Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for implementing cross-zone communication for computing zones executing different coding protocols. A server computer system may receive, via a proxy layer of a first instance of an application executing within a first computing zone according to a first set of coding protocols, a request for a service executed via a second instance of the application in a second computing zone according to a second, different set of coding protocols. The system may alter, via a remote layer of the first instance, a set of data specified in the request to comply with the second, set of protocols. The system may transmit, via the remote layer of the first instance to a remote layer of the second instance, the altered set of data. The system may advantageously provide a simplified development interface allowing for both development and testing within a local environment without deployment of multiple different services.

Abstract: A method for operating a graph database, including receiving, by a computer system, a query to a particular graph database, the query identifying a plurality of vertices of the particular graph database. The method further includes performing, by the computer system, hash operations on two or more of the plurality of vertices to generate respective hash values and dividing, using the respective hash values, the query into a plurality of sub-queries, each corresponding to a subset of the plurality of vertices. The method also includes sending, by the computer system, ones of the plurality of sub-queries to a plurality of database repositories for the particular graph database.

Abstract: An optical fiber protection switch comprises an optical interface and an optical switching system. The optical interface exchanges optical signals with optical fibers that are deployed in a ring configuration. The optical switching system exchanges the optical signals with the optical interface. The optical switching system performs ring switching of the optical signals in the optical domain in response to a first fault. The optical switching system performs span switching of the optical signals in the optical domain in response to a second fault.

Abstract: A system for reducing the influence of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in high speed fiber optical transmission channels. A signal is forward error correction (FEC) encoded according to an FEC code that defines a specified error tolerance per codeword. The invention then effectively randomizes the input polarization of the signal before transmission, in order to reduce the likelihood that PMD will distort one or more codewords beyond the allowed error tolerance. The invention will thereby increase the PMD-limited transmission distance in an optical transmission system.

Abstract: An optical fiber protection switch comprises an optical interface and an optical switching system. The optical interface exchanges optical signals with optical fibers that are deployed in a ring configuration. The optical switching system exchanges the optical signals with the optical interface. The optical switching system performs ring switching of the optical signals in the optical domain in response to a first fault. The optical switching system performs span switching of the optical signals in the optical domain in response to a second fault.

Abstract: An optical fiber protection switch that performs automatic protection switching. The optical fiber protection switch performs span and ring switching at the optical layer, thereby negating the need for SONET ADMs to perform the switching at the SONET layer. The optical fiber protection switch includes span switches and ring switches arranged to provide span and ring switching, respectively. The span switches and ring switches are implemented using 2×2 optical switches, for a total of eight 2×2 optical switches in the optical fiber protection switch. The system described herein may utilize SONET terminals and/or ATM switches in a WDM environment to support capacity increases while providing the ring and span switching functionality. A network switching element providing transparent, self-healing optical 4-fiber BLSR (OBLSR/4) is realized by using the optical fiber protection switch described herein.

Abstract: A technique for communicating a change in bit rates that dependent transponders should each transfer. In one implementation, an upstream transponder outputs a specific frequency communications signal to a downstream transponders. The downstream transponder reacts to receipt of the specific bit rate by requesting new bit rate window information. The upstream transponder communicates such new bit rate window. Thereafter both the upstream and downstream transponders transfer payloads of signals having bit rates within the programmed bit rate windows.

Abstract: This invention is a method and device for using one or a plurality of telephone network connections to pass call setup information to build secure Internet data connections between data network elements in different companies. A data network element 100 of present invention uses the public switched telephone network 180 to connect to other data network element 102 directly by dialing its phone number. The caller data network element and the callee data network element exchange identity and security management information through the PSTN connection 190/195. Secure data communication channels are established between the data network elements to tunnel through the public Internet 170 under the control of the PSTN connections.

Abstract: An optical add/drop multiplexing unit (16, 116) includes a demultiplexer (53, 153) which optically isolates component signals of an optical input signal from an optical input terminal (22, 122). A plurality of switching units (61, 161) can optically couple either of two outputs to either of two inputs. One input of each switching unit receives a respective component signal from the demultiplexer, and the other is coupled to a respective protection input terminal (42, 142) of the multiplexing unit. One of the output terminals of each switching unit is coupled to a respective protection output terminal (43, 143), and the other is coupled to a respective input of a multiplexer (82, 182). The multiplexer has an output coupled to an optical output terminal (23, 123) of the multiplexing unit, and optically combines the signals at its inputs into an optical signal for its output.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds formed by metabolic conversion of compounds of structural formula (1), pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and their use as &agr;v&bgr;3 integrin receptor antagonists. The compounds of the present invention are useful for inhibiting bone resorption, restenosis, angiogenesis, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, inflammatory arthritis, cancer, and metastatic tumor growth. They are particularly useful for inhibiting bone resorption and for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis.

