Abstract: The invention relates to phosphacyclohexanes of general formulae I and II, wherein the following designations, among others, apply: R can represent hydrogen, C1-100-alkyl, C7-20-aralkyl, C7-20-alkaryl, and C6-12-aryl: R1 to R10 can independently represent hydrogen, C1-20-alkyl, C7-20-aralkyl, C7-20-alkaryl, and C6-12-aryl: W, W′ can independently represent single bonds or bridges comprising 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which can form part of a cyclic or aromatic group and can be interrupted by heteroatoms. Said phosphacyclohexanes are used as ligands in transition metal complexes of transition metals belonging to groups VIII to X of the periodic table.

Abstract: In a process for the hydroformylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds, at least one complex or compound of a metal of transition group VIII with at least one bidentate phosphine ligand is used as hydroformylation catalyst and at least one of the reaction steps following the hydroformylation reaction is carried out essentially in the absence of carbon monoxide and hydrogen and in the presence of at least one monodentate phosphine ligand.

Abstract: Phosphabenzene compounds of the formula (I) where the radicals R1 to R13 are, independently of one another, hydrogen, COOM, SO3M, NR3X, NR2, OR, COOR or SR (where M=hydrogen, NH4 or alkali metal, X=anion, R=hydrogen or C1-C6-alkyl), or C1-C12-alkyl, C6-C12-aryl, C7-C12-aralkyl, C7-C12-alkaryl or C3-C6-heteroaromatics, where the alkyl, aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl radicals may bear the abovementioned radicals as substituents and two or more of the radicals may be joined to form aliphatic or fused-on rings, where at least one of the radicals R4 and R8 and at least one of the radicals R9 and R13 is not hydrogen, can be used for preparing hydroformylation catalysts.

Abstract: In a process for the hydroformylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds, at least one complex or compound of a metal of transition group VIII with at least one bidentate phosphine ligand is used as hydroformylation catalyst and at least one of the reaction steps following the hydroformylation reaction is carried out essentially in the absence of carbon monoxide and hydrogen and in the presence of at least one monodentate phosphine ligand.

Abstract: Phosphabenzene compounds of the formulae I and II where R1 to R6 are identical or different and are, for example, hydrogen, are prepared by reacting corresponding pyrylium salts with PH3 in the presence or absence of a solvent or diluent. The pyrylium salts are combined with PH3 at above 0° C. and reacted at a temperature in the range from 0° C. to 200° C. and a pressure above 1 bar without addition of an acid catalyst or a base.

Abstract: The transition metal-catalyzed amination of aryl halides, in conjunction with an orthogonal protective group scheme, forms the basis of two routes to oligoaniline precursors. The oligoaniline precursors are soluble in a variety of common organic solvents, and are easily converted to the deprotected oligoanilines. The method allows the preparation of oligoanilines of even or odd chain lengths, and the incorporation of a variety of functional groups into the oligomers. Polyanilines of low polydispersity can also be prepared by this method.