Abstract: A foamed sheet including: a polylactic acid; and a filler, wherein the foamed sheet has a compressive stress of 0.2 Mpa or less when the cushioning coefficient of the foamed sheet is 10 or less; and wherein the foamed sheet has a puncture strength of 2 N or more when the sheet thickness of the foamed sheet is 2 mm.

Abstract: A foam sheet contains an aliphatic polyester resin, a nucleating agent for foaming, and hydrofluoroolefin, wherein the nucleating agent accounts for 0.05 to 2 percent by mass of the foam sheet.

Abstract: Provided is a resin powder including a polyolefin-based resin, wherein a melting point of the resin powder is 150 degrees C. or higher, wherein a melt mass flow rate (MFR) of the resin powder measured according to JIS K 7210 is 0.35 (g/10 min) or greater but 8.50 (g/10 min) or less, and wherein a particle size distribution (volume average particle diameter Dv/number average particle diameter Dn) of the resin powder is 1.35 or less. In preferred embodiments, an average circularity of the resin powder is 0.975 or greater, and the polyolefin-based resin is a block copolymerized polypropylene resin.

Abstract: A foam sheet includes a composition containing an aliphatic polyester resin, and the foam sheet has a surface roughness Sa (i.e. arithmetic average height) of 81 ?m or higher.

Abstract: An extrusion molding die includes an extrusion outlet, a plastic flow channel, and a temperature adjusting channel. The extrusion outlet is configured to extrude a plastic composition including at least one kind of plastic. The plastic flow channel is configured to allow the supplied plastic composition to flow toward the extrusion outlet. The temperature adjusting channel is configured to allow a temperature adjusting medium to flow. The temperature adjusting channel includes three or more temperature adjusting channels arranged around the plastic flow channel. Each of the temperature adjusting channels is arranged at a position in ±10% of (360°/N) in a rotation direction about an extrusion center axis relative to an adjacent temperature adjusting channel, where a number of the temperature adjusting channels is N.

Abstract: A foamed sheet including: a polylactic acid; and a filler, wherein the foamed sheet has a compressive stress of 0.2 Mpa or less when the cushioning coefficient of the foamed sheet is 10 or less; and wherein the foamed sheet has a puncture strength of 2 N or more when the sheet thickness of the foamed sheet is 2 mm.

Abstract: Provided is a resin powder containing a polyolefin-based resin, wherein the average circularity of the resin powder is 0.950 or greater, a logarithmically converted value Log R of the volume resistivity R of the resin powder is 11.5 or less, and the degree of compression of the resin powder is 1.45 or less. An embodiment where the volume average particle diameter of the resin powder is 10 micrometers or greater but 150 micrometers or less, an embodiment where the resin powder further contains an antistatic agent, an embodiment where the antistatic agent is water-insoluble, and an embodiment where the content of the antistatic agent is 0.5% by mass or greater but less than 20% by mass relative to the total amount of the resin powder are preferable.

Abstract: Provided is a resin powder including first particles containing a polyolefin-based resin, wherein surfaces of the first particles are coated with second particles at an average coating ratio of 0.15 or greater, where the average coating ratio is measured with a Material Development Kit (MDK) at a temperature lower than a melting point of the resin powder for producing a three-dimensional object by 15 degrees C.

Abstract: Provided is a resin powder including a polyolefin-based resin, wherein a melting point of the resin powder is 150 degrees C. or higher, wherein a melt mass flow rate (MFR) of the resin powder measured according to JIS K 7210 is 0.35 (g/10 min) or greater but 8.50 (g/10 min) or less, and wherein a particle size distribution (volume average particle diameter Dv/number average particle diameter Dn) of the resin powder is 1.35 or less. In preferred embodiments, an average circularity of the resin powder is 0.975 or greater, and the polyolefin-based resin is a block copolymerized polypropylene resin.

Abstract: A toner is provided. The toner includes toner particles each including a binder resin and a release agent. From 20% to 80% by number of the toner particles satisfy the following formula (1) and (2): 2/3?T/Dv?1.5??(1) 1/3?R/Dv?1.0??(2) wherein Dv represents a volume average particle diameter of the toner particles; and T and R represent the longest cross-sectional diameters of each toner particle and the release agent contained therein, respectively, measured by observing cross-sections of the toner particles with scanning transmission electron microscope.

Abstract: Image forming apparatus, including: image bearer; charging unit for electrically charging image bearer surface; developing unit for developing with toner, electrostatic latent image formed over image bearer by exposure unit for performing light exposure; transfer unit for transferring developed toner to receiving member; and cleaning unit for cleaning toner remaining over image bearer without being transferred, wherein the toner contains: external additives; and base particles made of at least binder resin and colorant, external additive content of the toner is from 4 to 7 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of base particles, primary particles of at least one external additive have a number average particle diameter of 0.01 to 0.05 ?m, cleaning unit includes an elastic-body blade having surface elastic modulus of from 15 to 25 N/mm2 and surface friction coefficient of from 0.5 to 0.7 at an abutment part thereof abutting on image bearer.

