Abstract: The invention relates to a method for a low-temperature air separation in which an air separation unit is used comprising a first rectification column and a second rectification column. The first rectification column is operated at a first pressure level, and the second rectification column is operated at a second pressure level below the first pressure level. Fluid which is oxygen-enriched compared to atmospheric air is drawn from the first rectification column in the form of one or more first material flows. At least one fraction of the fluid which has been drawn from the first rectification column in the form of the one or more first material flows is heated in a heat exchanger; a fraction of the fluid which has been heated in the heat exchanger is compressed using a compressor and is returned to the first rectification column.

Abstract: A process for providing an oxygen product using an air separation plant having a distillation column system, in which a cryogenic liquid is withdrawn from the distillation column system, wherein a first portion of the cryogenic liquid is subjected to a pressure-increasing evaporation by evaporating a second portion of the cryogenic liquid, and the oxygen product is provided using at least part of the first portion of the cryogenic liquid. At least part of the evaporated second portion of the cryogenic liquid, after the increase in pressure, is made available for further utilization, for the provision of the oxygen product. The present invention also relates to a corresponding air separation plant.

Abstract: A device and a method for checking switch-off paths in control units of internal combustion engines during ongoing engine operation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for a low-temperature air separation in which an air separation unit is used comprising a first rectification column and a second rectification column. The first rectification column is operated at a first pressure level, and the second rectification column is operated at a second pressure level below the first pressure level. Fluid which is oxygen-enriched compared to atmospheric air is drawn from the first rectification column in the form of one or more first material flows. At least one fraction of the fluid which has been drawn from the first rectification column in the form of the one or more first material flows is heated in a heat exchanger; a fraction of the fluid which has been heated in the heat exchanger is compressed using a compressor and is returned to the first rectification column.

Abstract: A device and a method for checking switch-off paths in control units of internal combustion engines during ongoing engine operation.

Abstract: A method for operating a control unit of a motor vehicle including a function unit and a monitoring unit which have a communication connection to one another. In a first check, the function unit is checked for errors, an error of the function unit being inferred if an error counter reaches a threshold value, and the monitoring unit and the function unit exchange first data with one another. In the event of a correct exchange of the first data, a positive change of the error counter is carried out. Otherwise, a negative change of the error counter is carried out. In a second check, the monitoring unit and the function unit exchange second data with one another. In the event of an incorrect exchange of the second data, a negative change of the error counter and a negative change of the threshold value are carried out.

Abstract: A method for operating a control unit of a motor vehicle including a function unit and a monitoring unit which have a communication connection to one another. In a first check, the function unit is checked for errors, an error of the function unit being inferred if an error counter reaches a threshold value, and the monitoring unit and the function unit exchange first data with one another. In the event of a correct exchange of the first data, a positive change of the error counter is carried out. Otherwise, a negative change of the error counter is carried out. In a second check, the monitoring unit and the function unit exchange second data with one another. In the event of an incorrect exchange of the second data, a negative change of the error counter and a negative change of the threshold value are carried out.

Abstract: A method for shutting down an electrically controlled component of a vehicle in a case of error of a processing unit, the component being controlled by a control circuit, which receives at least one control signal from the processing unit and controls the component as a function of the at least one received control signal, the processing unit outputting the at least one control signal to a control terminal, the processing unit being designed for outputting an error signal having a defined level to the control terminal in a case of error.

Abstract: A method for shutting down an electrically controlled component of a vehicle in a case of error of a processing unit, the component being controlled by a control circuit, which receives at least one control signal from the processing unit and controls the component as a function of the at least one received control signal, the processing unit outputting the at least one control signal to a control terminal, the processing unit being designed for outputting an error signal having a defined level to the control terminal in a case of error.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and a device for controlling operational sequences, in particular in a vehicle. In this context, a functional unit for forwarding and receiving data via at least one connecting unit is in contact with at least one bus system. Functional unit is monitored by a monitoring unit. The monitoring unit prevents the forwarding of data by the functional unit via the at least one bus system if the monitoring unit detects an error of the functional unit. In an error case, in order to prevent the forwarding of data by functional unit in a manner as simple as possible, yet one that is safe and reliable, an error signal is emitted by the monitoring unit, which error signal assumes different values as a function of whether an error of the functional unit has been recognized or not, and the error signal is applied to the at least one connecting unit such that the at least one connecting unit is deactivated by the error signal if an error of the functional unit has been detected.

