Abstract: To provide a railroad vehicle 10 capable of controlling a private room temperature and a guest room temperature with a simple configuration without increasing the number of manufacturing steps and without requiring complicated control while using a common air conditioner in view of the fact that the number of passengers of a private room and the number of passengers of a general guest room are largely different from each other in many cases, which causes a change in indoor temperature.

Abstract: A cooling system for an onboard electrical power converter in which a heat dissipation surface extends parallel to a flow of cooling air draft includes: a coolant tank containing coolant that includes a bottom surface being in thermal contact with the heat dissipation surface; a first conduit provided connecting to an upper surface of the coolant tank, the coolant flowing into the first conduit; a heat exchanger that comprises second conduits arranged with opposing the upper surface, and conducts the coolant to upstream; and a return unit that returns the coolant to the coolant tank; wherein the heat exchanger comprises heat dissipation fins through which the cooling air draft passes from a first to a second side, the heat dissipation fins being provided on surfaces of the second conduits, the first side not facing the coolant tank and the second side facing the coolant tank.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus, such as a blade server or the like, has a cooling system for efficiently cooling a plurality of heat generating semiconductor devices, such as a CPU, mounted on blades which is freely put on and taken off. The cooling system includes a thermosiphon which transfers heat from devices having relatively high heat generation, such as CPU or the like, to the outside of the apparatus, heat pipes which transfer heat of devices having relatively low heat generation to the thermosiphon, a thermal highway which is thermally coupled to the thermosiphon by the mounting of blades into a housing and collects and transfers the heat from the thermosiphon and the heat pipes, and a condenser which transfers the heat collected and transferred by the thermal highway outside a housing.

Abstract: A server system with a cooling ability that can cope with an increase in the amount of heat generated by a CPU of a server module detachably mounted on a blade server. The server module includes an enclosure accommodating therein a motherboard on which a CPU, memory, and the like are mounted, and part of a boil cooling device for cooling heat generated by the CPU. A fan accommodated in a fan module is adapted to blow air into the server module through an opening of the server module enclosure. The boil cooling device includes a first heat transmission member disposed in the server module enclosure, a second heat transmission member disposed outside the server module enclosure, and a plurality of pipes connecting them. The first heat transmission member is a box body with an internal space for hermetically sealing a refrigerant therein, one external planar face of which is thermally connected to the CPU and the other external planar face of which is provided with a heat sink.

Abstract: A cooling system for an onboard electrical power converter in which a heat dissipation surface extends parallel to a flow of cooling air draft includes: a coolant tank containing coolant that includes a bottom surface being in thermal contact with the heat dissipation surface; a first conduit provided connecting to an upper surface of the coolant tank, the coolant flowing into the first conduit; a heat exchanger that comprises second conduits arranged with opposing the upper surface, and conducts the coolant to upstream; and a return unit that returns the coolant to the coolant tank; wherein the heat exchanger comprises heat dissipation fins through which the cooling air draft passes from a first to a second side, the heat dissipation fins being provided on surfaces of the second conduits, the first side not facing the coolant tank and the second side facing the coolant tank.

Abstract: A blade server including a cooling structure to be loaded with a CPU of high performance is provided. In order to enhance draining performance of a condensed working fluid which stays between fins, a vapor condensing pipe is used, in which grooves are formed in a direction substantially parallel direction with a pipe axis direction on the above described pipe inner surface, a section of a row of the above described fins is exposed on a side surface of the above described groove, the above described groove is disposed at a lower side in the vertical direction from the center line in the pipe axis direction of the vapor condensing pipe when the above described groove is installed in the above described vapor condensing pipe, and a wick with a wire space smaller than the fin space of the above described fin row is filled inside the above described groove.

