Abstract: This disclosure relates to compositions and methods of reducing corrosion using benzimidazoles. The method may include adding a benzimidazole and a halogen to an aqueous system that is in contact with a metal surface. The halogen may be bromine, iodine, or any combination thereof. In some cases, adding the halogen may be optional depending on the substituents on the benzimidazole ring. Compositions are also disclosed that include a benzimidazole, optionally a halogen depending on the substituents on the benzimidazole ring, and optionally a halogen stabilizer.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to compositions and methods of reducing corrosion using benzimidazoles. The method may include adding a benzimidazole and a halogen to an aqueous system that is in contact with a metal surface. The halogen may be bromine, iodine, or any combination thereof. In some cases, adding the halogen may be optional depending on the substituents on the benzimidazole ring. Compositions are also disclosed that include a benzimidazole, optionally a halogen depending on the substituents on the benzimidazole ring, and optionally a halogen stabilizer.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for utilizing encapsulated tracer dyes in difficult liquids such as wastewater or with highly reactive treatment chemicals such as aluminum-based coagulants. In difficult liquids or highly reactive treatment chemicals even so-called “inert” tracers end up reacting and their fluorescence changes. As a result they are inconsistent and cannot be used to measure the amount of treatment chemical present. But by encapsulating the tracer dyes, even non inert tracer dyes become inert and they can reliably be used to measure the amount of treatment chemical present even if highly reactive or in a difficult liquid.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for utilizing encapsulated tracer dyes in difficult liquids such as wastewater or with highly reactive treatment chemicals such as aluminum-based coagulants. In difficult liquids or highly reactive treatment chemicals even so-called “inert” tracers end up reacting and their fluorescence changes. As a result they are inconsistent and cannot be used to measure the amount of treatment chemical present. But by encapsulating the tracer dyes, even non inert tracer dyes become inert and they can reliably be used to measure the amount of treatment chemical present even if highly reactive or in a difficult liquid.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for utilizing encapsulated tracer dyes in difficult liquids such as wastewater or with highly reactive treatment chemicals such as aluminum-based coagulants. In difficult liquids or highly reactive treatment chemicals even so-called “inert” tracers end up reacting and their fluorescence changes. As a result they are inconsistent and cannot be used to measure the amount of treatment chemical present. But by encapsulating the tracer dyes, even non inert tracer dyes become inert and they can reliably be used to measure the amount of treatment chemical present even if highly reactive or in a difficult liquid.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and chemicals that can be used as fluorescent tracers in the treatment of raw water and/or industrial wastewater. The fluorescent tracers are certain chemicals discovered to have beneficial properties for such uses, particularly having little variance in fluorescence emission for conditions that are known to interfere with fluorescence emission. The fluorescent tracers comprise rhodamine dyes.