Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a wheel having a rim that is at least partially made from several layers of fiber-reinforced plastic, and a wheel center having multiple spokes extending from a wheel hub, which constitutes an axis of rotation, to the rim in a radial direction. According to the disclosure the rim comprises a rim well extending in transversal direction between an inboard flange and an outboard flange suitable to receive a tire to be mounted thereon. The wheel includes a circumferential collar that extends from the outboard flange radially inwards towards the axis of rotation and that has an outboard collar face that constitutes an aerodynamic surface.

Abstract: Producing multilayer sheet metal strip stacks comprises feeding a metallic strip material having an upper side and a lower side by a feeding arrangement, longitudinally dividing of the fed strip material in a longitudinal direction of the strip material into a plurality of sheet metal strips in a continuous process by a strip dividing arrangement, and continuously superimposing of at least some of the sheet metal strips to form a sheet metal strip pack by a guiding arrangement.

Abstract: A hardened formed part is manufactured with the steps: producing a blank from a hardenable strip material; heating of the blank to an austenitization temperature; forming and hardening of the blank to a hardened formed part; cleaning the hardened formed part; coating the hardened formed part with a metallic coating in an dipping bath with an electrolyte solution, wherein during the coating process, at least one auxiliary element is used in the dipping bath, such, that the deposition of the coating is partially influenced. A plant is used for manufacturing a hardened formed part.

Abstract: A product is made from a rolled strip material with the steps: rolling of a strip material from a sheet metal; working of a blank out of the rolled strip material; forming of the blank to a formed part; cleaning the formed part such that an amount of maximal 0.7 ppm of diffusible hydrogen is introduced into the formed part by cleaning, and coating the formed part with a metal coating material for producing a corrosion protection coating, wherein the step of coating is carried out in an immersion bath with an electrolyte solution, wherein between the formed part and the electrolyte solution a flow is generated.

Abstract: A hardened formed part is manufactured with the steps: producing a blank from a hardenable strip material; heating of the blank to an austenitisation temperature; forming and hardening of the blank to a hardened formed part; cleaning the hardened formed part; coating the hardened formed part with a metallic coating in an dipping bath with an electrolyte solution, wherein during the coating process, at least one auxiliary element is used in the dipping bath, such, that the deposition of the coating is partially influenced. A plant is used for manufacturing a hardened formed part.

Abstract: A process for producing plate springs or undulating springs wherein surface regions which are subjected to tensile stresses when the spring is under load are provided with an internal compressive stress in the boundary layer, wherein said surface regions are rollingly compressed by a ball or roller or subjected to tensile stress and compressed by shot peening.

Abstract: A spring plate for a valve spring of an internal combustion engine, which spring plate can be connected directly to the valve stem of a charge changing valve while engaging an annular groove in the valve stem. An annular disc is arranged on the valve spring and two supporting tongues which are directed radially inwardly from the annular disc and whose inner ends, in a plan view of the spring plate, comprise recesses for engaging an annular groove.

Abstract: A process for producing plate springs or undulating springs wherein surface regions which are subjected to tensile stresses when the spring is under load are provided with an internal compressive stress in the boundary layer, wherein said surface regions are rollingly compressed by a ball or roller or subjected to tensile stress and compressed by shot peening.

Abstract: A process for producing a hollow monoblock shaft from a pipe, the pipe initially having a constant diameter and a constant wall thickness, and the monoblock component including at least one area of its length being of a smaller outside diameter and a greater wall thickness than the constant diameter and constant wall thickness of the pipe. The process can be carried out simply and economically by the following process steps: selecting a pipe with a wall thickness which corresponds to the smallest wall thickness of the finished component, partial heating of at least one area of the pipe, axial upsetting the heated area of the pipe and radial forging the heated area of the pipe.

Abstract: A plate spring of a substantially circular-ring-shaped form having a substantially externally conical upper side (12) and a substantially internally conical underside (13) between which there are positioned an outer annular edge (14) and an inner annular edge (15), wherein, in the unloaded condition, the surface layer (17) of the underside (13) comprises a higher inherent compressive stress than the surface layer (16) of the upper side (12).

Abstract: A spring plate for a valve spring of an internal combustion engine, which spring plate can be connected directly to the valve stem of a charge changing valve while engaging an annular groove in the valve stem. An annular disc 12 is arranged on the valve spring and two supporting tongues which are directed radially inwardly from the annular disc and whose inner ends, in a plan view of the spring plate, comprise recesses for engaging an annular groove.

