Abstract: A substrate processing method includes a first processing liquid supplying step of supplying a first processing liquid to an upper surface of a substrate, a holding-layer forming step of solidifying or curing the first processing liquid to form a particle holding layer on the upper surface of the substrate, a holding-layer removing step of peeling and removing the particle holding layer from the upper surface of the substrate, a liquid film forming step of forming, after removal of the particle holding layer from the substrate, a liquid film of a second processing liquid, a gas phase layer forming step of forming a gas phase layer for holding the liquid film between the upper surface of the substrate and the liquid film, and a liquid film removing step of removing the second processing liquid from the upper surface of the substrate by moving the liquid film on the gas phase layer.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes, on a tread surface, circumferential main grooves extending in a tread circumferential direction, and land portions defined between circumferential main grooves adjacent in a tread width direction among the circumferential main grooves, or by a circumferential main groove and a tread edge. The land portions include widthwise grooves (and/or widthwise sipes), extending in the tread width direction, each including a gradually decreasing groove (sipe) width portion in which a groove (sipe) width gradually decreases from the tread surface towards an inner side in the tire radial direction, a constant groove (sipe) width portion that extends from the gradually decreasing groove (sipe) width portion towards the inner side in the tire radial direction and has a constant groove (sipe) width, and a branched groove (sipe) portion branching and extending from the constant groove (sipe) width portion towards the inner side in the tire radial direction.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor including: a substrate with a main surface; at least two magnetoresistive effect elements formed on the main surface and connected to a power terminal of a bridge circuit; at least two magnetoresistive effect elements formed on the main surface and connected to a ground terminal of the bridge circuit; a first region in which one of the at least two magnetoresistive effect elements connected to the power terminal and one of the at least two magnetoresistive effect elements connected to the ground terminal are disposed; a second region in which another of the at least two magnetoresistive effect elements connected to the power terminal and another of the at least two magnetoresistive effect elements connected to the ground terminal are disposed; and a bias coil including a first bias application part for applying a bias magnetic field to the first region and a second bias application part for applying a bias magnetic field to the second region.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor including: a substrate with a main surface; at least two magnetoresistive effect elements formed on the main surface and connected to a power terminal of a bridge circuit; at least two magnetoresistive effect elements formed on the main surface and connected to a ground terminal of the bridge circuit; a first region in which one of the at least two magnetoresistive effect elements connected to the power terminal and one of the at least two magnetoresistive effect elements connected to the ground terminal are disposed; a second region in which another of the at least two magnetoresistive effect elements connected to the power terminal and another of the at least two magnetoresistive effect elements connected to the ground terminal are disposed; and a bias coil including a first bias application part for applying a bias magnetic field to the first region and a second bias application part for applying a bias magnetic field to the second region.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor includes: a first current line, a second current line and a third current line that are disposed in parallel to each other in sequence in a width direction and electrically connected in series; and a magnetoresistive effect element disposed under the second current line and extending along a direction of extension of the second current line, the magnetoresistive effect element having an electric resistance that changes by an induced magnetic field generated by current flowing through the first current line, the second current line and the third current line, the following inequality expression (1) being satisfied: Ls/Wg?5??(1) where Ls is a length from an outside of the first current line to an outside of the third current line in a width direction, and Wg is a length in the width direction of the magnetoresistive effect element.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor device that includes an annular magnetic body, a coil wound around the magnetic body, the coil configured to apply a magnetic field that rotates 360 degrees by a half way point in a peripheral direction of the magnetic body, and a magnetoresistance effect element arranged at a center of the annular magnetic body and including a fixed layer having a magnetization direction fixed in a direction of the magnetic field to be measured. The magnetic body includes a tapered portion located at a position where a line passing through the center of the magnetic body and extending in a shorter-axis direction intersects the magnetic body, the tapered portion having a narrowed portion narrowed down toward the magnetoresistance effect element, and having dumbbell-shaped inner and outer peripheries, and the narrowed portion having a width reduced toward the magnetoresistance effect element.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor device comprises a thin film first magnetic body provided with a magnetic path convergence/divergence section arranged on a predetermined axis, and at least a pair of wing-shaped sections extending from the magnetic path convergence/divergence section toward the opposite sides of the axis, a thin film second magnetic body provided with a magnetic path convergence/divergence section arranged on the predetermined axis to be spaced from the magnetic path convergence/divergence section of the first magnetic body, at least a pair of wing-shaped sections extending from this magnetic path convergence divergence toward the opposite sides of the axis, a first coil wound around the first magnetic body, a second coil wound around the second magnetic body, and a magnetoresistance effect element arranged between the magnetic path convergence/divergence section of the first magnetic body and the of the second magnetic body, wherein the first coil applies a magnetic field to a magnetic path of the first ma