Abstract: This invention is an optical network element (ONE) for bi-directional WDM ring networks. It consists of a west-side bi-directional OADM 400, an east-side bi-directional OADM 405, two west-side optical multiplexer/demultiplexer pairs 440 and 445, and two east-side optical multiplexer/demultiplexer pairs 450 and 455. Dynamic optical switching between different bi-directional optical ports is accomplished by a 1-dimentional analog MEMS channel mirror array. The optical network element supports dynamic bi-directional wavelength add-drop, optical layer protection switching on per wavelength basis, and optical channel loopback, etc.

Abstract: An optical fiber protection switch that performs automatic protection switching. The optical fiber protection switch performs span and ring switching at the optical layer, thereby negating the need for SONET ADMs to perform the switching at the SONET layer. The optical fiber protection switch includes span switches and ring switches arranged to provide span and ring switching, respectively. The span switches and ring switches are implemented using 2×2 optical switches, for a total of eight 2×2 optical switches in the optical fiber protection switch. The system described herein may utilize SONET terminals and/or ATM switches in a WDM environment to support capacity increases while providing the ring and span switching functionality. A network switching element providing transparent, self-healing optical 4-fiber BLSR (OBLSR/4) is realized by using the optical fiber protection switch described herein.

Abstract: This invention provides a method and device for generating and transporting packetized optical channels (POCH) and use them to carry TDM time slots and optical cells for sub-wavelength bandwidth management. The POCH emulates the standard G.709 optical channel frame and its default format consists of 240 68-byte time slots. Optical cells are mapped to the 68-byte POCH time slots either synchronously or asynchronously, where the synchronous cells have higher switching priority than the asynchronous cells. The POCH frame has 16-byte offset from the standard G.709 optical channel frame, and each frame has four 4080-byte sub-frames. Each sub-frame has 56 68-byte user time slots for payload and 4 overhead slots for optical channel overhead and forward error correction.

Abstract: This invention provides a method and device for generating and transporting synchronous cells and switching them with circuit-packet duality switch. Different traffics are carried by the synchronous cells and switched by the circuit-packet duality switch (100). These synchronous cells are synchronously mapped into 125 &mgr;s frames and transported over synchronous cell switched network (250). Each synchronous cell in the 125 &mgr;s frame is both a time slot of the frame and a fixed size packet. A synchronous cell (12) is switched by the circuit-packet duality switch (100) either in circuit switching manner by treating the cell as a time slot, or in packet switching manner by self-routing using connection IDs in the cell header.

Abstract: An optical fiber protection switch that performs automatic protection switching. The optical fiber protection switch performs span and ring switching at the optical layer, thereby negating the need for SONET ADMs to perform the switching at the SONET layer. The optical fiber protection switch includes span switches and ring switches arranged to provide span and ring switching, respectively. The span switches and ring switches are implemented using 2×2 optical switches, for a total of eight 2×2 optical switches in the optical fiber protection switch. The system described herein may utilize SONET terminals and/or ATM switches in a WDM environment to support capacity increases while providing the ring and span switching functionality. A network switching element providing transparent, self-healing optical 4-fiber BLSR (OBLSR/4) is realized by using the optical fiber protection switch described herein.

Abstract: A system for reducing the influence of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in high speed fiber optical transmission channels. A signal is forward error correction (FEC) encoded according to an FEC code that defines a specified error tolerance per codeword. The invention then effectively randomizes the input polarization of the signal before transmission, in order to reduce the likelihood that PMD will distort one or more codewords beyond the allowed error tolerance. The invention will thereby increase the PMD-limited transmission distance in an optical transmission system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds formed by metabolic conversion of compounds of structural formula (1), pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and their use as &agr;v&bgr;3 integrin receptor antagonists. The compounds of the present invention are useful for inhibiting bone resorption, restenosis, angiogenesis, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, inflammatory arthritis, cancer, and metastatic tumor growth. They are particularly useful for inhibiting bone resorption and for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds formed by metabolic conversion of compounds of structural formula (1), pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and their use as &agr;v&bgr;3 integrin receptor antagonists. The compounds of the present invention are useful for inhibiting bone resorption, restenosis, angiogenesis, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, inflammatory arthritis, cancer, and metastatic tumor growth. They are particularly useful for inhibiting bone resorption and for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds formed by metabolic conversion of compounds of the structural formula depicted below (R═H or Me), pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and their use as &agr;v&bgr;3 integrin receptor antagonists. The compounds of the present invention are useful for inhibiting bone resorption, restenosis, angiogenesis, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, inflammatory arthritis, cancer, and metastatic tumor growth. They are particularly useful for inhibiting bone resorption and for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis.

Abstract: The invention is a method and apparatus that provides for the control of optical signals in a polarization-independent manner using birefringence. The invention includes an optical coupler connected to a birefringence element by an optical path loop. The optical coupler and optical path loop could be a Sagnac interferometer. The birefringence element affects the phase velocity of optical signals based on a control signal, and it can introduce a relative phase shift between optical signals propagating around the loop. The optical signals can be routed based on this phase shift.