Abstract: The electron-emitting device is configured such that an inclination angle ?2 of a lower portion from a height-direction intermediate portion to the lower end is larger than the inclination angle ?1 of an upper portion from a lower edge of the concave portion to a height-direction intermediate portion. And, an electric resistance of a lower cathode portion which is a portion of the lower portion of the cathode is larger than that of an upper cathode portion which is a portion of the upper portion of the cathode.

Abstract: In an electron beam apparatus including an electron emission element and an anode, the electron emission element includes a gate 5 and a cathode 6 having a projection portion. The gate 5 and the cathode 6 are located in a surface of an insulating member 3 including a recess 7. The projection portion of the cathode 6 has a height distribution, and an average value dav (m) of a shortest distance between the gate 5 and the projection portion of the cathode 6 and a difference h (m) between the average value dav and a shortest distance dmin (m) from the gate 5 to a maximum convex portion of the projection portion of the cathode 6 satisfy a relationship of h/dav<0.39.

Abstract: Provided is an electron-emitting device including an insulating member and a gate stacked on a substrate. A cathode is disposed on a side surface of the insulating member. The cathode has a plurality of protrusions provided along a corner of the insulating member. The gate has a plurality of protrusions extending toward the cathode.

Abstract: In an electron beam apparatus including a lamination electron emitting device, it is an object to enhance electron emission efficiency by controlling an electron emission point at which electrons are emitted. In the device, an insulating member and a gate are formed on a substrate, a recess portion is formed in the insulating member, a protruding portion protruding from an edge of the recess portion toward the gate is provided at an end in opposition to the gate, of a cathode 6 arranged on a side surface of the insulating member, and convex portions at a distance of not less than 1 nm and not more than 5 nm from the gate in a width direction of the protruding portion are included in a density of 10% or less in a width direction of the cathode.

Abstract: A liquid discharging head is appropriately driven to effectively prevent a satellite from being generated irrespective of conditions such as a property of a discharge liquid or a head structure. The liquid discharging head is driven using volume variation in a manner that a liquid extending in a column shape at the time of separating a liquid droplet (main droplet) is gradually thickened from the separation portion to a discharge port, and that the liquid protrudes from the discharge port during a period where the length of the liquid extending in the column shape is shortened after the droplet is separated. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively prevent a liquid column from further being separated after the main droplet is separated, and to restrict the satellite from being generated, irrespective of conditions such as the property of the discharge liquid or the head structure.

Abstract: Deformation of a gate by Coulomb force generated when operating an electron-emitting device is inhibited by appropriately maintaining relationship between film thickness h of the gate and distance L from an outer surface of an insulating member to an inner surface of a concave portion. According to this, in an electron beam apparatus provided with a laminate-type electron-emitting device, the deformation of the gate is prevented to reduce variation in electron emission characteristics, thereby preventing the element from being broken.

Abstract: In an electron beam apparatus including an electron emission element and an anode, the electron emission element includes a gate 5 and a cathode 6 having a projection portion. The gate 5 and the cathode 6 are located in a surface of an insulating member 3 including a recess 7. The projection portion of the cathode 6 has a height distribution, and an average value day (m) of a shortest distance between the gate 5 and the projection portion of the cathode 6 and a difference h (m) between the average value day and a shortest distance dmin (m) from the gate 5 to a maximum convex portion of the projection portion of the cathode 6 satisfy a relationship of h/day<0.39.

Abstract: In an image display apparatus, each sub-pixel includes a phosphor configured to emit light of a predetermined color when the phosphor is irradiated with electrons, an electron emission device configured to irradiate the phosphor with the electrons, and a resistor connected in series to the electron emission device and having a negative temperature characteristic of resistance. In three or more sub-pixels with different luminescent colors included in each pixel, the resistor is configured such that a sub-pixel having a phosphor with a smaller temperature dependency of luminescent brightness has a resistor with a greater activation energy, or the resistor is configured such that the resistor is made of the same material for the three or more sub-pixel and such that a sub-pixel having a phosphor with a smaller temperature dependency of luminescent brightness has a resistor with a greater resistance.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus includes a plurality of light emitting devices including luminous bodies, and a plurality of resistors made of the same material having negative resistance-temperature characteristics, the plurality of resistors being connected respectively in series to the plurality of light emitting devices. When the plurality of resisters are at the same temperature, one or ones among the plurality of resistors, which exhibit higher temperatures during driving, have larger resistance values than other among the plurality of resistors, which exhibit lower temperatures during the driving.

Abstract: An ink jet head having: a common ink chamber for storing an ink supplied from an ink supply part; an ink supply path for supplying the ink stored in the common ink chamber; a pressure chamber to which the ink is supplied via the ink supply path; and a nozzle for discharging the ink in the pressure chamber in accordance with a pressure change in the pressure chamber. The components being constructed by stacking a plurality of thin plate members, wherein a plurality of the ink supply paths are arranged in parallel.