Abstract: A magnetic sensor device includes a thin film first magnetic body provided with a magnetic path convergence/divergence section arranged on a predetermined axis, and at least a pair of wing-shaped sections extending from the magnetic path convergence/divergence section toward the opposite sides of said axis, a thin film second magnetic body provided with a magnetic path convergence/divergence section arranged on the predetermined axis to be spaced from the magnetic path convergence/divergence section of the first magnetic body, at least a pair of wing-shaped sections extending from this magnetic path convergence divergence toward the opposite sides of the axis, a first coil wound around the first magnetic body, a second coil wound around the second magnetic body, and a magnetoresistance effect element arranged between the magnetic path convergence/divergence section of the first magnetic body and the of the second magnetic body.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a magnetic medium, a magnetic encoder, and a method for manufacturing a magnetic medium with high reliability that can obtain the sufficient signal output, while reducing the hysteresis error. The magnetic medium is relatively movable with respect to a magnetic sensor for detecting a magnetic field in a magnetosensitive face.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor includes a plurality of magneto-resistive effect elements each configured by using a magneto-resistive effect film formed by laminating a pinned layer, a nonmagnetic layer, and a free layer in order from a side of a substrate. A first linear pattern is formed in a first portion on the substrate in a first direction. A second linear pattern is formed in a second portion on the substrate in a second direction. A magnetization direction of the first portion is different from a magnetization direction of the second portion. The magneto-resistive effect film is further formed on the substrate. Each of the plurality of magneto-resistive effect elements includes a pair of electrodes formed by the magneto-resistive effect film processed into a predetermined shape.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor includes: a first current line, a second current line and a third current line that are disposed in parallel to each other in sequence in a width direction and electrically connected in series; and a magnetoresistive effect element disposed under the second current line and extending along a direction of extension of the second current line, the magnetoresistive effect element having an electric resistance that changes by an induced magnetic field generated by current flowing through the first current line, the second current line and the third current line, the following inequality expression (1) being satisfied: Ls/Wg?5 ??(1) where Ls is a length from an outside of the first current line to an outside of the third current line in a width direction, and Wg is a length in the width direction of the magnetoresistive effect element.

Abstract: A magnetic medium is magnetized in the relative movement direction at a predefined pitch km and a magnetic sensor includes plural magnetoresistive elements whose electrical resistance value changes depending on a magnetic field at a place where the magnetoresistive element is disposed. A position where the magnetoresistive element is disposed is defined as a reference position and, in addition to the magnetoresistive element of this reference position, the magnetoresistive elements as harmonic reducing patterns are disposed at the following positions, with P(n) defined as the n-th prime: a position offset by ?m/(2·P(n)) from the reference position toward at least one side of the relative movement direction, wherein N?n>1 and N is a natural number satisfying N>3, and a position further offset by ?m/(2·P(L+1)) from a position offset by ?m/(2·P(L)), wherein 1<L<N.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a magnetic medium, a magnetic encoder, and a method for manufacturing a magnetic medium with high reliability that can obtain the sufficient signal output, while reducing the hysteresis error.

