Abstract: A method of treating water to oxidize organic contaminants comprises heat transfer system includes heating liquid water to a temperature of at least 190° F. at a pressure to keep the heated water in a liquid phase, and contacting the heated water with oxygen and an oxidation catalyst including a noble metal on a porous support comprising a bi-modal pore size distribution including pore sizes from 1 nm to 20 nm and pore sizes from 100 nm to 1000 nm. The resulting catalytic oxidation of the organic contaminants results in the release of gaseous reaction products resulting from the oxidation reaction, which are separated from the treated water in a phase separator to produce a treated water final product.

Abstract: A sorbent bed may comprise a sorbent support comprising at least one of a carbon material, a polymeric material, or alumina, wherein the sorbent support comprises a plurality of pores; and an impregnant configured to absorb ammonia disposed within the plurality of pores in the sorbent support, wherein the sorbent bed comprises between 20% and 60% by weight impregnant.

Abstract: An adsorbent system includes a passage and first and second adsorbents in the passage. The first adsorbent includes granules of non-impregnated activated carbon and the second adsorbent includes granules of acid- or metal salt-impregnated adsorbent. The granules of acid- or metal salt-impregnated adsorbent have, by weight, at least 20% acid or metal salt content. The granules of acid- or metal salt-impregnated adsorbent have, by weight, at least 35% acid or metal salt content. The granules of non-impregnated activated carbon and the granules of acid- or metal salt-impregnated adsorbent have a size of mesh 4 to mesh 40, and, by total combined weight of the granules of non-impregnated activated carbon and the granules of acid- or metal salt-impregnated adsorbent, the first adsorbent has 55%-75% of the granules of non-impregnated activated carbon and the second adsorbent has 45%-25% of the granules of acid- or metal salt-impregnated adsorbent.

Abstract: A sorbent bed may comprise a sorbent support comprising at least one of a carbon material, a polymeric material, or alumina, wherein the sorbent support comprises a plurality of pores; and an impregnant configured to absorb ammonia disposed within the plurality of pores in the sorbent support, wherein the sorbent bed comprises between 20% and 60% by weight impregnant.

Abstract: An adsorbent system includes a passage and first and second adsorbents arranged in series in the passage. The first adsorbent includes granules of non-impregnated charcoal and the second adsorbent includes granules of acid- or metal salt-impregnated adsorbent. The granules of acid- or metal salt-impregnated adsorbent have, by weight, at least 20% acid or metal salt content.

Abstract: A method of treating water to oxidize organic contaminants comprises heat transfer system includes heating liquid water to a temperature of at least 190° F. at a pressure to keep the heated water in a liquid phase, and contacting the heated water with oxygen and an oxidation catalyst including a noble metal on a porous support comprising a bi-modal pore size distribution including pore sizes from 1 nm to 20 nm and pore sizes from 100 nm to 1000 nm. The resulting catalytic oxidation of the organic contaminants results in the release of gaseous reaction products resulting from the oxidation reaction, which are separated from the treated water in a phase separator to produce a treated water final product.

Abstract: A catalyst for a life support system includes a plurality of titania support particles that define an average particle surface area. Platinum metal is disposed on the plurality of titania support particles such that a ratio of the average particle surface area to the percentage amount of the platinum metal is between 5 and 50 m2/% Pt g.

Abstract: A method for controlling microbial growth in potable water stored in a vessel having a metallic surface includes heating the metallic surface to a temperature between about 480° C. (900° F.) and about 870° C. (1600° F.), exposing the metallic surface to oxygen during heating to oxidize potential reduction sites on the metallic surface and charging potable water containing silver ions to the vessel. A vessel having a metallic surface is prepared for long-term storage of potable water containing silver ions by heating the metallic surface to a temperature between about 480° C. (900° F.) and about 870° C. (1600° F.) and exposing the metallic surface to oxygen during heating to oxidize electropositive metals on the metallic surface or by treating the metallic surface with an aqueous solution containing on oxidizing agent to oxidize potential reduction sites on the metallic surface.

