Abstract: There is provided a liquid discharge head including: a communication plate having a plurality of descenders in respective communication with a plurality of nozzles, a pressure chamber plate being stacked on the communication plate and having a plurality of pressure chambers, a piezoelectric element arranged in a position overlapping with the pressure chambers in a stacking direction, and a discharge common channel extending in an array direction and being in communication with the plurality of pressure chambers. The discharge common channel includes: a first discharge portion formed in the communication plate; and a second discharge portion formed in the pressure chamber plate and in communication with the first discharge portion, the second discharge portion reaching as high as to a surface of the pressure chambers at the side of the piezoelectric element along the stacking direction.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing an element array, prepared is an adhesive sheet in which elements are arranged in a predetermined array on an adhesive layer. A specific element among the arrayed elements is removed from the adhesive sheet by radiating a laser to the specific element. The arrayed elements are directly or indirectly transferred onto a mounting substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing an element array includes a substrate hold means, a laser radiation device, and a collection mechanism. The substrate hold means holds a substrate including an adhesive layer on which elements are attached in a predetermined array while a surface of the adhesive layer is inclined relative to a horizontal surface at a predetermined angle. The laser radiation device radiates a laser to a specific element among the elements attached on the adhesive layer. The collection mechanism is disposed below the substrate and configured to receive the specific element falling by the laser radiation.

Abstract: A liquid jetting apparatus comprises a flow passage member which has a pressure chamber communicated with a nozzle and a liquid supply port communicated with the pressure chamber; a piezoelectric element with which the flow passage member is provided so that the piezoelectric element is overlapped with the pressure chamber; a protective member which is arranged on the flow passage member so that the piezoelectric element is covered therewith; and a supply member which is formed with a supply flow passage communicated with the liquid supply port of the flow passage member and which is adhered to extend over the flow passage member and the protective member; wherein a layer of a first adhesive to adhere the protective member and the supply member is thicker than a layer of a second adhesive to adhere the flow passage member and the supply member.

Abstract: A resin package defining a recess includes a first lead having an element-mounting region, a second lead having a wire-connecting region, and a resin body including first to third resin portions. The third resin portion surrounds the element-mounting region. Each of the first and second leads includes a first plating and a second plating covering at least a portion of the first plating. The wire-connecting region is located outward of the third resin portion. The element-mounting region is located on an outermost surface of the second plating. In a top view, the wire-connecting region is located laterally inward of a portion of the second plating of the second lead that has an outermost surface located higher than that of the first plating of the second lead.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a light emitting device, including: providing a first structure including: providing a lead frame which includes providing a metal plate including a plurality of pairs of first and second metal parts, each metal part including an upper surface, a lower surface, and an end surface, the end surface of the first metal part and the end surface of the second metal part of each pair are opposite to each other, and a first region including the end surface, and disposing a mask of a resist film on the first region using an electrodeposition technique, disposing a first plated layer containing gold or gold alloy on a second region including the upper surface other than the first region on at least one of the upper surface, the lower surface, and the end surface of each of the first and second metal parts using a plating technique, and removing the resist film, providing a resin molded body molded integrally with the lead frame with parts of a lower surface of the lead frame being exposed, in

Abstract: The evaporative fuel processing system includes a fuel tank, a canister, a pump, a pressure detection unit, a temperature detection unit, and a leak diagnosis unit a leak diagnosis unit configured to diagnose leak in the diagnostic object based on a first pressure change which is a change in pressure detected by the pressure detection unit when the temperature in the diagnostic object changes, a second pressure change which is a change in pressure detected by the pressure detection unit when the inside of the diagnostic object is pressurized or depressurized by the pump, a detected temperature by the temperature detection unit, a first preparation information and a second preparation information.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a first storage storing writing data, a second storage storing correction data for correcting an error in a writing position due to factors including bending of the substrate, a cell data allocator virtually dividing a writing region of the substrate into blocks, and allocating a cell to the blocks in consideration of the correction data, a plurality of bitmap data generators virtually dividing the blocks into meshes, calculating an irradiation amount per mesh region, and generating bitmap data which assigns the irradiation amount to each mesh region, and a shot data generator generating shot data that defines an irradiation time for each beam. The cell data allocator virtually divides the writing region by division lines in a direction different from a writing forward direction to generate a plurality of division regions. The plurality of bitmap data generators generate pieces of bitmap data of the different division regions.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes a light emitting element having a pad electrode, and a metal member connected to the pad electrode via a wire. The wire has a layered structure including at least a core material containing copper as a main component, an intermediate layer containing palladium as a main component, and a surface layer containing silver as a main component. The intermediate layer is arranged between the core material and the surface layer.

Abstract: A metallic structure for an optical semiconductor device, including a base body having disposed thereon at least in part metallic layers in the following order; a nickel or nickel alloy plated layer, a gold or gold alloy plated layer, and a silver or silver alloy plated layer, wherein the silver or silver alloy plated layer has a thickness in a range of 0.001 ?m or more and 0.01 ?m or less.

