Abstract: A method for driving an internal combustion engine is a method for reducing nitrogen oxides in emissions of the internal combustion engine, and includes a process of introducing air, which has a low oxygen concentration and contains no emissions, into the internal combustion engine, and a process of mixing humidifying water with a hydrocarbon fuel and injecting the mixture into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine as an emulsion fuel.

Abstract: Provided are a method for reducing a nitrogen oxide in an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, a membrane module, an apparatus for reducing a nitrogen oxide from an internal combustion engine using the membrane module, and an internal combustion engine apparatus. A method for reducing a nitrogen oxide in an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, the method comprising: a step of bringing pressurized air into contact with one surface of a steam permeable membrane (11), and allowing water to flow along the other surface of the steam permeable membrane (11) to moisturize the pressurized air; and a step of introducing the moisturized air into the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A main object is to provide a method, a membrane module and a purified water manufacturing device that demonstrate a performance of manufacturing water stably for a long period of time and lower a salt concentration in purified water. In the method, raw water is made to flow along one surface of a gas-permeable membrane, vapor permeated through the gas-permeable membrane is condensed, and the purified water is obtained.

Abstract: A method for driving an internal combustion engine is a method for reducing nitrogen oxides in emissions of the internal combustion engine, and includes a process of introducing air, which has a low oxygen concentration and contains no emissions, into the internal combustion engine, and a process of mixing humidifying water with a hydrocarbon fuel and injecting the mixture into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine as an emulsion fuel.

Abstract: To provide a method of reducing a nitrogen oxide in an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, an apparatus for reducing a nitrogen oxide, and an internal combustion engine system that can effectively reduce a nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine in a simple manner. A method of reducing a nitrogen oxide in an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine includes: a step of moisturizing air at a pressure equal to or lower than atmospheric pressure by bringing the air into contact with one surface of a steam permeable membrane (11) while flowing water along the other surface of the steam permeable membrane (11); and a step of introducing the moisturized air into the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Provided are a method for reducing a nitrogen oxide in an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, a membrane module, an apparatus for reducing a nitrogen oxide from an internal combustion engine using the membrane module, and an internal combustion engine apparatus. A method for reducing a nitrogen oxide in an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, the method comprising: a step of bringing pressurized air into contact with one surface of a steam permeable membrane (11), and allowing water to flow along the other surface of the steam permeable membrane (11) to moisturize the pressurized air; and a step of introducing the moisturized air into the internal combustion engine.