Abstract: In various examples, techniques for determining perception zones for object detection are described. For instance, a system may use a dynamic model associated with an ego-machine, a dynamic model associated with an object, and one or more possible interactions between the ego-machine and the object to determine a perception zone. The system may then perform one or more processes using the perception zone. For instance, if the system is validating a perception system of the ego-machine, the system may determine whether a detection error associated with the object is a safety-critical error based on whether the object is located within the perception zone. Additionally, if the system is executing within the ego-machine, the system may determine whether the object is a safety-critical object based on whether the object is located within the perception zone.

Abstract: In various examples, control policies for controlling agents may be learned from demonstrations capturing joint states of entities navigating through the environment. A control policy may be learned mapping joint states to control actions, where the joint states are between agents, and the control actions are of at least one of the agents. The control policy may be learned to define the mappings as control invariant sets of the joint sates and the control actions. The control policy may be used to determine one or more functions that compute, based at least on a joint state between entities, output indicating a likelihood of collision between the entities operating in accordance with the control policy. Using the output, current and/or potential states of the environment may be evaluated to determine control operations for a machine, such as a vehicle.

Abstract: A perforated subirrigation and drainage pipe includes a pipe body and a permeation irrigation inner pipe. The permeation irrigation inner pipe is integrally formed with the pipe body and disposed at a top of an interior of the pipe body along a longitudinal direction thereof; multiple irrigation perforations, distributed along a longitudinal direction of the permeation irrigation inner pipe, are provided on a pipe wall of a bottom thereof; and an opening is provided on a pipe wall of a bottom of the pipe body; two flow guide baffles are respectively located at two sides of the opening and on an inner wall of the pipe body; a first irrigation and drainage channel is formed between each flow guide baffle and an outer wall of the permeation irrigation inner pipe, between each flow guide baffle and the inner wall of the pipe body, and between the two flow guide baffles.

Abstract: A perforated subirrigation/drainage pipe includes a pipe body and a permeation irrigation inner pipe. The permeation irrigation inner pipe is integrally formed with the pipe body and disposed at a top of an interior of the pipe body along a central axis thereof; multiple irrigation perforations, distributed along a central axis of the permeation irrigation inner pipe, are provided on a pipe wall of the permeation irrigation inner pipe; and an opening is provided on a pipe wall of the pipe body; two flow guide baffles are respectively located at two sides of the opening and on an inner wall of the pipe body; a main irrigation and drainage channel is formed between each flow guide baffle and an outer wall of the permeation irrigation inner pipe, between each flow guide baffle and the inner wall of the pipe body, and between the two flow guide baffles.