Abstract: A spark plug is described having a partially cylindrical insulator element and a housing surrounding the insulator element on the side of a base part. The insulator element and the housing are connected with one another by at least one material bond and/or one friction-lock connection aligned in the radial direction. A compact spark plug can be produced using this type of connection. In particular, the diameter of the spark plug is smaller than the diameter of known spark plugs having the same characteristics.

Abstract: A spark plug is described that includes a housing, an insulator nose attached to the housing, a center electrode inserted through the insulator nose and projecting over the insulator nose tip, an intermediate electrode separated from the center electrode by a first spark gap, and a ground electrode attached to the housing. A solid-state insulating body, which forms a second spark gap in the form of a surface gap passing over the solid-state insulating body, is provided between the intermediate electrode and the ground electrode.

Abstract: A spark plug includes a partially cylindrical insulator element, including a bore hole and a central electrode located in an opening in the base part of the insulator element. The insulator element and the central electrode are connected by at least one metallic soldered connection and/or one metallic welded connection and/or one friction-locked connection aligned in the radial direction.

Abstract: A spark plug is described having a partially cylindrical insulator element and a housing surrounding the insulator element on the side of a base part. The insulator element and the housing are connected with one another by at least one material bond and/or one friction-lock connection aligned in the radial direction. A compact spark plug can be produced using this type of connection. In particular, the diameter of the spark plug is smaller than the diameter of known spark plugs having the same characteristics.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve (1) having an integrated sparkplug for direct injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and for igniting the fuel injected into the combustion chamber has a valve body (7) which, together with a valve closing body (10) operated by a valve needle (9), forms a seal seat. The valve body (7) and to some extent the valve needle (9) are surrounded radially by an insulating body (6). The insulating body (6) is in turn surrounded radially at least in part by a housing body (2). Ignition electrodes (15, 16) are provided on the valve body (7) and the housing body (2). The valve needle (9) has a first metal guide section (9a) guided in a swirl insert (14), a second metal guide section (9b) guided in the insulating body (6) and an insulating section (9c) arranged between the guide sections (9a, 9b). The guide sections (9a, 9b) are connected in a positive manner to the insulating section (9c).

Abstract: An internal combustion engine, for motor vehicles having a direct fuel injection and externally supplied ignition, which has at least one combustion chamber enclosed between a cylinder head and a reciprocating piston displaceable in a cylinder bore, the combustion chamber being closable by at least one inlet valve for air aspiration. To attain extensive homogeneity of the mixture formation in direct fuel injection that assures reliable, thorough combustion of the mixture, the combustion chamber is preceded at its upper end by a chamber, which opens toward the combustion chamber and has an inside cross section that is substantially smaller than the combustion chamber and increases steadily toward the combustion chamber. The injection and ignition take place in the chamber.

Abstract: A sensor connector comprises a conductive outer housing within which is mounted a certain length of shielded able connected to receptacle terminals that receive pins of a sensor. A shield element extends across the inside of the outer housing to provide a shield means between the sensor and the cable leads which, in one embodiment, is stamped and formed, and in another embodiment is a printed circuit board with a ground plane on one side and surface mounted capacitors on the other side interconnected to the terminals for filtering the signal.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve includes a valve needle passing through the valve opening to the valve closing body arranged on the spray outlet end. A closing spring prestresses the valve needle in a direction opposite its opening direction aimed in the direction of spraying, so that the valve closing body is in contact with the valve seat on the spray outlet end when the fuel injection valve is closed. The armature is kept engaged and in contact with the valve needle by means of a bearing spring which acts in the direction of opening by means of a connecting piece arranged between the armature and the valve needle. The connecting piece includes a suitable insulation element for providing insulation against high voltage.

Abstract: A spark plug having a tube-shaped, metal housing, an insulator which is retained by the housing, and an inner conductor arrangement embedded in the insulator, the inner conductor arrangement comprising one connection bolt, one burn-off resistor, one contact pin, and one platinum central electrode, and four ground electrodes, which are bent towards the central electrode and protrude beyond the insulator by the width of their thickness, being secured to the housing, the contact pin being coated and being shortened in its length such that the burn-off resistor is forward-positioned as far as possible towards the spark gap, and the platinum central electrode having a nail shape, whose rear part has a smaller diameter than its front part, which extends out of the insulator.

Abstract: An arrangement for switching a high-voltage switch by optical energy is proposed. The high-voltage switch comprises a number of controllable semiconductor elements, which switch through when illuminated with light. The light energy is transmitted via a light guide or optical fiber rod, and the angle between the light guide or optical fiber rod and the high-voltage switch is from 5.degree. to 20.degree., and the light guide or optical fiber rod is cut obliquely on its end toward the high-voltage switch, producing an elliptical cross section.

