Abstract: Three dimensional (3D) graph structures are constructed from images captured from subjects. The 3D graph structures are composed of nodes which can be queried to identify presence of anatomical abnormalities, such as multiple sclerosis lesions. As additional images are captured from the subjects over time, 3D graph structures are efficiently updated and analyzed, which reveals the topology and temporal nature of multiple sclerosis disease by exposing novel structural features of the brain through representation of data as interactive 3D projections.

Abstract: A communication module may receive communications from a vehicle. A collision detection module may determine that a collision has occurred at a vehicle based on one or more of the communications received from a vehicle. A participant identification module may identify one or more participants involved in the collision based on one or more communications received from the vehicle. A fault determination module may identify one of the participants as the at-fault participant based on a comparison of a fault determination ruleset to vehicle telematics data included in one or more of the communications received from the vehicle. A claims processing module may determine whether to file an insurance claim associated with one of the participants based on the estimated repair cost.

Abstract: Certain aspects relate to a battery pack for an electric vehicle. Exemplary battery pack includes a first pouch cell and a vent configured to vent the ejecta from the first pouch cell. The first pouch cell includes at least an outer coating, at least a first pair of electrodes, at least a first pair of foil tabs electrically connected to the at least a first pair of electrodes, at least a first insulator layer located substantially between the at least a first pair of foil tabs, a first pouch substantially encompassing the at least a first pair of foil tabs and the at least a first insulator layer, and a first electrolyte within the first pouch. The battery pack is also configured to power at least a propulsor component.

Abstract: The present invention provides soluble RAGE-Fc fusion proteins with increased stability and extended half-life capable of binding endogenous RAGE ligands with high apparent affinity. The present invention also provides methods of making and using stable, soluble RAGE-Fc fusion proteins. These soluble RAGE-Fc fusion proteins are useful as therapeutics based on their ability to bind endogenous RAGE ligands.

Abstract: An example of an apparatus to mint rare events from sports data is provided. The apparatus includes a communications interface to receive sports data from an external source. The sports data is associated with a plurality of events. The apparatus also includes a memory storage unit to store the sports data. In addition, the apparatus includes an analysis engine to identify an event from the plurality of events in the sports data. The apparatus also includes a call engine to call a first oracle. The first oracle is to publish the event on a distributed ledger via a smart contract. A second oracle is to provide criteria to the distributed ledger to determine if the event on the distributed ledger triggers minting. A token associated with the event is minted when triggered.

Abstract: A communication module may receive communications from a vehicle. A collision detection module may determine that a collision has occurred at a vehicle based on one or more of the communications received from a vehicle. A participant identification module may identify one or more participants involved in the collision based on one or more communications received from the vehicle. A fault determination module may identify one of the participants as the at-fault participant based on a comparison of a fault determination ruleset to vehicle telematics data included in one or more of the communications received from the vehicle. A claims processing module may determine whether to file an insurance claim associated with one of the participants based on the estimated repair cost.

Abstract: New dual temperature electrochemical methods and systems for the production of sodium metal from sodium polysulfides have been discovered. The technology provides high conductivity for sodium ions and extended service life for the electrochemical cell.

Abstract: Improved training of optical neural networks is provided. In one example: 1) we choose input and target vectors, we program those into an input vector generator and a measurement unit, respectively, we turn on the optical input source power, and we monitor the electrical signal representing the cost function. 2) we can then modulate two or more controllable elements inside the optical network at different frequencies and look for the size and sign of the corresponding distinct AC variations in the measured cost function, simultaneously giving us the gradients with respect to each element.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for the detection of structural variations and/or repair events in chromosomes by labeling of single-stranded chromatids with probes, which in illustrative embodiments are of different colors. The hybridization pattern of the labeled probes produces a spectral pattern that provides high-resolution detection of structural variations and/or repair events, which for example can facilitate distinction of benign structural variations from deleterious structural variations. Further, the spectral pattern provides information regarding complex structural variations where more than one rearrangement of chromosomal segments may have occurred. Spectral information can be used to generate data tables upon which nodal analysis can be applied to identify structural features of interest.

