Abstract: This invention relates to a novel catalyst for reforming gasoline comprising a low valence titanium, vanadium and/or chromium metallic component composited with a non-oxidizing high surface area support. The low valence metallic component is present in divalent form or as a combination of the metallic state and the divalent form - preferably as a chloride and/or bromide. The preferred support is a high surface area coke.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of reforming gasoline to raise the octane number thereof utilizing a novel catalyst comprising a low valence chromium metallic component composited with a non-oxidizing high surface area support. The low valence metallic component is present in divalent form or as a combination of the metallic state and the divalent form--preferably as a chloride and/or bromide. The preferred support is a high surface area coke.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of reforming gasoline to raise the octane number thereof utilizing a novel catalyst comprising a low valence titanium, vanadium and/or chromium metallic component composited with a non-oxidizing high surface area support. The low valence metallic component is present in divalent form or as a combination of the metallic state and the divalent form-- preferably as a chloride and/or bromide. The preferred support is a high surface area coke.

Abstract: A superconductive article is described which comprises an electrically normal conductive metal cable having on the outer surface thereof a layer containing cobalt phthalocyanine and an alkali metal. The ratio of alkali metal atoms to cobalt phthalocyanine molecules in said layer is suitably about 8:1. The electrically normal conductive metal is preferably aluminum and the cable is preferably hollow.

Abstract: A method for the treatment of an aqueous effluent slime derived from a tar sand extraction process is disclosed. The effluent slime pH is adjusted to an acidic pH and treated with an anionic surface active agent to create flocculation of solid asphaltic material entrained within the slime. A solvent solution comprising chlorinated hydrocarbon and a solvent therefor is added so that upon centrifuging of the treated slime three physical layers of material comprising (1) water; (2) asphaltics in the solvent solution and (3) clay are formed.

Abstract: A portion of higher O.sub.2 content lignite or brown coal is mixed with bituminous coal to provide exothermic conditions and reduce extraneous heat to the liquefaction reactor. In addition, with a crude oil carrying stream for the coal to the reactor there can be conversion at the controlled heating of 380.degree. to 400.degree. C., and in the presence of H.sub.2 and CO at 100 to 200 atmospheres a maximizing of distillate from the crude and a high conversion of coal to liquified distillate.

Abstract: A method of hydrorefining an asphaltenic charge stock is described which comprises effecting said reaction utilizing a titanium sulfide catalyst in a hydrogen sulfide-containing H.sub.2 atmosphere. The catalyst may be employed in slurry form or composited with a high surface area coke support. Preferably chloride is also present in the catalyst. The hydrogen sulfide suitably is present in the gas phase in an amount of from about 10 to about 25 mol. percent based on the moles of H.sub.2 present.

Abstract: A method for destructive distillation of hydrocarbonaceous distilland is disclosed wherein a dienophile is introduced into the vaporous phase to reduce the production of non-distillable polymeric product. Specifically dienophiles available economically in large amounts such as maleic anhydride are disclosed. The introduction of additional sulfide to further reduce production of asphaltenic polymeric product is also described.

Abstract: A more efficient separation of asphaltic materials from the heptane soluble components in liquified coal and other liquified solid hydrocarbonaceous materials is accomplished by using a natural gasoline fraction, boiling in the range of from 200.degree.-400.degree. F., as a solvent extraction agent and then effecting a centrifugal separation at elevated temperatures and pressures. The resulting separated asphaltic materials will have far less heptane soluble material than the heretofore used procedures which involved the settling out of the asphaltenes in huge settling tanks.

Abstract: A more efficient separation of the asphaltenes from microcrystalline waxes in the bottoms from crude oil distillation is accomplished by using a natural gasoline fraction, boiling in the range of from 200.degree.-400.degree. F., as a solvent extraction agent and then effecting a centrifugal separation at elevated temperatures and pressures. The resulting separated asphaltenes will have far less microcrystalline wax content than the heretofore used procedures which involved the settling out of the asphaltenes in huge settling tanks.

Abstract: Small lumps of coal are contacted in an upflow confined reactor with liquid SO.sub.2 and some recycled hydrocarbons at an elevated pressure to effect the disintegration of the coal to micro-sized dust particles and, preferably, the resulting coal dust and liquid SO.sub.2 with entrained liquid hydrocarbons that are withdrawn from the top of the reactor will undergo a further pressurized centrifugal contact-separation step. The liquid stream from the latter is recycled to the upflow reactor while the coal dust is recovered for use as a carbonaceous fuel ready for economical pipeline transportation suspended in either gas or liquid, with the liquid being either water or oil. Alternatively, the dust may be subjected to liquification, or such other treatment as may be desired.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a catalytic composite of a Group VIII metal, a Group VIB metal and a refractory inorganic oxide-boron phosphate carrier material. A refractory inorganic oxide hydrogel is perecipitated from an aqueous solution, impregnated with an aqueous solution of boric and phosphoric acids, admixed with preformed, refractory inorganic oxide-boron phosphate fines, and the mixture recovered by filtration. The mixture is then dried, and further impregnated with a metal of Group VIII and a metal of Group VIB. The resulting composite is then dried and calcined.