Abstract: Provided are a self-pinned spin valve magnetoresistance effect film, a magnetic sensor using the same, and a rotation angle detection device. The self-pinned spin valve magnetoresistance effect film has a strong coupling magnetic field in a pinned layer, a small reduction in the change in resistance, and superior resistance to magnetic fields without reducing the coercive force in a first ferromagnetic layer, which is a pinned layer in the film, even when exposed to a strong external magnetic field. By inserting a non-magnetic layer between a ground layer and a pinned layer to form the spin valve magnetoresistance effect film, the self-pinned spin valve magnetoresistance effect film having superior resistance to magnetic fields, a magnetic sensor using the same, and a rotation angle detection device are obtained.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor device includes a thin film first magnetic body provided with a magnetic path convergence/divergence section arranged on a predetermined axis, and at least a pair of wing-shaped sections extending from the magnetic path convergence/divergence section toward the opposite sides of said axis, a thin film second magnetic body provided with a magnetic path convergence/divergence section arranged on the predetermined axis to be spaced from the magnetic path convergence/divergence section of the first magnetic body, at least a pair of wing-shaped sections extending from this magnetic path convergence divergence toward the opposite sides of the axis, a first coil wound around the first magnetic body, a second coil wound around the second magnetic body, and a magnetoresistance effect element arranged between the magnetic path convergence/divergence section of the first magnetic body and the of the second magnetic body.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor includes a plurality of magneto-resistive effect elements each configured by using a magneto-resistive effect film formed by laminating a pinned layer, a nonmagnetic layer, and a free layer in order from a side of a substrate. A first linear pattern is formed in a first portion on the substrate in a first direction. A second linear pattern is formed in a second portion on the substrate in a second direction. A magnetization direction of the first portion is different from a magnetization direction of the second portion. The magneto-resistive effect film is further formed on the substrate. Each of the plurality of magneto-resistive effect elements includes a pair of electrodes formed by the magneto-resistive effect film processed into a predetermined shape.

Abstract: To provide a magnetic encoder that is stable relative to an outside force and has only small variation of a gap between a magnetic sensor and a magnetic medium. The magnetic encoder includes a magnetic medium placed on a first member and a magnetic sensor placed on the second member, the first and second member for moving relative to each other. The magnetic sensor includes a sensor substrate, a sensor holding plate for holding the sensor substrate, and a wire for extracting a signal from the magneto-resistive element to outside. The sensor holding plate includes a fixing portion for fixing the sensor holding plate to the second member, a sensor holding member for holding the sensor substrate, and a plurality of arm portions provided in the relative movement direction with the sensor holding member in-between and extending from the fixing portion to constitute a cantilever.

Abstract: To provide a method which can define the direction and orientation of magnetization of a pinned layer while reducing the number of steps of forming a GMR film. The magnetization direction of the pinned layer is defined in a plurality of directions by forming a plurality of patterns having directivities. Further, when the magneto-resistive effect film is formed, a magnetic field is applied in a direction at an angle set between the angles of the plurality of patterns.

Abstract: A magnetic medium is magnetized in the relative movement direction at a predefined pitch ?m and a magnetic sensor includes plural magnetoresistive elements whose electrical resistance value changes depending on a magnetic field at a place where the magnetoresistive element is disposed. A position where the magnetoresistive element is disposed is defined as a reference position and, in addition to the magnetoresistive element of this reference position, the magnetoresistive elements as harmonic reducing patterns are disposed at the following positions, with P(n) defined as the n-th prime: a position offset by ?m/(2·P(n)) from the reference position toward at least one side of the relative movement direction, wherein N?n>1 and N is a natural number satisfying N>3, and a position further offset by ?m/(2·P(L+1)) from a position offset by ?m/(2·P(L)), wherein 1<L<N.

Abstract: There is provided an angle sensor and angle detection device of high output and high accuracy with a wide operating temperature range. First through eighth sensor units 511, 522, 523, 514, 531, 542, 543 and 534 are produced from spin valve magnetoresistive films that use a self-pinned type ferromagnetic pinned layer comprising two layers of ferromagnetic films that are strongly and anti-ferromagnetically coupled. The respective sensor units are produced via the formation and patterning of thin-films magnetized at angles that differ by 90°, and the formation of insulation films. By using, for the ferromagnetic films, CoFe and FeCo films that have similar Curie temperatures to make the difference in magnetization amount be zero, high immunity to external magnetic fields, a broad adaptive temperature range, and high output are realized.