Abstract: A method and device for function testing an analog-digital converter, the analog-digital converter performing a function for converting at least one analog signal into at least one digital signal using a first predetermined reference voltage, wherein the analog-digital converter is able to perform the function alternatively using at least one other reference voltage, in particular a predetermined second reference voltage, the analog-digital converter being blocked to prevent use of at least the other reference voltage, in particular the second reference voltage, by the analog-digital converter, a predetermined analog signal being converted into a digital signal for the function test and the digital signal being analyzed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device for controlling operational sequences, in particular in a vehicle. In this context, a functional unit (3) for forwarding and receiving data via at least one connecting unit (4) is in contact with at least one bus system (2). Functional unit (3) is monitored by a monitoring unit (8). The monitoring unit (8) prevents the forwarding of data by the functional unit (3) via the at least one bus system (2) if it detects an error of the functional unit (3).

Abstract: A method and device for function testing an analog-digital converter, the analog-digital converter performing a function for converting at least one analog signal into at least one digital signal using a first predetermined reference voltage, wherein the analog-digital converter is able to perform the function alternatively using at least one other reference voltage, in particular a predetermined second reference voltage, the analog-digital converter being blocked to prevent use of at least the other reference voltage, in particular the second reference voltage, by the analog-digital converter, a predetermined analog signal being converted into a digital signal for the function test and the digital signal being analyzed.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for monitoring the control of operational sequences in a vehicle is described, in which context control functions are executed in a control unit, and monitoring functions that monitor the control functions are also executed. A monitoring module transfers at least one query to the control unit. A first monitoring function, in particular a sequence monitor, provided in the control unit, calculates a subresponse to the query in a second definable timing framework. The control unit creates, from at least one subresponse, a response to the monitoring module. Creation of the response is activated in a definable first timing framework. The control unit transfers the response to the monitoring module, and the monitoring module, as a function of the response, detects faults regarding execution of the control functions. The first and the second timing frameworks are asynchronous with one another.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for monitoring the control of operational sequences in a vehicle is described, in which context control functions are executed in a control unit, and monitoring functions that monitor the control functions are also executed. A monitoring module transfers at least one query to the control unit. A first monitoring function, in particular a sequence monitor, provided in the control unit, calculates a subresponse to the query in a second definable timing framework. The control unit creates, from at least one subresponse, a response to the monitoring module. Creation of the response is activated in a definable first timing framework. The control unit transfers the response to the monitoring module, and the monitoring module, as a function of the response, detects faults regarding execution of the control functions. The first and the second timing frameworks are asynchronous with one another.

Abstract: The process and the apparatus serve to produce pressurized nitrogen by low-temperature fractionation of air in a rectification system which has a pressure column (4) and a low-pressure column (5). Feed air (1, 3) is passed into the pressure column (4). An oxygen-containing liquid fraction (11) is taken off from the pressure column (4) and fed into the low-pressure column (5). Gaseous nitrogen (18) from the low-pressure column (5) is at least partially condensed in a top condenser (17) by indirect heat exchange with an evaporating liquid (13). Nitrogen from the low-pressure column is produced as gaseous pressurized nitrogen product (24, 25, 29) at a pressure which is higher than the operating pressure of the low-pressure column (5). Liquid nitrogen (20) withdrawn from the low-pressure column is brought (21) in the liquid state to a pressure which exceeds the pressure of the low-pressure column (5).

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for monitoring the measured-value detection for an electronic power control of a motor of a vehicle is suggested wherein the single computing element outputs a signal which operates on at least one of its input channels or operates indirectly on this at least one input channel by changing the supply voltage. A fault condition is detected when the variable, which is supply via this input channel, exceeds at least one pregiven limit value correlated in time to the output of the control signal.

Abstract: Disclosed are a process and a device for wetting pneumatically transported particles with a fluid where the fluid is sprayed by means of nozzles into a transport line through which the particles are flowing. The nozzles are installed in an area of the transport line which has a diffusor-like expansion in its cross section to insure that the particles are wetted uniformly and in a finely divided manner.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method and an arrangement for checking the operability of the measured value detection system for an electronic power control arrangement of a motor vehicle. In the invention, and to check operation, the measured variable is converted by an analog/digital converter of the computer and is compared to a signal level determined from a signal derived from this measured variable. A fault condition in the area of the measured value detection system is assumed when impermissible deviations are determined between the two signals.