Abstract: A spark plug (10), for example for an internal combustion engine, having at least one center electrode (11) (high-voltage electrode) and at least one earth electrode (12), and an insulating spark plug insulator (13) and a creepage spark gap (14) between the center electrode (11) and the earth electrode (12). The creepage spark gap (14) has a pattern of islands comprising electrically-conductive material (16) which are insulated with respect to one another and are located on the outer surface zone of the spark plug insulator (13) or on the surface zone of an insulating material wafer (17) attached to outer surface of the insulator (13) of the spark plug (10).

Abstract: A spark plug for internal combustion engines ensures the formation of two spark paths. These two spark paths are a pure air spark which jumps over from electrode to electrode, and a creepage spark which emerges from the central electrode, creeps along the insulator and then jumps over at the point at the smallest distance between the insulator and the earth electrode. The spark plug includes a cylindrical metal tube which forms a housing and in which the central electrode is arranged, surrounded centrally by an insulator. The earth electrodes mounted on the metal tube are partially bent so that an obtuse bending angle of the bent-over part with respect to the part of the earth electrode which extends in the direction of the rotationally symmetrical longitudinal axis is produced.

Abstract: In a pressure sensor, the force is introduced onto a piezoresistive measuring element via a diaphragm and a punch. Since no exact mechanical adjustment between the diaphragm and the measuring element is necessary, various relatively inexpensive forms of diaphragm with different measuring sensitivity can be used. The punch and the piezoresistive measuring element can be pushed through an opening in the housing and pressed onto the diaphragm so as to provide an interlocking frictional connection between the punch and the measuring element.

Abstract: A connection part for an ignition device, arranged between an ignition coil and a spark plug for incorporating in a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, has an isolation housing, a high voltage switching element located in the isolation housing and during application of a trigger voltage is transferred reversibly in an electrically jump-like fashion to an electrically conductive condition, a first junction element located at one end of the high voltage switching element and connected with one pole of the latter and also connectable with a high voltage terminal of the ignition coil which leads to an output voltage of the ignition coil, a second junction element provided at another end of the high voltage switching element and connected with another pole of the latter and provided for receiving a terminal pin of the spark plug, and an element associated with the isolation housing for increasing a capacity region between the high voltage switching element and the first junction element.

Abstract: A pressure sensor for detecting pressure in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, particularly of a motor vehicle, has a housing, a sensor block arranged in the housing, at least one plunger arranged in the housing, at least one abutment arranged in the housing, a diaphragm closing the housing and contacting the plunger, an electrical evaluating circuit arranged in the housing and including electrical components, and a ceramic plate arranged in the housing so that the sensor block and the electronic components of the evaluating circuit are arranged in the ceramic plate and the ceramic plate at least partially contacts the abutment, and the electrical components of the evaluating circuit being located at a side of the plate which faces the diaphragm.

Abstract: An ignition coil for ignition systems of internal combustion engines of motor vehicles has at least one primary connection part connectable with a voltage source, at least one secondary connection part having at least one connection dome, a pin and a spark plug terminal connected with the pin and attachable to a spark plug mountable in a spark plug recess, and a centering sleeve adapted to the shape of the spark plug recess and allowing for movement clearance, and the centering sleeve is undetachably fastened to the spark plug terminal.

Abstract: A pressure sensor for detecting pressure in a combustion chamber of internal combustion engines has a housing, a sensor element composed of a piezoresistive material and arranged in the housing, a diaphragm, a punch introducing a pressure to be determined onto the sensor element and located between the diaphragm and the sensor element. The punch has a counterbearing, a hybrid has a base, and a preprocessing circuit has electronic components. The sensor element, the hybrid with its base and the electronic components of the preprocessing circuit are located on the counterbearing of the punch.

Abstract: A pressure sensor for detecting pressure in a combustion chamber of internal combustion engines has a housing, a sensor element arranged in the housing and composed of a piezoresistive material, a diaphragm, and a punch arranged between the diaphragm and the sensor element and introducing a pressure to be determined onto the sensor element. The punch has an end facing the sensor element, at least the end of the punch is composed of relatively soft material.

Abstract: A pressure sensor for determination of pressure in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, particularly for motor vehicles has a housing, a membrane associated with the housing, a sensor element, a plunger supplying a pressure to be determined to the sensor element and located in the housing. The housing has at least one housing opening and a shaft and the membrane closing the opening of the housing and is connected with the shaft of the housing in the region of a side wall so that a bottom of the membrane is flexible and a pressure to be determined is transferable to the plunger, a counter bearing for the plunger. A support is provided for a hybrid and composed of ceramic material and located on the counter bearing for the plunger. The sensor element is a piezoresistive measuring element and located on the hybrid so as to produce an electrical signal corresponding to the pressure.

Abstract: A high-voltage switch is suggested, particularly for ignition systems of internal combustion engines, which is characterized by a voltage-controlled electronic high-voltage switching unit which passes suddenly from the blocking state into the conducting state at a preselectable and predetermined voltage. The switching unit uses a state-changing or breakdown diode cascade (8) which switches through the voltage at the secondary winding (5) of an ignition coil (7) only after reaching the ignition voltage at the spark plug (1) of an internal combustion engine.