Abstract: A metallic structure for an optical semiconductor device including a conductive base body having disposed thereon metallic layers in the following order: a nickel or nickel alloy plated layer, a gold or gold alloy plated layer, and an indium or indium alloy plated layer, wherein the indium or indium alloy plated layer has a thickness in a range of 0.002 ?m or more and 0.3 ?m or less.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes: a first channel member including a liquid channel. The liquid channel includes: pressure chambers connected respectively to nozzles and arranged in a first direction; throttle channels connected to the pressure chambers and extending from connection portions with the pressure chambers toward a first side in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction; and coupling channels arranged in the first direction, each of the coupling channels being connected to two or more of the throttle channels that are adjacent to each other in the first direction, extending in a third direction orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction, having openings in a surface in the third direction of the first channel member.

Abstract: A liquid discharging head includes a channel member having a nozzle surface formed with first nozzles, second nozzles, third nozzles and fourth nozzles. The channel member is formed with: a first distributing channel communicating with a first storage chamber and extending in a first direction, a second distributing channel communicating with a second storage chamber, extending in the first direction, and arranged side by side to the first distributing channel in a second direction, a first common channel communicating with the first nozzles, a second common channel communicating with the second nozzles, a third common channel communicating with the third nozzles, and a fourth common channel communicating with the fourth nozzles. The first to fourth common channels each extend in a third direction crossing the first and second directions, and partially overlaps with the first and second distributing channels in a fourth direction orthogonal to the nozzle surface.

Abstract: A fake nail including an electronic paper as a display member and having a simple structure, which can easily update a display, is provided. A fake nail 1 including the electronic paper as the display member is mounted on a nail of a user using a fixing member 2 such as an electrically-conductive binding material and the like. In a state wherein the fake nail 1 is mounted, a display update device 3 generates an ion wind, and the generated ion wind is blown onto the fake nail 1. By electrical charging caused by the ion wind, an electric potential is applied to the electronic paper contained in the fake nail 1, and the display of the electronic paper is updated to a color according to the electric potential.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method is for creating writing data used in a multi charged particle beam writing apparatus. The method includes partitioning a polygonal figure included in design data into a plurality of trapezoids that each include at least one pair of opposite sides parallel along a first direction and that join so as to be continuous in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction while a side parallel to the first direction serves as a common side, and creating the writing data by, when a first trapezoid, a second trapezoid, and a third trapezoid join along the second direction, representing a position of a common vertex shared by the second trapezoid and the third trapezoid using displacements in the first direction and the second direction from a position of a common vertex shared by the first trapezoid and the second trapezoid. In at least one of the plurality of trapezoids, different dose amounts are defined in the first direction.

Abstract: A lead frame includes a base material and two or more silver-containing layers. The base material is composed of a metal. The two or more silver-containing layers are stacked on the base material. The two or more silver-containing layers includes an uppermost silver-containing layer containing sulfur, and a lower silver-containing layer. The lower silver-containing layer contains no selenium or the lower silver-containing layer is composed substantially only of silver. A method for manufacturing a light emitting device includes: preparing a lead frame; preparing a package including the lead frame; and mounting a light emitting element on the package. The lead frame is prepared by: providing a base material; forming an underlying metal on the base material by plating to form an underlayer; and forming two or more silver-containing stacked layers on the underlayer, the two or more silver-containing stacked layers including an uppermost silver-containing layer containing sulfur.

Abstract: A controller controls a valve device for opening and closing of a passage to control a flow of evaporative fuel evaporating and flowing from a fuel tank. The valve device includes a valve body housed in the passage to open and close the passage, a biasing member biasing the valve body to close the passage, and a driver driving the valve body to open the fuel passage. The controller includes a detector detecting load of the driver and a determiner to determine the position of the valve body. The determiner determines that the passage is open when a magnitude of the change of the driver load is equal to or greater than a threshold value. The controller accurately detects an open valve position without detecting an internal pressure change of the fuel tank.

Abstract: A liquid ejection apparatus, including: first piezoelectric elements arranged on an element-disposed surface in a first direction; a protective cover covering the first piezoelectric elements and including a top wall portion and two side wall portions connected thereto; first wires drawn respectively from the first piezoelectric elements to an outside of the protective cover in a second direction parallel to the element-disposed surface and orthogonal to the first direction and extending on an outer surface of the top wall portion via an outer surface of a corresponding side wall portion; first terminals disposed on the outer surface of the top wall portion and connected respectively to the first wires; and a driver electrically connected to the first terminals, wherein a distance in the first direction between any adjacent two of the first wires on an outer surface of the protective cover is larger than that on the element-disposed surface.

Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing a liquid discharge head, including: forming a stacked body having a structure and a protective member stacked on the structure, providing a first mask on an upper surface of the protective member to cover a through hole; forming a protective film by an atomic layer deposition on a surface defining a liquid flow channel of the stacked body provided with the first mask; and removing the first mask after forming the protective film.

Abstract: A apparatus according to an embodiment includes a unit to generate first blocks in a writing region in which at least one of writing groups respectively using different base doses is to be written, a unit to generate second blocks for proximity effect correction, in the each of the regions of the groups, a unit to calculate an area density in each of the first blocks, a unit to perform a weighting calculation on the area density for each of the first blocks by using a base dose of a corresponding group, a unit to calculate a dose coefficient for proximity effect correction, for each of the second blocks, by using a corresponding weighted area density, and a unit to calculate a dose by using the base dose of the each of the groups and the dose coefficient of the each of the second blocks.