Abstract: A paper calendering apparatus comprises a nip section for advancing paper sheets formed by at least a pair of rollers, one of which is a metal roller and the other of which is a resilient roller or a metal roller, wherein a gap of equal spacing is formed along the entire width of the roller face at the nip section of the pair of rollers, and is set to less than the thickness of the paper sheet to be finished.

Abstract: According to the bill processing apparatus of the present invention, the damage of bills picked one by one by the bill processing apparatus and the kind of bills are discriminated by a discriminating and judging section, and stacked in a stacking section by damaged and the kind of bills. The stacked bills are bundled by a predetermined number of bills by a binding unit, and stored in a predetermined safe. At this time, a mark is printed on the bundle of improper bills bundled by a predetermined number. Also, when the bundling state of the proper bills is not favorable, the form of the bundle of the proper bills is selected by a bundle form sensor, and stored in the same storing section as the case of the improper bills. Moreover, in dispensing each bundle, the bundling state of the bundle to be dispensed is checked by the bundle form sensor.

Abstract: A calendering apparatus in which a nip portion is formed by a chilled roll, a backing roll and an endless elastic belt arranged over the backing roll, wherein a paper sheet to be treated passes between the chilled roll and the endless elastic belt. Thus, a paper sheet having a remarkably improved smoothness and gloss can be obtained by the calendering apparatus of the present invention using an endless elastic belt having a relatively long length, without the disadvantage of a heat build-up occurring in a usual calendering treatment. A contacting angle between the belt and the backing roll is 30.degree. or less.

Abstract: Disclosed is a high strength spring steel consisting of, in weight percentage, 0.50 to 0.70% C, 1.00 to 2.50% Si, 0.30 to 1.20% Mn, 0.80 to less than 1.20% Cr, 0.05 to 0.3% Mo, 0.05 to 0.30% V, 0.01 to 0.30% Nb, 0.005 to 0.100% Al and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. The steel of the present invention has a high hardness coupled with high toughness and is very useful, especially for springs used in suspension devices or other various industrial machines.

Abstract: Disclosed is a high strength spring steel consisting of, in weight percentage, 0.40 to 0.70% C, 0.50 to 2.00% Si, more than 0.50 to 1.50% Mn, 0.50 to 2.50% Ni, 0.20 to 1.50% Cr, more than 0.60 to 1.50% Mo, 0.01 to 0.50% V, 0.01 to 0.50% Nb, 0.005 to 0.100% Al and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. The steel of the present invention has a high hardness coupled with high toughness and is very useful especially for springs used in suspension devices or other various industrial machines.