Abstract: A catalyst for a life support system includes a plurality of titania support particles that define an average particle surface area. Platinum metal is disposed on the plurality of titania support particles such that a ratio of the average particle surface area to the percentage amount of the platinum metal is between 5 and 50 m2/% Pt g.

Abstract: A catalyst includes a platinum coating deposited on a silica support. The support has an average surface area between about 100 m2/g and about 120 m2/g. The platinum coating is between about 5 wt % and about 15 wt % of the catalyst. The combination of the selected surface area, silica support, and selected amount of platinum coating provides a catalytic activation temperature below 200° C. and avoids the formation of NOx.

Abstract: A catalyst includes a platinum coating deposited on a silica support. The support has an average surface area between about 100 m2/g and about 120 m2/g. The platinum coating is between about 5 wt % and about 15 wt % of the catalyst. The combination of the selected surface area, silica support, and selected amount of platinum coating provides a catalytic activation temperature below 200° C. and avoids the formation of NOx.

Abstract: A catalyst includes a platinum coating deposited on a silica support. The support has an average surface area between about 100 m2/g and about 120 m2/g. The platinum coating is between about 5 wt % and about 15 wt % of the catalyst. The combination of the selected surface area, silica support, and selected amount of platinum coating provides a catalytic activation temperature below 200° C. and avoids the formation of NOx.

Abstract: A catalyst includes a platinum coating deposited on a silica support. The support has an average surface area between about 100 m2/g and about 120 m2/g. The platinum coating is between about 5 wt % and about 15 wt % of the catalyst. The combination of the selected surface area, silica support, and selected amount of platinum coating provides a catalytic activation temperature below 200° C. and avoids the formation of NOx.

Abstract: A method for controlling microbial growth in potable water stored in a vessel having a metallic surface includes heating the metallic surface to a temperature between about 480° C. (900° F.) and about 870° C. (1600° F.), exposing the metallic surface to oxygen during heating to oxidize potential reduction sites on the metallic surface and charging potable water containing silver ions to the vessel. A vessel having a metallic surface is prepared for long-term storage of potable water containing silver ions by heating the metallic surface to a temperature between about 480° C. (900° F.) and about 870° C. (1600° F.) and exposing the metallic surface to oxygen during heating to oxidize electropositive metals on the metallic surface or by treating the metallic surface with an aqueous solution containing on oxidizing agent to oxidize potential reduction sites on the metallic surface.

Abstract: A catalyst includes a platinum coating deposited on a silica support. The support has an average surface area between about 100 m2/g and about 120 m2/g. The platinum coating is between about 5 wt % and about l5 wt % of the catalyst. The combination of the selected surface area, silica support, and selected amount of platinum coating provides a catalytic activation temperature below 200° C. and avoids the formation of NOx.

Abstract: A sorbent system includes a porous polymer support and a sorbent within the porous polymer support. For example, the sorbent includes a tertiary amine, such as triethanolamine.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide (CO2) removal system includes a first sorbent bed and a second sorbent bed. Each of the first and second sorbent beds has a molecular sieve sorbent for adsorbing or desorbing CO2. One of the sorbent beds adsorbs CO2 and the other of the sorbent beds desorbs CO2. The first and second sorbent beds are thermally connected to transfer heat between the sorbent beds.

Abstract: A sorbent system includes a porous polymer support and a sorbent within the porous polymer support. For example, the sorbent includes a tertiary amine, such as triethanolamine.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide (CO2) removal system includes a first sorbent bed and a second sorbent bed. Each of the first and second sorbent beds has a molecular sieve sorbent for adsorbing or desorbing CO2. One of the sorbent beds adsorbs CO2 and the other of the sorbent beds desorbs CO2. The first and second sorbent beds are thermally connected to transfer heat between the sorbent beds.

Abstract: A catalyst includes a platinum coating deposited on a silica support. The support has an average surface area between about 100 m2/g and about 120 m2/g. The platinum coating is between about 5 wt % and about l5 wt % of the catalyst. The combination of the selected surface area, silica support, and selected amount of platinum coating provides a catalytic activation temperature below 200° C. and avoids the formation of NOx.