Abstract: A one-piece type video camera comprises a device for taking the image of a subject, a device for collecting the voice and a device for magnetically recording the image and voice, all of which are built in the camera as one piece. The voice collecting device includes a microphone for collecting the voice incoming from the subject and another microphone for collecting the operator's voice. The operator's voice is subtracted from the voice incoming from the subject such that only the latter will be recorded. The operator's voice is utilized in the voice recognition technique so as to control the entire system of the video camera. In a preferred embodiment, the microphones are directional microphones.

Abstract: By reverse biasing the PN junction formed around a semiconductor element, the semiconductor element is isolated from other elements. The PN junction around the semiconductor element is a junction between a layer surrounding the semiconductor element and a layer disposed outside the layer. Jointly with the layer constituting the semiconductor, the layer surrounding the semiconductor element forms a parasitic diode. The potential of the layer on the semiconductor element to be connected to the layer surrounding the semiconductor element is detected, and based on this potential, the voltage to be applied to the parasitic diode is controlled so as to be constant. When the voltage to be applied to the parasitic diode is lower than a threshold, the parasitic diode will be in a cutoff state.

Abstract: A one-piece type video camera comprises a device for taking the image of a subject, a device for collecting the voice and a device for magnetically recording the image and voice, all of which are built in the camera as one piece. The voice collecting device includes a microphone for collecting the voice incoming from the subject and another microphone for collecting the operator's voice. The operator's voice is subtracted from the voice incoming from the subject such that only the latter will be recorded. The operator's voice is utilized in the voice recognition technique so as to control the entire system of the video camera. In a preferred embodiment, the microphones are directional microphones.

Abstract: A one-piece type video camera comprises a device for taking the image of a subject, a device for collecting the voice and a device for magnetically recording the image and voice, all of which are built in the camera as one piece. The voice collecting device includes a microphone for collecting the voice incoming from the subject and another microphone for collecting the operator's voice. The operator's voice is subtracted from the voice incoming from the subject such that only the latter will be recorded. The operator's voice is utilized in the voice recognition technique so as to control the entire system of the video camera. In a preferred embodiment, the microphones are directional microphones.

Abstract: In a magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus, audio signals are recorded over a track where video signals have been recorded. The audio signals are subject to time base compression, and are recorded on a magnetic recording medium. The audio signals undergo time base expansion before they are reproduced. When recording television signals from a plurality of channels on one magnetic recording medium or reproducing video signals intermittently, the audio signals are recorded without interruption.

Abstract: A rotating magnetic head for a magnetic recording reproduction system. The rotating magnetic head detects the position of the rotating head placed on the periphery of a rotating drum, and perform servo control of the position of the movable head. The detection of the position of the rotating head is realized by an optical, non-contact mechanism or by detecting the difference of the track scanned by fixed heads. The former requires more than one movable heads and the latter requires a fixed head.

Abstract: A driver device for magnetic heads for a magnetic recording and reproduction apparatus. The driver device drives at least one combined head including at least two head members, each head member having a winding coil, and the effective gap width of the combined head is changed by selectively short-circuiting at least one of the winding coils. By switching a connection between the combined head and a record amplifier or a reproduction head amplifier, the effective gap width of the combined head is changed either to a narrow effective gap width for n time speed recording or reproducing or to a wide effective gap width for standard speed recording or reproducing.

Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic latent images with a good combination of fixability, anti-offset characteristic, anti-sticking characteristic and pulverizability contains a composition comprising a colorant or magnetic material and a binder resin. The binder resin has 0.1 to 60 wt. % of a chloroform-insoluble or a THF (tetrahydrofuran)-insoluble component and a THF-soluble component, the THF-soluble providing a molecular weight distribution in the chromatogram of GPC (gel permeation chromatography) thereof such that there is a main peak in the molecular weight range of 1,000 to 25,000 and a sub-peak or shoulder in the molecular weight range of 2,000 to 150,000. The binder resin may suitably be obtained through two polymerization steps including a solution polymerization step and a suspension polymerization step.

