Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a substrate, and a magnetic recording layer including magnetic grains having an L10 structure. The magnetic recording layer is (001) oriented, and a surface of growth of the magnetic recording layer includes a (001) plane, a (111) plane, and planes equivalent to the (111) plane. An area ratio of the (111) plane and the planes equivalent to the (111) plane, represented by (A111+A111e)/(A001+A111+A111e), is in a range of 0.2 to 0.7, where A111 denotes an area of the (111) plane, A111e denotes an area of the planes equivalent to the (111) plane, and A001 denotes an area of the (001) plane.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a substrate, and a magnetic recording layer including magnetic grains having an L10 structure. The magnetic recording layer is (001) oriented, and a surface of growth of the magnetic recording layer includes a (001) plane, a (111) plane, and planes equivalent to the (111) plane. An area ratio of the (111) plane and the planes equivalent to the (111) plane, represented by (A111+A111e)/(A001+A111+A111e), is in a range of 0.2 to 0.7, where A111 denotes an area of the (111) plane, A111e denotes an area of the planes equivalent to the (111) plane, and A001 denotes an area of the (001) plane.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a magnesium oxide underlayer including magnesium oxide, and a magnetic layer including an alloy having a L10 structure and includes Fe or Co and Pt. The magnesium oxide has a peak of an O1s spectrum detected in a range of 531 eV to 533 eV when measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a substrate, an underlayer provided on the substrate, and a magnetic layer provided on the underlayer and having a L10 structure and a (001) orientation. The magnetic layer has a granular structure in which an organic compound having a methylene skeleton or a methine skeleton is arranged at grain boundaries of magnetic grains.

Abstract: A heat-assisted magnetic recording medium includes: a substrate; an underlayer; and a magnetic layer including an alloy having an L10 structure, wherein the underlayer includes, from the substrate side, a bcc underlayer including a substance having a bcc structure, a first oxide layer that is in contact with the bcc underlayer, and a second oxide layer that is in contact with the magnetic layer. The bcc underlayer, the first oxide layer, and the second oxide layer are stacked in the recited order. The first oxide layer and the second oxide layer include magnesium oxide, and the second oxide layer further includes one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of vanadium oxide, vanadium nitride, and vanadium carbide.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a substrate, an underlayer, and a magnetic layer that are arranged in this order. The magnetic layer has a granular structure including magnetic grains having a L10 crystal structure, and grain boundary parts having a volume fraction in a range of 25 volume % to 50 volume %. The magnetic grains have a c-axis orientation with respect to the substrate. The grain boundary parts include a material having a lattice constant in a range of 0.30 nm to 0.36 nm, or in a range of 0.60 nm to 0.72 nm.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes: a substrate; an underlayer; and a magnetic layer including an alloy having a L10 structure and a (001) orientation, wherein the substrate, the underlayer, and the magnetic layer are stacked in the recited order, and wherein the magnetic layer has a granular structure and includes a carbon hydride, a boron hydride, or a boron nitride hydride.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a substrate, an underlayer formed on the substrate, and a magnetic layer formed on the underlayer. The magnetic layer includes an alloy having a L10 structure. The underlayer includes a first underlayer and a second underlayer. The first underlayer includes Mo and Ru, the content of Ru in the first underlayer is in a range of 5 atom % to 30 atom %, and the second underlayer includes a material having a body-centered cubic (BCC) structure. The second underlayer is formed between the first underlayer and the substrate.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes a substrate, an underlayer, and a magnetic layer that are arranged in this order. The magnetic layer has a granular structure including magnetic grains having a L10 crystal structure, and grain boundary parts having a volume fraction in a range of 25 volume % to 50 volume %. The magnetic grains have a c-axis orientation with respect to the substrate. The grain boundary parts include a material having a lattice constant in a range of 0.30 nm to 0.36 nm, or in a range of 0.60 nm to 0.72 nm.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes: a substrate; an underlayer; a magnetic layer including an alloy having an L10 type crystal structure; and a protective layer, wherein the substrate, the underlayer, the magnetic layer, and the protective layer are stacked in the recited order. A pinning layer is further included between the magnetic layer and the protective layer, and the pinning layer includes a magnetic material including Co and includes at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ag, Au, and Al.

Abstract: A heat-assisted magnetic recording medium includes: a substrate; an underlayer; and a magnetic layer including an alloy having an L10 structure. The substrate, the underlayer, and the magnetic layer are stacked in the recited order. The underlayer includes a first underlayer. The first underlayer includes magnesium oxide and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of vanadium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, vanadium nitride, and vanadium carbide, and a total content of the one or more compounds is in a range of 45 mol % to 70 mol %.

