Abstract: A leak test arrangement (1) for testing a structural component (2) or a closed package/object (2?+21?, 2?*) with a wall to be tested for tightness, including: a test chamber (3) in which the structural component (2) or the package/the object (2?+21?, 2?) is arranged during the leak testing, a test gas space (4) which is formed on a first side of the wall of the structural component (2) and of the test chamber (3) or which corresponds to the interior of the package/of the object (2?, 2?*), a testing space (5) which is formed on a second side of the wall of the structural component (2) and of the test chamber (3) or is formed between the wall of the package/object (2?+21?, 2?*) and the test chamber (3), a test gas supply (6) for supplying compressed air (DL) and/or a test gas (TG) into the testing space (5), a test gas measuring arrangement (7) for measuring or detecting the test gas (TG) in the testing space (5) with a sensor system (72) and a testing space vacuum arrangement (51) for evacuating the testing sp

Abstract: A leak test arrangement (1) for testing a structural component (2) or a closed package/object (2?+21?, 2?*) with a wall to be tested for tightness, including: a test chamber (3) in which the structural component (2) or the package/the object (2?+21?, 2?) is arranged during the leak testing, a test gas space (4) which is formed on a first side of the wall of the structural component (2) and of the test chamber (3) or which corresponds to the interior of the package/of the object (2?, 2?*), a testing space (5) which is formed on a second side of the wall of the structural component (2) and of the test chamber (3) or is formed between the wall of the package/object (2?+21?, 2?*) and the test chamber (3), a test gas supply (6) for supplying compressed air (DL) and/or a test gas (TG) into the testing space (5), a test gas measuring arrangement (7) for measuring or detecting the test gas (TG) in the testing space (5) with a sensor system (72) and a testing space vacuum arrangement (51) for evacuating the testing sp

Abstract: A tappet for cam operation as in an engine valve train has a cavity between a cam-contacting surface and the body of the tappet for allowing the cam-contacting surface to deflect theretoward when contacted by the cam, whereby stresses therein are reduced and the cam-contacting surface can be made from a hard, brittle material.

Abstract: Flat-faced tappets, especially for valve trains in reciprocating internal combustion engines, having a shaft with a substantially cup-shaped transmission end adapted to cooperate with other parts of the valve train, a cam follower member of a highly elastic material and a hollow space between the cam follower member and the transmission end allowing resilient deflection of the cam follower member at least in the region in which the cam runs against the cam follower member.

Abstract: A hydraulic system for actuating gas-change valves in internal combustion engines or compressors wherein the output piston associated with each gas-change valve is capable of being moved against the force of a closing spring through a control circuit filled with control fluid by an input piston operable by a cam, with means for venting the control fluid at the highest point of the hydraulic system, and wherein the input cylinder communicates with a system for refilling with control fluid. The means for venting the control fluid are formed as permanent venting means, a variable area restrictor determining the amount of control fluid in the hydraulic system during operation is provided which is located in a discharge circuit, and the cam actuating the output piston is formed with a pre-ramp and a post-ramp.

Abstract: A controllable hydraulic valve mechanism for reciprocating engines or pumps including a drive piston, operable by a cam is provided with control edges and projects into a drive cylinder; a working piston which operates the valve directly and is guided in a working cylinder. The valve mechanism provides a continuous communication between the drive cylinder interior and a second reservoir which absorbs a substantial part of the energy produced by the lift of a cam. Control sleeves surround the drive piston and are operable by actuating means operable from outside the drive cylinder. Each of the control sleeves has a control ring groove which cooperates with control edges provided in the drive piston. A further sleeve in the working cylinder surrounds the working piston, is rotatable by actuating means operable from outside the working cylinder, and is provided with a control ring groove for varying the valve lift.

Abstract: A braking device for four-stroke cycle reciprocating piston internal combustion engines, especially vehicle engines, which for controlling at least each outlet valve include a hydraulically operable driving cylinder-piston unit adapted to be actuated by a camshaft, and a working cylinder-piston unit connected through at least one control conduit with the driving cylinder-piston unit and operable to actuate the outlet valve. The working cylinder-piston unit has a two-step different diameter cylinder and two plungers of correspondingly different diameters reciprocating relative to each other in the two-step cylinder. The braking device also includes a control member, e.g., a valve spool, common to all control conduits, for selectively connecting the control conduits to and disconnecting them from different driving cylinder-piston units and working cylinder piston units to thereby establish or interrupt connection between different driving cylinder-piston units with different working cylinder-piston units.