Abstract: An inkjet recording head includes a base member, an ink channel unit, a plurality of piezoelectric elements, and a dynamic vibration absorber. The ink channel unit is formed with a plurality of nozzle holes and a plurality of ink pressure chambers. The ink channel unit includes a diaphragm that defines part of each ink pressure chamber. Each piezoelectric element has one end fixed to the base member and another end attached to the diaphragm. Each piezoelectric element generates displacement in a displacement direction for deforming the diaphragm to eject ink droplets through a corresponding one of the plurality of nozzle holes. The dynamic vibration absorber is mounted on the base member for damping vibrations of the base member due to a resonance, the resonance occurring in a frequency range less than or equal to a predetermined frequency.

Abstract: A liquid discharging head is appropriately driven to effectively prevent a satellite from being generated irrespective of conditions such as a property of a discharge liquid or a head structure. The liquid discharging head is driven using volume variation in a manner that a liquid extending in a column shape at the time of separating a liquid droplet (main droplet) is gradually thickened from the separation portion to an discharge port, and that the liquid protrudes from the discharge port during a period where the length of the liquid extending in the column shape is shortened after the droplet is separated. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively prevent a liquid column from further being separated after the main droplet is separated, and to restrict the satellite from being generated, irrespective of conditions such as the property of the discharge liquid or the head structure.

Abstract: An inkjet head includes a common ink puddle section, a nozzle plate having a plurality of nozzle orifices, an ink flow channel substrate having grooves communicating from the common ink puddle section to the nozzle orifices, and being formed alternatively in front and back surfaces of the ink flow channel substrate, to end sections of the grooves the nozzle plate being fixed, a chamber plate being stacked on the ink flow channel substrate, and having pressure generation chambers corresponding to the nozzle orifices, a diaphragm stacking on the chamber plate opposite from the ink flow channel substrate, a pressure generator provided on the diaphragm for the respective pressure generation chambers to generate a change in an internal pressure. Preferably, a volumetric capacity of the pressure generation chambers is changed in accordance with a change in the pressure, to eject an ink droplet from the nozzle orifice.

Abstract: A housing of inkjet head has a projection that is formed with a plurality of opening grooves defined between adjacent two of projecting parts, and tip ends of the projecting parts are fixed to a diaphragm plate. Piezoelectric elements are inserted in respective opening grooves and fixed to a diaphragm of the diaphragm plate at positions opposite respective pressure chambers.

Abstract: A chamber support plate of an inkjet head is formed as a member different from a housing. The chamber support plate is formed with a plurality of grooves at high density by a dicing saw or the like. Piezoelectric elements are inserted into the grooves and adhered to a chamber plate. The plurality of grooves define comb teeth portions, which support the chamber plate at positions between adjacent piezoelectric elements.

Abstract: An inkjet recording head includes: a nozzle plate having nozzles arranged in a row; a plurality of pressure generating chambers communicating to the nozzles, the plurality of pressure generating chambers including a first pressure generating chamber and a second pressure generating chamber; a diaphragm formed on one face of the pressure generating chamber; a common ink chamber for supplying the ink to the plurality of pressure generating chambers; and a piezoelectric element for displacing the diaphragm. The first pressure generating chamber is disposed on one side of the nozzles and a second pressure generating chamber is disposed on the other side. The first and second pressure generating chambers are opposed to each other across the nozzles so that the central lines of the first and second pressure generating chambers are almost coincident.

Abstract: A chamber support plate of an inkjet head is formed as a member different from a housing. The chamber support plate is formed with a plurality of grooves at high density by a dicing saw or the like. Piezoelectric elements are inserted into the grooves and adhered to a chamber plate. The plurality of grooves define comb teeth portions, which support the chamber plate at positions between adjacent piezoelectric elements.

Abstract: An ink jet head comprising: a common ink chamber for storing an ink supplied from an ink supply part; an ink supply path for supplying the ink stored in the common ink chamber; a pressure chamber to which the ink is supplied via the ink supply path; and a nozzle for discharging the ink in the pressure chamber in accordance with a pressure change in the pressure chamber. The components being constructed by stacking a plurality of thin plate members, wherein a plurality of the ink supply paths are arranged in parallel.

Abstract: An inkjet recording head includes a base member, an ink channel unit, a plurality of piezoelectric elements, and a dynamic vibration absorber. The ink channel unit is formed with a plurality of nozzle holes and a plurality of ink pressure chambers. The ink channel unit includes a diaphragm that defines part of each ink pressure chamber. Each piezoelectric element has one end fixed to the base member and another end attached to the diaphragm. Each piezoelectric element generates displacement in a displacement direction for deforming the diaphragm to eject ink droplets through a corresponding one of the plurality of nozzle holes. The dynamic vibration absorber is mounted on the base member for damping vibrations of the base member due to a resonance, the resonance occurring in a frequency range less than or equal to a predetermined frequency.

Abstract: A housing of inkjet head has a projection that is formed with a plurality of opening grooves defined between adjacent two of projecting parts, and tip ends of the projecting parts are fixed to a diaphragm plate. Piezoelectric elements are inserted in respective opening grooves and fixed to a diaphragm of the diaphragm plate at positions opposite respective pressure chambers.