Abstract: A toner is provided. The toner includes a crystalline resin and a non-crystalline resin, and has a thermal property such that when the toner is heated after being firstly heated to 60° C. followed by cooling in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the toner has a clear peak specific to melting of the crystalline resin at a temperature T1, and when the toner is heated after being firstly heated to 80° C. followed by cooling in the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the toner does not have a clear peak specific to melting of the crystalline resin at a temperature not higher than the temperature T1.

Abstract: A toner is prepared by wet granulation methods, including a monoester wax having carbon atoms of from 36 to 46 on average as a release agent. The toner has a DSC endothermic energy amount (?H1) originating from the wax of from 10 to 12 mJ/mg and a DSC endothermic energy amount (?H2) originating from the wax of from 0.6 to 0.9 times as much as ?H1 after a part of the wax is separated by hexane extraction from the toner. The hexane extraction includes mixing 1 g of the toner in 7 ml of n-hexane to prepare a mixture; stirring the mixture at 120 rpm for 1 min by a pot mill to prepare a dispersion; and subjecting the dispersion to suction filtration.

Abstract: A toner is provided. The toner includes toner particles each including a binder resin and a release agent. From 20% to 80% by number of the toner particles satisfy the following formulae (1) and (2): 2/3?T/Dv?1.5 ??(1) 1/3?R/Dv?1.0 ??(2) wherein Dv represents a volume average particle diameter of the toner particles; and T and R represent the longest cross-sectional diameters of each toner particle and the release agent contained therein, respectively, measured by observing cross-sections of the toner particles with scanning transmission electron microscope.

Abstract: A toner including: toner particles each including a toner base particle and an external additive attached thereon, where the toner base particle includes a binder resin and a colorant, wherein the toner base particles each have protrusions on a surface thereof, an average of lengths of long sides of the protrusions is 0.10 ?m or more but less than 0.50 ?m, a standard deviation of the lengths of the long sides of the protrusions is 0.2 or less, a coverage rate of the protrusions on the surface of the toner base particle is 10% to 90%, and the external additive includes fine inorganic particles whose surfaces have been treated with an amino group-containing silane coupling agent.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided which includes an image bearer, a charger, an irradiator, a developing device to develop an electrostatic latent image on the image bearer with a toner to form a toner image, a transfer device to transfer the toner image onto a transfer medium, and a cleaner to remove toner particles remaining on the image bearer without being transferred. The toner includes a mother particle including a binder resin and a colorant and one or more external additives. At least one of the external additives includes primary particles having a number average particle diameter in the range of 0.05 to 0.30 ?m. The cleaner includes an elastic body blade having a contact part with the image bearer. The contact part has a surface elastic modulus in the range of 15 to 25 N/mm2 and a surface friction coefficient in the range of 0.5 to 0.7.

Abstract: A toner including: a core particle containing at least a binder resin, a colorant and a releasing agent; and a shell on a surface of the core particle, wherein the toner gives a supernatant having a transmittance of 50% to 95% with respect to light having a wavelength of 800 nm, where the supernatant is formed after 3 g of the toner is added to 40 g of ion-exchange water containing 0.5% by mass of sodium dodecyl sulfate, followed by stirring for 90 min and by irradiating with ultrasonic waves of 20 kHz and 80 W for 5 min, and a liquid containing the toner dispersed therein is centrifugated at 3,000 rpm for 5 min.

Abstract: An electrostatic image developing toner including: toner base particles each including a binder resin and a colorant; and an external additive, wherein the toner base particles each have protrusions on a surface thereof, an average of lengths of long sides of the protrusions is 0.1 ?m or more but less than 0.5 ?m, a standard deviation of the lengths of the long sides of the protrusions is 0.2 or less, a coverage rate of the protrusions on the surface of each toner base particle is 10% to 90%, and the external additive includes an external additive (A) which is fine inorganic particles each containing silicone oil.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided which includes an image bearer, a charger, an irradiator, a developing device to develop an electrostatic latent image on the image bearer with a toner to form a toner image, a transfer device to transfer the toner image onto a transfer medium, and a cleaner to remove toner particles remaining on the image bearer without being transferred. The toner includes a mother particle including a binder resin and a colorant and one or more external additives. At least one of the external additives includes primary particles having a number average particle diameter in the range of 0.05 to 0.30 ?m. The cleaner includes an elastic body blade having a contact part with the image bearer. The contact part has a surface elastic modulus in the range of 15 to 25 N/mm2 and a surface friction coefficient in the range of 0.5 to 0.7.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including: an electrostatic latent image bearing member; an electrostatic latent image forming unit configured to form an electrostatic latent image on the electrostatic latent image bearing member; and a developing unit containing a toner and configured to develop the electrostatic latent image with the toner to thereby form a visible image, wherein the developing unit is a contact type one-component developing unit which includes a toner bearing member being in contact with the electrostatic latent image bearing member, wherein a contact pressure between the electrostatic latent image bearing member and the toner bearing member is 2.0×104 N/m2 to 7.5×104 N/m2, wherein the toner contains a binder resin and a releasing agent, and wherein an extracted amount of the releasing agent extracted with hexane from the toner is 10 mg/g to 25 mg/g.