Abstract: An electronic device comprises: a housing; blades each of which is detachable from the housing and on each of which at least CPU and a memory are mounted; first cooling devices each of that takes out heat generated in the blade outside the blade, each of said first cooling device having a heat release part in the form of an elongate column to be fixed to the blade; second cooling devices fixed to the housing to discharge heat transported from the first cooling devices outside the housing, each of said second cooling devices having a heat absorbing part, which is capable of containing the heat release part of the first cooling device; medium reservoirs each of which is put in fluid communication with a clearance, which is formed between the heat release part and the heat absorbing part when the heat release part is inserted into the heat absorbing part; a heat conducting medium stored in each of the medium reservoirs; pressurizing devices for pressurizing the heat conducting medium to supply the heat conductin

Abstract: It is an object to provide a cooling device for optimally cooling a semiconductor device on a CPU blade which is detachable with respect to an electronic apparatus using the cooling device with compact structure for reducing power consumption. A cooling device for cooling a semiconductor device disposed on an electronic circuit substrate in a casing of an electronic apparatus, comprising a first cooling unit comprising a first heat absorbing portion and a first heat releasing portion, and a second cooling unit comprising a second heat absorbing portion and a second heat releasing portion, wherein the first heat absorbing portion is disposed in contact with the semiconductor device, the second heat absorbing portion is detachably disposed in contact with the first heat releasing portion, a phase-change refrigerant is contained in the first cooling unit, and the second heat releasing portion is disposed outside the casing.

Abstract: A server system with a cooling ability that can cope with an increase in the amount of heat generated by a CPU of a server module detachably mounted on a blade server. The server module includes an enclosure accommodating therein a motherboard on which a CPU, memory, and the like are mounted, and part of a boil cooling device for cooling heat generated by the CPU. A fan accommodated in a fan module is adapted to blow air into the server module through an opening of the server module enclosure. The boil cooling device includes a first heat transmission member disposed in the server module enclosure, a second heat transmission member disposed outside the server module enclosure, and a plurality of pipes connecting them. The first heat transmission member is a box body with an internal space for hermetically sealing a refrigerant therein, one external planar face of which is thermally connected to the CPU and the other external planar face of which is provided with a heat sink.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus, such as a blade server or the like, has a cooling system for efficiently cooling a plurality of heat generating semiconductor devices, such as a CPU, mounted on blades which is freely put on and taken off. The cooling system includes a thermosiphon which transfers heat from devices having relatively high heat generation, such as CPU or the like, to the outside of the apparatus, heat pipes which transfer heat of devices having relatively low heat generation to the thermosiphon, a thermal highway which is thermally coupled to the thermosiphon by the mounting of blades into a housing and collects and transfers the heat from the thermosiphon and the heat pipes, and a condenser which transfers the heat collected and transferred by the thermal highway outside a housing.

Abstract: An electronic device comprises: a housing; blades each of which is detachable from the housing and on each of which at least CPU and a memory are mounted; first cooling devices each of that takes out heat generated in the blade outside the blade, each of said first cooling device having a heat release part in the form of an elongate column to be fixed to the blade; second cooling devices fixed to the housing to discharge heat transported from the first cooling devices outside the housing, each of said second cooling devices having a heat absorbing part, which is capable of containing the heat release part of the first cooling device; medium reservoirs each of which is put in fluid communication with a clearance, which is formed between the heat release part and the heat absorbing part when the heat release part is inserted into the heat absorbing part; a heat conducting medium stored in each of the medium reservoirs; pressurizing devices for pressurizing the heat conducting medium to supply the heat conductin

Abstract: A blade server including a cooling structure to be loaded with a CPU of high performance is provided. In order to enhance draining performance of a condensed working fluid which stays between fins, a vapor condensing pipe is used, in which grooves are formed in a direction substantially parallel direction with a pipe axis direction on the above described pipe inner surface, a section of a row of the above described fins is exposed on a side surface of the above described groove, the above described groove is disposed at a lower side in the vertical direction from the center line in the pipe axis direction of the vapor condensing pipe when the above described groove is installed in the above described vapor condensing pipe, and a wick with a wire space smaller than the fin space of the above described fin row is filled inside the above described groove.

Abstract: A semiconductor wafer back-surface grinding method, for grinding a back surface of a semiconductor wafer, an opposed front surface of the semiconductor wafer being adhered to a support base material and being provided with a circuit pattern, including: measuring an initial thickness of the semiconductor wafer before grinding, in a condition where the support base material is adhered to the front surface of the semiconductor wafer; obtaining a cutting depth by subtracting a set final thickness measured after grinding from the initial thickness; and grinding the back surface of the semiconductor wafer, based on the cutting depth.

