Abstract: The abutment of a drum brake is formed from a solid material which deforms under load, wherein measurement devices are provided which detect this deformation. The abutment has two limbs, on which the brake shoes are supported. The changing distance between the two brake shoes under load is determined by detecting the distance between extension rods on the limbs by a measurement device comprising magnets and Hall sensors or AMR sensors.

Abstract: A spreader unit for a drum brake is provided with a readjustment device which ensures that the clearance remains substantially constant even in the case of wear on the brake linings. The readjustment device is arranged between actuating pistons and changes the spacing of the actuating pistons in at least one readjustment step when an actuating travel of the first and second brake shoe holders has exceeded a travel setpoint value.

Abstract: A drum brake having a brake drum, brake shoes, a carrier plate and a load measurement device in the region of an abutment is mountable on a steering knuckle. The abutment has a cylinder in which two pistons are guided, on the outer end faces of which the abutment ends of the brake shoes rest and the inner end faces of which are each supported by a spring on a step in the cylinder. A hollow peg projects from the outside of the cylinder and penetrates an opening in the carrier plate, such that it can be received in a receiving space in the steering knuckle resting on the carrier plate or in a reinforcement element fixed on the steering knuckle.

Abstract: An improved electromechanically drivable spreader unit having an integrated adjustment apparatus for a drum brake, in which the linear motion of brake shoe holders is produced by two ball-ramp devices, wherein a first ball-ramp device includes a first actuation piston arranged for rotation about the axis and a second ball-ramp device includes a second actuation piston arranged for rotation about the axis, and wherein an adjustment apparatus for compensating an actuation travel that increases as a result of wear on the friction linings is arranged in an axially centered position within the housing and substantially between the actuation pistons.

Abstract: A guitar case comprising a resiliently flexible first teardrop oval shell defining a guitar receptacle for operatively receiving a guitar, the first shell including a guitar suspension arrangement comprising a body strap configured to operatively secure a body of the guitar away from a side of the receptacle, and a neck strap configured to operatively secure a neck of the guitar within the receptacle. Case 10 also includes a resiliently flexible second teardrop oval shell configured to operatively complementarily engage the first shell in a clamshell manner, and fastening means configured to fasten the shells together such that at least the upper shell elastically deforms over the guitar receptacle to sandwich the guitar suspended within the receptacle between the shells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the quantitative determination of contaminants in the form of fatty acid esters in jet fuels, wherein the analyte is the fatty acid ester fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and/or the fatty acid ester fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE), wherein the analyte undergoes a chemical reaction which is selective for it and which influences the intensity for the carbonyl band of the respective ester group with the formation of a modified analyte and the variation in the concentration of analyte in the sample, which is the jet fuel together with FAME and/or FAEE, is measured using the reduction in the intensity of the carbonyl band and/or the increase in the concentration of the modified analyte is measured using the increase in the intensity of a band which is characteristic for the modification.

Abstract: A drum brake module for motor vehicles, the drum brake module being driven by an electric motor and having at least one parking brake function, includes an electromechanical cable pull actuator which is fastened on the anchor plate with the aid of an adapter. The adapter is designed as a one-piece, thin walled frame having at least one fastening flange for receiving the cable pull actuator and is held in place on the anchor plate.

Abstract: The proposal is for an improved expansion device for a drum brake having an integrated readjustment unit having a readjusting screw which can be locked therein by a spring-loaded latching unit which, for a reliable readjustment function with a reduced level of force, provides for the latching unit to allow a defined idle rotation of the readjusting screw, which is defined structurally by a first stop acting in a first direction of revolution and a second stop acting in the opposite direction of revolution.

Abstract: A braking device for a hydraulic motor vehicle braking system having an electromechanically driven booster stage and a ball screw drive. In order to provide a braking device which is of particularly compact, cost-effective and weight-saving construction and has short pedal strokes, and an easily adjustable pedal characteristic curve, at the same time enabling effective direct action in case of failure of the booster stage and comfortable haptic feedback at the pedal during normal operation, the actuating force from a piston rod is introduced into the spindle, wherein the piston rod can be moved axially to a limited extent relative to the spindle and a spring element is inserted in the flow of force of the actuating force between the piston rod and the spindle, which spring is compressed axially when the actuating force is introduced.

Abstract: An improved electromechanically drivable spreader unit having an integrated adjustment apparatus for a drum brake, in which the linear motion of brake shoe holders is produced by two ball-ramp devices, wherein a first ball-ramp device includes a first actuation piston arranged for rotation about the axis and a second ball-ramp device includes a second actuation piston arranged for rotation about the axis, and wherein an adjustment apparatus for compensating an actuation travel that increases as a result of wear on the friction linings is arranged in an axially centered position within the housing and substantially between the actuation pistons.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the quantitative determination of contaminants in the form of fatty acid esters in jet fuels, wherein the analyte is the fatty acid ester fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and/or the fatty acid ester fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE), wherein the analyte undergoes a chemical reaction which is selective for it and which influences the intensity for the carbonyl band of the respective ester group with the formation of a modified analyte and the variation in the concentration of analyte in the sample, which is the jet fuel together with FAME and/or FAEE, is measured using the reduction in the intensity of the carbonyl band and/or the increase in the concentration of the modified analyte is measured using the increase in the intensity of a band which is characteristic for the modification.