Abstract: A heat-assisted magnetic recording medium includes a substrate, an underlayer, and a magnetic layer including an alloy having a L10 crystal structure and first and second layers, arranged in this order. Each of the first and second layers has a granular structure including C, SiO2, and BN at grain boundaries. Vol % of the grain boundaries in each of the first and second layers is 25 to 45 vol %. Vol % of C in the first layer is 5 to 22 vol %, and a volume ratio of SiO2 with respect to BN in each of the first and second layers is 0.25 to 3.5. Vol % of SiO2 in the second layer is greater than that of the first layer by 5 vol % or more. Vol % of BN in the second layer is smaller than that in the first layer by 2 vol % or more.

Abstract: A heat-assisted magnetic recording medium includes a substrate, an underlayer, and a magnetic layer including an alloy having a L10 crystal structure and first and second layers, arranged in this order. Each of the first and second layers has a granular structure including C, SiO2, and BN at grain boundaries. Vol % of the grain boundaries in each of the first and second layers is 25 to 45 vol %. Vol % of C in the first layer is 5 to 22 vol %, and a volume ratio of SiO2 with respect to BN in each of the first and second layers is 0.25 to 3.5. Vol % of SiO2 in the second layer is greater than that of the first layer by 5 vol % or more. Vol % of BN in the second layer is smaller than that in the first layer by 2 vol % or more.

Abstract: A heat-assisted magnetic recording medium includes: a substrate; an underlayer; and a magnetic layer that is (001)-oriented. In the magnetic layer, a first magnetic layer and a second magnetic layer are stacked in this order from the underlayer side. The first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer include an alloy having an L10 structure. The second magnetic layer includes a ferrite at grain boundaries of magnetic grains. The ferrite is one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of NiFe2O4, MgFe2O4, MnFe2O4, CuFe2O4, ZnFe2O3, CoFe2O4, BaFe2O4, SrFe2O4, and Fe3O4. A Curie temperature of the magnetic grains is lower than a Curie temperature of the ferrite.

Abstract: A heat-assisted magnetic recording medium includes: a substrate; an underlayer; and a magnetic layer that is (001)-oriented. In the magnetic layer, a first magnetic layer and a second magnetic layer are stacked in this order from the underlayer side. The first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer include an alloy having an L10 structure. The second magnetic layer includes a ferrite at grain boundaries of magnetic grains. The ferrite is one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of NiFe2O4, MgFe2O4, MnFe2O4, CuFe2O4, ZnFe2O3, CoFe2O4, BaFe2O4, SrFe2O4, and Fe3O4. A Curie temperature of the magnetic grains is lower than a Curie temperature of the ferrite.

Abstract: A heat-assisted magnetic recording medium includes: a substrate; an underlayer; and a magnetic layer including an alloy having an L10 structure. The substrate, the underlayer, and the magnetic layer are stacked in the recited order. The underlayer includes a first underlayer. The first underlayer includes magnesium oxide and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of vanadium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, vanadium nitride, and vanadium carbide, and a total content of the one or more compounds is in a range of 45 mol % to 70 mol %.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes: a substrate; an underlayer; a magnetic layer including an alloy having an L10 type crystal structure; and a protective layer, wherein the substrate, the underlayer, the magnetic layer, and the protective layer are stacked in the recited order. A pinning layer is further included between the magnetic layer and the protective layer, and the pinning layer includes a magnetic material including Co and includes at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ag, Au, and Al.

Abstract: A heat-assisted magnetic recording medium includes: a substrate; an underlayer; and a magnetic layer including an alloy having an L10 structure, wherein the underlayer includes, from the substrate side, a bcc underlayer including a substance having a bcc structure, a first oxide layer that is in contact with the bcc underlayer, and a second oxide layer that is in contact with the magnetic layer. The bcc underlayer, the first oxide layer, and the second oxide layer are stacked in the recited order. The first oxide layer and the second oxide layer include magnesium oxide, and the second oxide layer further includes one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of vanadium oxide, vanadium nitride, and vanadium carbide.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes: a substrate; an underlayer; and a magnetic layer including an alloy having a L10 structure and a (001) orientation, wherein the substrate, the underlayer, and the magnetic layer are stacked in the recited order, and wherein the magnetic layer has a granular structure and includes a carbon hydride, a boron hydride, or a boron nitride hydride.

Abstract: A magnetic recording device includes a substrate, an intermediate layer disposed on the substrate, a magnetic recording layer disposed on the intermediate layer, and a graphene overcoat disposed on the magnetic recording layer. The graphene overcoat includes at least one layer of a graphene monoatomic layer which is a sheet-like monoatomic layer of sp2 bonded carbon atoms. A transition layer is interposed between the graphene overcoat and the magnetic recording layer. The transition layer includes carbon and at least one metal of the magnetic recording layer.