the atmosphere, then air can typically fill the cavity naturally without air ejection. Cavities can either be closed or open. A low drag hydrofoil may have a closed cavity on one side, and an open cavity on the other side. For closed cavities, the underlying surface can be shaped to minimize cavity closure drag. Various ways to generate cavities, change hydrodynamic forces, and duct gas internally on hydrofoils and struts with cavities are covered.

Abstract: A method as well as a system are described for determining the travel time of at least one mobile user end device between a starting point (A) and an end point (E) that is spatially separated from it. To this end, specific pieces of information of at least one mobile user end device located at the starting point (A) and at the end point (E) are determined and each linked to a time marker. The specific pieces of information of the mobile user end devices are compared with one another electronically in at least one central processing unit. When the specific pieces of information of a mobile user end device are in agreement at the starting point (A) as well as at the end point (E), the time difference between the time markers is formed electronically in the central processing unit and the travel times are determined therefrom.