Abstract: Differentials having plate packs for exerting a braking torque onto the output shafts of the gear unit are known. The brake device is intended to be designed such that effective braking can be achieved using it and that it is easy to service. To this end, the invention makes provision for the brake device to be a drum brake having a passive element, exhibiting a cylindrical frictional surface, and brake shoes, the frictional surfaces of which brake shoes can be placed against the cylindrical frictional surface of the passive element. The passive element can be a brake drum or a radial brake disk, the cylindrical edge of which serves as a frictional surface. The passive element is fastened to the differential cage and/or one of the shafts. The brake shoes are held in a pivotable manner on a carrier plate fastened to the outside of the differential housing.

Abstract: The abutment of a drum brake is formed from a solid material which deforms under load, wherein measurement devices are provided which detect this deformation. The abutment has two limbs, on which the brake shoes are supported. The changing distance between the two brake shoes under load is determined by detecting the distance between extension rods on the limbs by a measurement device comprising magnets and Hall sensors or AMR sensors.

Abstract: Differentials having plate packs for exerting a braking torque onto the output shafts of the gear unit are known. The brake device is intended to be designed such that effective braking can be achieved using it and that it is easy to service. To this end, the invention makes provision for the brake device to be a drum brake having a passive element, exhibiting a cylindrical frictional surface, and brake shoes, the frictional surfaces of which brake shoes can be placed against the cylindrical frictional surface of the passive element. The passive element can be a brake drum or a radial brake disk, the cylindrical edge of which serves as a frictional surface. The passive element is fastened to the differential cage and/or one of the shafts. The brake shoes are held in a pivotable manner on a carrier plate fastened to the outside of the differential housing.

Abstract: A braking device for a hydraulic motor vehicle braking system having an electromechanically driven booster stage and a ball screw drive. In order to provide a braking device which is of particularly compact, cost-effective and weight-saving construction and has short pedal strokes, and an easily adjustable pedal characteristic curve, at the same time enabling effective direct action in case of failure of the booster stage and comfortable haptic feedback at the pedal during normal operation, the actuating force from a piston rod is introduced into the spindle, wherein the piston rod can be moved axially to a limited extent relative to the spindle and a spring element is inserted in the flow of force of the actuating force between the piston rod and the spindle, which spring is compressed axially when the actuating force is introduced.

Abstract: An expanding device for actuating one of the brake shoes of a drum brake includes a body of revolution and transmission bodies actuated by the body of revolution via ball track ramps. A spacer body is located between two partial bodies of the body of revolution, the spacer body guided by an adjustment spring keeping the partial bodies at the respectively reached distance. The spacer body is screwed onto a pin on the first partial body. A readjustment nut ensures that, when the two partial bodies are pushed apart, the spacer body rotates on the pin and moves away from a supporting surface on a partition of the second partial body. Upon renewed actuation of the brakes, the readjustment nut is guided such that the spacer body bears against the second partial body, but takes up a different position on the pin, the position corresponding to the air clearance readjustment.

Abstract: An expansion device for drum brakes, which is floatingly and approximately centrally arranged between two substantially symmetrical brake shoes, the expansion device including at least two gear levers articulated to each other and each supported on a brake shoe, at least one of the gear levers of the expansion lock being coupled to an actuating element of an actuator system such that the brake shoes carry out an even, translationally directed expanding movement, which is converted by a gearing, in the direction of the brake drum. At least one of the gear levers of the spreader lock has a spring element integrated into it that can be elastically reversibly deformed by a brake application force about a defined elasticity ?S of at least 1 mm in a defined manner.

Abstract: An expanding device for actuating one of the brake shoes of a drum brake includes a body of revolution and transmission bodies actuated by the body of revolution via ball track ramps. A spacer body is located between two partial bodies of the body of revolution, the spacer body guided by an adjustment spring keeping the partial bodies at the respectively reached distance. The spacer body is screwed onto a pin on the first partial body. A readjustment nut ensures that, when the two partial bodies are pushed apart, the spacer body rotates on the pin and moves away from a supporting surface on a partition of the second partial body. Upon renewed actuation of the brakes, the readjustment nut is guided such that the spacer body bears against the second partial body), but takes up a different position on the pin, the position corresponding to the air clearance readjustment.

Abstract: A drum brake module for motor vehicles, the drum brake module being driven by an electric motor and having at least one parking brake function, includes an electromechanical cable pull actuator which is fastened on the anchor plate with the aid of an adapter. The adapter is designed as a one-piece, thin walled frame having at least one fastening flange for receiving the cable pull actuator and is held in place on the anchor plate.

Abstract: A guiding system for a brake piston of a motor-vehicle disk brake comprises a brake piston, a cylindrical brake-piston bore for accommodating the brake piston in a housing in such a way that the brake piston can be axially displaced, and a ring seal supported in the housing in an axially immovable manner, which ring seal is elastically clamped between a cylindrical brake-piston wall and a recess in the brake-piston bore. In order to improve the NVH behavior in the avoidance of disturbing noises of motor-vehicle disk brakes, a reversibly elastically preloaded guiding means is clamped between the brake-piston bore and the brake-piston wall, which guiding means is supported on the housing and couples the brake piston to the brake-piston bore in such a way that the brake piston is oriented in a specific manner.