Abstract: An automatic tracking control system with a servo loop, controlled by a tracking control signal, that adjusts the position of a pickup head in relation to tracks scanned by the head. Adjacent-track crosstalk is extracted by a crosstalk detector and envelope-detected by a crosstalk envelope detector. An automatic tracking control circuit varies the tracking control signal, finds a state that minimizes the crosstalk envelope, and maintains the tracking control signal at or near that state.For double-deck recording systems in which one signal is recorded in surface tracks over another signal, the automatic tracking control circuit seeks a best compromise between minimizing the crosstalk envelope of one of the signals while maximizing the envelope of the other signal.

Abstract: A rotary magnetic head device in a magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus such as a VTR apparatus and a DAT apparatus which adopts a helical scanning system. In order to prevent the demagnetization of a magnetic tape and reduce a jitter component of a reproducing signal, a head unit moves the magnetic head in the diametrical direction of a rotary drum. The head unit has a bobbin inserted into the center holes of a plurality of spring leaves, and the bobbin is moved in the diametrical direction of the rotary drum by the electromagnetic force produced on the coil wound around the bobbin. A head arm attached to the spring leaf is thereby moved in the same direction, thereby varying the amount of projection of the magnetic head. The amount of projection of the magnetic head is controlled in correspondence with the level of the envelope of a reproducing signal so as to be set at the minimum value in the range in which the output level of the envelope signal is saturated.

Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic latent images with a good combination of fixability, anti-offset characteristic, anti-sticking characteristic and pulverizability is provided as a composition comprising a colorant or magnetic material and a binder resin. The binder resin has 0.1 to 60 wt. % of a chloroform-insoluble or a THF (tetrahydrofuran)insoluble and a THF-soluble, the THF-soluble providing a molecular weight distribution in the chromatogram of GPC (gel permeation chromatography) thereof such that there are a main peak in the molecular weight range of 1,000 to 25,000 and a sub-peak or shoulder in the molecular weight range of 2,000 to 150,000. The binder resin may suitably be obtained through two polymerization steps including a solution polymerization step and a suspension polymerization step.

Abstract: A magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus for reproducing information from a track recorded on a magnetic tape made to travel by being driven by a capstan. Even if a track has been recorded in a curved form, a magnetic head is displaced substantially perpendicularly to a rotational axis of a rotating drum in correspondence with the curve so as to trace the track. A signal read from the track by the magnetic head is subjected to envelope detection and is converted to a digital envelope signal. The capstan is driven and controlled such that the intensity of the digital envelope signal becomes substantially maximum.

Abstract: An automatic tracking control system for use in a magnetic recording and/or reproducing apparatus, which system includes a servo control circuit for controlling a tracking phase of a rotary head assembly; a search control circuit for causing the servo control circuit to vary the tracking phase in a predetermined quantity thereby to make a search so as to reciprocate within a predetermined tracking phase area; a detecting circuit for detecting envelope voltage values of an audio signal and a video signal reproduced for each search point and summing such signals together to provide a composite envelope value; and a reference tracking phase setting circuit for detecting the tracking phase, at which an optimum tracking can be attained when the reproduced signals are integrated from the composite envelope value, thereby to set a reference tracking phase which provides a reference value to the servo control circuit.

Abstract: While prior art apparatus for magnetic recording and playback (VTRs) were unable to perform magnetic recording of an FM signal with an optimum recording current responding to change of the optimum recording current dependent on kinds of magnetic tapes used and wear of heads, the magnetic recording of an FM signal with the optimum recording current at all times has been made possible by having a recorded signal along a track of a magnetic tape read by a level servo head scanning the track following the signal recording and having the recording current controlled to be optimized by use of a recording current controlling device based on the playback signal output from the level servo head. As a result, improvement of the S/N ratio and automatic adjustment of the recording current can be achieved. Further, by means of a head drive unit, the position of the level servo head is finely adjusted so that the control for optimization of the recording current is performed accurately.