Abstract: A wafer processing method is provided comprising the steps of: holding a wafer (20) having devices formed on its front surface (21) so that a back surface (22) of the wafer is exposed; grinding the back surface of the wafer to form a brittle fracture layer (Z) on the back surface; and polishing the back surface of the wafer entirely so that the brittle fracture layer remains partially. It is possible to improve the strength of the wafer and reduce its surface roughness while allowing utilization of a gettering effect. It is also preferable to remove only an outermost layer of the back surface of the wafer. Further, it is preferable that the wafer is polished by at least one of wet polishing, dry polishing, wet etching and dry etching.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a cooling device for optimally cooling a semiconductor device on a CPU blade which is detachable with respect to an electronic apparatus using the cooling device with compact structure for reducing power consumption. A cooling device for cooling a semiconductor device disposed on an electronic circuit substrate in a casing of an electronic apparatus, comprising a first cooling unit comprising a first heat absorbing portion and a first heat releasing portion, and a second cooling unit comprising a second heat absorbing portion and a second heat releasing portion, wherein the first heat absorbing portion is disposed in contact with the semiconductor device, the second heat absorbing portion is detachably disposed in contact with the first heat releasing portion, a phase-change refrigerant is contained in the first cooling unit, and the second heat releasing portion is disposed outside the casing.

Abstract: A wafer processing apparatus (10) has a grinder (80) for grinding the back surface (22) of a wafer (20) on whose front surface (21) a circuit pattern (C) has been formed, and a die attachment paste applicator (30) for applying die attachment paste on the entire back surface of the wafer ground by the grinder. With this arrangement, die attachment paste can be applied to a wafer in a short period of time without using a film. The die attachment paste applicator is either a spin-coater (30A) that spin-coats die attachment paste supplied on the back surface of a wafer, or a screen-printing device (30B) that screen-prints die attachment paste on the back surface of a wafer.

Abstract: A semiconductor wafer back-surface grinding method, for grinding a back surface of a semiconductor wafer, an opposed front surface of the semiconductor wafer being adhered to a support base material and being provided with a circuit pattern, including: measuring an initial thickness of the semiconductor wafer before grinding, in a condition where the support base material is adhered to the front surface of the semiconductor wafer; obtaining a cutting depth by subtracting a set final thickness measured after grinding from the initial thickness; and grinding the back surface of the semiconductor wafer, based on the cutting depth.

Abstract: An NC controller determines a subsequent point sequence position in each sampling by interpolation calculation with a section between a corner cutting starting point and a corner cutting end point as a machined section. The NC controller then internally calculates a spindle rotating angle in a coordinate position where an outer end of a cutting edge is positioned at the subsequent point sequence position. Based on the spindle rotating angle and the substantial diameter of the rotary tool, the NC controller internally calculates coordinate values of the spindle at the subsequent point sequence position. Based on the coordinate values of the spindle, the rotary tool and a workpiece are relatively shifted on a plane parallel to the bottom surface of the tool while the spindle rotation is controlled in synchronization with the shifting, thereby cutting the corner.

Abstract: Numeric controller (3) for controlling a rotating mechanism (1) having a rotor rotated by a linearly moving driving source has a rotating position command means (311) for transmitting angular position commanding value (&thgr;), a radius setting means (312) for setting rotation radius (R) of the rotor, and a linear position operation means (313) for operating linear position command value (L) of the driving source based on the angular position command value (&thgr;) and the rotation radius (R). Since the linear position operation means (313) is provided, the linear position command value (L) can be calculated to drive the driving source only by commanding angular position command value (&thgr;), thereby facilitating to construct programs inputted to the numeric controller.

Abstract: A position control system, capable of correcting the positional deviation between mechanically related control axes. The position control system comprises a structural body having a Y-shaft supported by a fixed member so that two end portions can move in a vertical direction and a main shaft provided in this shaft so that it can move in a horizontal direction, servo motors for driving the two end portions, a servo motor for driving the main shaft, and a control device for performing the servo control of the servo motors. The control device adjusts the positions of the two end portions of the Y-shaft in accordance with the position of the main shaft with respect to the Y-shaft at the position control to correct the positional deviation from the target position of the main shaft in the vertical direction.