Abstract: A process for producing a renewable hydrocarbon fuel. The process can include providing a feed including a lignocellulosic material to a pyrolysis zone to produce a stream including a pyrolysis oil, providing the pyrolysis oil stream to a refining zone producing a refined stream, providing at least a portion of the refined stream to a reforming zone producing a stream including hydrogen, providing at least a portion of the hydrogen stream to the refining zone; and recovering the renewable hydrocarbon fuel from the refined stream.

Abstract: A process has been developed for producing diesel boiling range fuel or fuel blending component from renewable feedstocks such as plant oils and greases. The process involves treating a renewable feedstock by hydrogenating and deoxygenating i.e. decarboxylating and/or hydrodeoxygenating to provide a hydrocarbon fraction useful as a diesel fuel. The hydrocarbon fraction is isomerized to improve cold flow properties. At least one interstage stream of the hydrogenating and deoxygenating reaction zone is heat exchanged with the feed to the isomerization reaction zone, and/or the effluent of the hydrogenating and deoxygenating reaction zone is heat exchanged with the feed to the isomerization reaction zone.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for producing a biofuel while minimizing fossil fuel derived carbon dioxide emissions. The process can include providing a renewable feed to an ester degradation zone to produce a first stream including one or more alcohols and a second stream including one or more acids, providing the first stream to a treatment zone for removing one or more salts and to obtain a treated stream, providing the treated stream to a reforming zone to obtain an effluent including hydrogen, and providing the second stream and at least a portion of the effluent to a refining zone for producing the biofuel.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided herein. In one example, the method comprises of dividing a feedstock stream into first and second feedstock portions. The feedstock stream comprises the biomass-derived pyrolysis oil and has a temperature of about 60° C. or less. The first feedstock portion is combined with a heated organic liquid stream to form a first heated diluted pyoil feed stream. The first heated diluted pyoil feed stream is contacted with a first deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen to form an intermediate low-oxygen pyoil effluent. The second feedstock portion is combined with the intermediate low-oxygen pyoil effluent to form a second heated diluted pyoil feed stream. The second heated diluted pyoil feed stream is contacted with a second deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen to form additional low-oxygen pyoil effluent.

Abstract: An integrated process for producing paraffins and polyols from renewable feedstocks has been developed in which a hydrolysis process is integrated with the hydroprocessing step, producing products suitable for use as transportation fuels. Integration allows the use of common equipment which minimizes cost, raw material consumption, and energy requirements.

Abstract: Methods of making synthetic distillate fuel are described. The methods involve the use of an absorbent bed of molecular sieves which adsorb the n-paraffins from a distillate fuel cut. This allows the distillate fuel true boiling point cut point on the distillation column to increase to a higher temperature to make a distillate fuel which meets all of the synthetic paraffinic kerosene (SPK) or synthetic diesel specifications on distillation as well as the cold flow property specification, such as freeze point for SPK or cloud point, cold filter plugging point and pour point for synthetic diesel. This approach could improve aviation fuel yields by about 5 to about 10% and synthetic diesel yields up to 20%.

Abstract: An improved processing system of an oxygenate-containing feedstock for increased production or yield of light olefins. Such processing involves oxygenate conversion to olefins and subsequent cracking of heavier olefins wherein at least a portion of the products from each of the reactors is elevated in pressure, using a common compressor, prior to being routed to a common product fractionation and recovery section. The system further comprises acid gas removal means to remove acid gases from the cracked product gas and that the olefin cracking reactor is a moving bed reactor.

Abstract: A process for producing paraffins from renewable feedstocks has been developed in which a hydrolysis process is integrated with the hydroprocessing step, producing products suitable for use as transportation fuels. Integration allows the use of common equipment which minimizes cost, raw material consumption, and energy requirements.

Abstract: An integrated process for producing paraffins and polyols from renewable feedstocks has been developed in which a hydrolysis process is integrated with the hydroprocessing step, producing products suitable for use as transportation fuels. Integration allows the use of common equipment which minimizes cost, raw material consumption, and energy requirements.

Abstract: A catalytic process for generating at least one polyol from a feedstock comprising cellulose is performed in a continuous manner. The process involves, contacting, continuously, hydrogen, water, and a feedstock comprising cellulose, with a catalyst to generate an effluent stream comprising at least one polyol, water, hydrogen, and at least one co-product. The water, hydrogen, and at least one co-product are separated from the effluent stream and recycled to the reaction zone. The polyol is recovered from the effluent stream.