Abstract: A video signal processing apparatus which is adapted to a VTR (video tape recorder) and various other video players for processing a video signal so as to reduce noise. A video signal passed through a demodulator and a deemphasis circuit is input to a noise canceller circuit so as to remove most of the noise component thereof. The video signal is then provided with narrow and deep peaks at the respective rising transient portion and the breaking transient portion with bipolarity by an outline emphasizing circuit. Thus, smooth signal processing of the group delay characteristic is enabled in a wide frequency band, thereby producing a video signal having excellent sharpness and not including a strain such as overshoot or ringing.

Abstract: A developer for developing electrostatic images, containing a magnetic toner having a binder resin and magnetic powder, the developer containing 17-60% by number of magnetic toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, containing 1-23% by number of magnetic toner particles of 8-12.7 microns, and containing 2.0% by volume or less of magnetic toner particles of 16 microns or larger; wherein the magnetic toner has a volume-average particle size of 4-9 microns, and the magnetic toner particles of 5 microns or smaller have a particle size distribution satisfying the following:N/V=-0.04N+k,wherein N denotes % by number of magnetic toner particles of 5 micron or smaller, V denotes % by volume of magnetic toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, k denotes a positive number of 4.5-6.5, and N denotes a positive number of 17-60.

Abstract: A developer for developing electrostatic images, comprising a non-magnetic toner, the toner containing 17-60% by number of non-magnetic toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, containing 1-30% by number of non-magnetic toner particles of 8-12.7 microns, and containing 2.0% by volume or less of nonmagnetic toner particles of 16 microns or larger; wherein the non-magnetic toner has a volume-average particle size of 4-10 microns, and the non-magnetic toner particles of 5 microns or smaller have a particle size distribution satisfying the following formula:N/V=-0.04N+k,wherein N denotes % by number of non-magnetic toner particles of 5 microns of smaller, V denotes % by volume of non-magnetic toner particles of 5 microns or smaller k denotes a positive number of 4.5-6.5, and N denotes a positive number of 17-60.

Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic latent images with a good combination of fixability, anti-offset characteristic, anti-sticking characteristic and pulverizability is provided as a composition comprising a colorant or magnetic material and a binder resin. The binder resin has 0.1 to 60 wt. % of a chloroform-insoluble or a THF (tetrahydrofuran)-insoluble and a THF-soluble, the THF-soluble providing a molecular weight distribution in the chromatogram of GPC (gel permeation chromatography) thereof such that there are a main peak in the molecular weight range of 1,000 to 25,000 and a sub-peak or shoulder in the molecular weight range of 2,000 to 150,000. The binder resin may suitably be obtained through two polymerization steps including a solution polymerization step and a suspension polymerization step.

Abstract: A developer for developing electrostatic images, comprising a magnetic toner comprising a binder resin and magnetic powder, the developer containing 17-60% by number of magnetic toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, containing 1-23% by number of magnetic toner particles of 8-12.7 microns, and containing 2.0% by volume or less of magnetic toner particles of 16 microns or larger; wherein the magnetic toner has a volume-average particle size of 4-9 microns, and the magnetic toner particles of 5 microns or smaller have a particle size distribution satisfying the following formula:N/V=-0.04N+k,wherein N denotes % by number of magnetic toner particles of 5 micron or smaller, V denotes % by volume of magnetic toner particles of 5 microns or smaller, k denotes a positive number of 4.5-6.5, and N denotes a positive number of 17-60.

Abstract: The intermittent magnetic recording/reproducing device of the present invention intermittently drives a rotating drum (10) by an intermittent driving circuit (6) and surface-records a frequency-modulated video signal on a magnetic tape intermittently by video heads (11, 12). On the other hand, an audio signal is converted into a digital signal by an AD converter (22), whose bit number is decreased by a 6-4 converter (23) and a correction code is added thereto by a correction code generation circuit (24). The time base of the digital audio signal is compressed by a time base compression modulation circuit (25) and the signal is deep-recorded on the magnetic tape by audio heads (13, 14) provided on the rotating drum (10). Audio heads (13, 14) have a wider gap width than the video heads (11, 12) and the azimuth angle thereof is different from that of the video heads. Therefore, even if the video signal and the digital audio signal are recorded on the same track, there is no interference between each other.