Abstract: A spring plate for a valve spring of an internal combustion engine, which spring plate can be connected directly to the valve stem of a charge changing valve while engaging an annular groove in the valve stem. An annular disc is arranged on the valve spring and two supporting tongues which are directed radially inwardly from the annular disc and whose inner ends, in a plan view of the spring plate, comprise recesses for engaging an annular groove.

Abstract: A belt tensioning device for traction mechanisms includes a receiving and mounting housing, a pulley carrier pivotally connected to the receiving and mounting housing, a bearing supporting the pulley carrier relative to the receiving and mounting housing, and a spring located between the pulley carrier and the receiving and mounting housing for applying the tensioning force. The belt tensioning device, in normal operation, on the slack side between a generator and a main pulley can also be used when the slack side becomes the load side by a blocking mechanism which enables swinging motion of the pulley carrier relative to the receiving and mounting housing in a first direction, and limits or prevents such motion in a second, opposite direction.

Abstract: A motor vehicle body which is joined together out of individual elements, more particularly hollow profiles and planar elements consisting of sheet metal, wherein use is made of at least some individual elements consisting of flexibly rolled sheet metal whose sheet metal thickness varies along one direction and in the case of which the distribution width of the specific load across the individual element is reduced or minimized by the selection of the sheet metal thickness distribution.

Abstract: A process for thermomechanical treatment of steel for torsionally-strained spring elements, the initial material being heated with a heating rate of at least 50 K/s and austenitized, and then, being formed in at least one forming step with the formed product being quenched to below the martensite temperature to martensite and then tempered. To improve the strength or toughness properties of the spring steel in the strain direction of the torsionally strained spring elements so that the increase of vibration strength is considerable, the initial material is heated to a temperature above the recrystallization temperature and then formed at such a temperature, that dynamic and/or static recrystallization of the austenite occurs, and that the recrystallized austenite of the formed product is quenched.

Abstract: A plate spring of a substantially circular-ring-shaped form having a substantially externally conical upper side (12) and a substantially internally conical underside (13) between which there are positioned an outer annular edge (14) and an inner annular edge (15), wherein, in the unloaded condition, the surface layer (17) of the underside (13) comprises a higher inherent compressive stress than the surface layer (16) of the upper side (12).

Abstract: A belt tensioning device for traction mechanisms includes a receiving and mounting housing, a pulley carrier pivotally connected to the receiving and mounting housing, a bearing supporting the pulley carrier relative to the receiving and mounting housing, and a spring located between the pulley carrier and the receiving and mounting housing for applying the tensioning force. The belt tensioning device, in normal operation, on the slack side between a generator and a main pulley can also be used when the slack side becomes the load side by a blocking mechanism which enables swinging motion of the pulley carrier relative to the receiving and mounting housing in a first direction, and limits or prevents such motion in a second, opposite direction.

Abstract: A process for thermomechanical treatment of steel for torsionally-strained spring elements, the initial material being heated with a heating rate of at least 50 K/s and austenitized, and then, being formed in at least one forming step with the formed product being quenched to below the martensite temperature to martensite and then tempered. To improve the strength or toughness properties of the spring steel in the strain direction of the torsionally strained spring elements so that the increase of vibration strength is considerable, the initial material is heated to a temperature above the recrystallization temperature and then formed at such a temperature, that dynamic and/or static recrystallization of the austenite occurs, and that the recrystallized austenite of the formed product is quenched.

Abstract: A process for producing a hollow monoblock shaft from a pipe, the pipe initially having a constant diameter and a constant wall thickness, and the monoblock component including at least one area of its length being of a smaller outside diameter and a greater wall thickness than the constant diameter and constant wall thickness of the pipe.

Abstract: A process for thermomechanical treatment of steel for torsionally-strained spring elements, the initial material being heated with a heating rate of at least 50 K/s and austenitized, and then, being formed in at least one forming step with the formed product being quenched to below the martensite temperature to martensite and then tempered. To improve the strength or toughness properties of the spring steel in the strain direction of the torsionally strained spring elements so that the increase of vibration strength is considerable, the initial material is heated to a temperature above the recrystallization temperature and then formed at such a temperature, that dynamic and/or static recrystallization of the austenite occurs, and that the recrystallized austenite of the formed product is quenched.