Abstract: A catalytic process for generating at least one polyol from a feedstock comprising cellulose is performed in a continuous manner using a catalyst comprising nickel tungsten carbide. The process involves, contacting, continuously, hydrogen, water, and a feedstock comprising cellulose, with the catalyst to generate an effluent stream comprising at least one polyol and recovering the polyol from the effluent stream.

Abstract: A process for generating at least one polyol from a feedstock comprising saccharide is performed in a continuous or batch manner. The process involves, contacting hydrogen, water, and a feedstock comprising saccharide, with a catalyst system to generate an effluent stream comprising at least one polyol and recovering the polyol from the effluent stream. The catalyst system comprises at least one metal component with an oxidation state greater than or equal to 2+.

Abstract: A catalytic process for generating at least one polyol from a feedstock comprising cellulose is performed in a continuous manner. The process involves, contacting, continuously, hydrogen, water, and a feedstock comprising cellulose, with a catalyst to generate an effluent stream comprising at least one polyol, water, hydrogen, and at least one co-product. The water, hydrogen, and at least one co-product are separated from the effluent stream and recycled to the reaction zone. The polyol is recovered from the effluent stream.

Abstract: A catalytic process for generating at least one polyol from a feedstock comprising cellulose is performed in a continuous manner. The process involves, contacting, continuously, hydrogen, water, and a feedstock comprising cellulose, with a catalyst to generate an effluent stream comprising at least one polyol, water, hydrogen, and at least one co-product. The water, hydrogen, and at least one co-product are separated from the effluent stream and recycled to the reaction zone. The polyol is recovered from the effluent stream.

Abstract: A process for generating at least one polyol from a feedstock comprising saccharide is performed in a continuous or batch manner. The process involves, contacting, hydrogen, water, and a feedstock comprising saccharide, with a catalyst system to generate an effluent stream comprising at least one polyol and recovering the polyol from the effluent stream. The catalyst system comprises at least one unsupported component and at least one supported component.

Abstract: Methods for making a fuel composition comprising contacting one or more components of a hydroprocessing feedstock, for example both a fatty acid- or triglyceride-containing component and a paraffin-rich component, with hydrogen under catalytic hydroprocessing conditions are disclosed. The methods are effective to upgrade the component(s) and provide a hydroprocessed biofuel. A representative method utilizes a single-stage process in which hydrogen-containing recycle gas is circulated through both a hydrodeoxygenation zone and a hydrocracking zone in series.

Abstract: Biofuel compositions obtained by the simultaneous hydroprocessing of at least two distinct hydroprocessing feedstocks, either or both of which are derived from biomass, are disclosed. The co-processing of these feedstocks can result in an upgraded product having suitable characteristics, in terms of composition (e.g., quantities of compounds such as aromatic hydrocarbons, present in relatively large amounts) and in terms of quality (e.g., quantities of compounds such as oxygenates, present in relatively small amounts) for use as a hydroprocessed biofuel such as hydroprocessed aviation biofuel.

Abstract: Fuel compositions exhibiting reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, based on a lifecycle assessment from the time of cultivation of feedstocks (in the case of plant materials) or extraction of feedstocks (in the case of fossil fuels) required for the compositions (up to and including the ultimate combustion of the fuel composition by the end user) are disclosed. The reduced level of emissions (“carbon footprint”) is achieved by incorporating a pyrolysis derived component having a higher heating value than ethanol and meeting other applicable standards for fossil fuel (e.g., petroleum) derived components conventionally used for the same purpose, such as transportation fuels. Advantageously, fuel compositions comprising pyrolysis derived gasoline can exhibit lower GHG emissions than gasoline derived solely from petroleum, or even conventional blends of petroleum derived gasoline and ethanol.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for producing a renewable hydrocarbon fuel. The process can include providing a feed including a lignocellulosic material to a pyrolysis zone to produce a stream including a pyrolysis oil, providing the pyrolysis oil stream to a refining zone producing a refined stream, providing at least a portion of the refined stream to a reforming zone producing a stream including hydrogen, providing at least a portion of the hydrogen stream to the refining zone; and recovering the renewable hydrocarbon fuel from the refined stream.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for producing a biofuel while minimizing fossil fuel derived carbon dioxide emissions. The process can include providing a renewable feed to an ester degradation zone to produce a first stream including one or more alcohols and a second stream including one or more acids, providing the first stream to a treatment zone for removing one or more salts and to obtain a treated stream, providing the treated stream to a reforming zone to obtain an effluent including hydrogen, and providing the second stream and at least a portion of the effluent to a refining zone for producing the biofuel.