Abstract: Systems and methods for activation in an optical circuit in accordance with embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes an optical activation circuit, wherein the circuit comprises a directional coupler, an optical-to-electrical conversion circuit, a time delay element, a nonlinear signal conditioner, and a phase shifter. The directional coupler receives an optical input and provides a first portion to the optical-to-electrical conversion circuit and a second portion to the time delay element, the time delay element provides a delayed signal to the phase shifter, and the optical-to-electrical conversion circuit converts an optical signal from the directional coupler to an electrical signal used to activate the phase shifter to shift the phase of the delayed signal.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for designing an analog computer that implements a trained recurrent neural network. A computer simulates a wave-based physical system including a wave propagation domain, a boundary layer that approximates a boundary condition, a source of waves, probes for measuring properties of propagated waves, a material within a central region of the wave propagation domain. The simulation also includes a discretized numerical model of a differential equation describing dynamics of wave propagation in the physical system.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for encoding and retrieving data into nucleic acid memory for storage. More specifically, data is encoded into spatial locations within a nucleic acid architecture, which allows the data to be retrieved using super resolution microscopy. The data is then interrogated for errors, the errors corrected, and the data is then decoded.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a system and method for using a pressurized oxy-fired configuration to conduct metal reduction. The invention discloses a process for production of metal from metal oxide ore through reduction, comprising: (a) feeding a mixture of metal oxide ore, fuel and supply of oxygen into the inlet of a metallization reactor, (b) heating the mixture of metal oxide ore, oxygen and fuel in a primary reduction zone of the metallization reactor at a pressure exceeding ambient pressure to produce a product mixture; and (c) separating the product mixture in a gas separation unit at the bottom or downstream of the metallization reactor.

Abstract: New dual temperature electrochemical methods and systems for the production of sodium metal from sodium polysulfides have been discovered. The technology provides high conductivity for sodium ions and extended service life for the electrochemical cell.

Abstract: A method of dynamic speed modulation in extended braking applications in a battery-powered electric vehicle is disclosed. The method includes determining a sensed parameter of the battery, and determining a parameter threshold of the battery. If the sensed parameter of the battery is the same or exceeds the parameter threshold, decreasing the groundspeed of the vehicle to a predetermined safe speed. If the sensed parameter of the battery is below the parameter threshold, determining the change in the parameter which would be caused by the regenerative braking system at the current groundspeed of the vehicle. If the change in the parameter would cause the sensed parameter to remain, reach or exceed the parameter threshold, correspondingly decreasing or increasing the groundspeed of the vehicle to cause the sensed parameter to approximate but not exceed the parameter threshold of the battery. A controller and electric vehicle capable of same, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present technology provides rechargeable alkali metal-sulfur galvanic cells and batteries incorporating such cells as well as methods of using such cell and batteries. The present galvanic cells provide high specific energy and high power at lower cost than conventional alkali metal-sulfur cells.

Abstract: Systems and methods for training photonic neural networks in accordance with embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes a method for training a set of one or more optical interference units (OIUs) of a photonic artificial neural network (ANN), wherein the method includes calculating a loss for an original input to the photonic ANN, computing an adjoint input based on the calculated loss, measuring intensities for a set of one or more phase shifters in the set of OIUs when the computed adjoint input and the original input are interfered with each other within the set of OIUs, computing a gradient from the measured intensities, and tuning phase shifters of the OIU based on the computed gradient.

Abstract: Systems and methods for activation in an optical circuit in accordance with embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes an optical activation circuit, wherein the circuit comprises a directional coupler, an optical-to-electrical conversion circuit, a time delay element, a nonlinear signal conditioner, and a phase shifter. The directional coupler receives an optical input and provides a first portion to the optical-to-electrical conversion circuit and a second portion to the time delay element, the time delay element provides a delayed signal to the phase shifter, and the optical-to-electrical conversion circuit converts an optical signal from the directional coupler to an electrical signal used to activate the phase shifter to shift the phase of the delayed signal.

Abstract: A head up display system includes first and second optical waveguides. A bracket holds the optical waveguides in a spaced-apart fixed relationship to one another such that their optical axes are separated by a distance of 63.5-65 millimeters. The optical waveguides are angularly disposed with respect to one another to produce a binocular image whose focal plane is located out at a distance of 2-4 meters. The bracket also specifically positions the optical waveguides adjacent to a transparent face plate of a dive helmet or dive mask.

Abstract: A head up display system includes first and second optical waveguides. A bracket holds the optical waveguides in a spaced-apart fixed relationship to one another such that their optical axes are separated by a distance of 63.5-65 millimeters. The optical waveguides are angularly disposed with respect to one another to produce a binocular image whose focal plane is located out at a distance of 2-4 meters. The bracket also specifically positions the optical waveguides adjacent to a transparent face plate of a dive helmet or dive mask.