Abstract: A molecular sensor of an embodiment includes a sensitive film including a plurality of metal organic framework particles, and a detector configured to be capable of measuring a change in physical quantity due to adsorption of a target molecule to the sensitive film. Pores are present between the plurality of metal organic framework particles, and the pores are any of mesopores of 2 nm or more and 50 nm or less, micropores smaller than the mesopores, and macropores larger than the mesopores. A sum of areas of the micropores is defined as Smi, a sum of areas of the mesopores is defined as Sme, a sum of areas of the macropores is defined as Sma, and an area of an entire image analysis area is defined as Stotal, in an image analysis area by two-dimensional image analysis on a cross section of the sensitive film in a thickness direction. Pore distribution satisfies 0.35?Sme/(Smi+Sme+Sma), 0.01?Smi+Sme+Sma)/Stotal?0.5.

Abstract: A molecular sensor includes: a base; and a sensitive film provided above the base and containing a metal organic framework and a hydrophobic polymer, a contact angle respect to water of the hydrophobic polymer being larger than that of the metal organic framework. The metal organic framework is on the base side of the sensitive film, and the hydrophobic polymer is above the metal organic framework in the sensitive film.

Abstract: On-press developable, negative-working infrared radiation-sensitive lithographic printing plate precursors have an aluminum-containing substrate having at least inner and outer aluminum oxide layers. A hydrophilic layer is present on the outer aluminum oxide layer at 0.0002-0.1 g/m2 and contains a phosphorus-containing compound represented by Formula (I) at a coverage of 50-300 mg/m2. A hydrophilic polymer can also be present at a lower coverage than that of the phosphorus-containing compound. These precursors have an on-press developable, negative-working infrared radiation-sensitive imageable layer having at least a free radically polymerizable component; an initiator composition that provides free radicals upon exposure to imaging infrared radiation; an infrared radiation absorber having an anionic chromophore; and optionally a polymeric binder that is different from all other components.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate precursor has an infrared radiation-sensitive image-recording layer containing an IR absorber, and an ozone-blocking material of 1500 or less molecular weight and has structure (I), (II), or (III): wherein R is a hydrocarbon having 14-30 carbon atoms; m is 1 or 2; n is 1-6; the sum of m and n is >2 and <8; and A is a multivalent organic moiety free of R and OH groups and has a valence m+n; wherein R1 and R2 are alkyl groups of 14-22 carbon atoms, and o is 1-3; R3C(?O)NR4R5?? (III) wherein R3 is an alkenyl with a C?C bond within a carbon-carbon chain of 16-30 carbons, and R4 and R5 are hydrogen or unsubstituted alkyls of 1-4 carbon atoms. Such ozone-blocking materials can be used to protect infrared radiation-sensitive dyes that may be degraded by ozone and thus improve imaging sensitivity.

Abstract: Lithographic printing plate precursors are prepared with a unique aluminum-containing substrate prepared using two separate anodizing processes to provide an inner aluminum oxide layer of average dry thickness (Ti) of 300-3,000 nm and a multiplicity of inner micropores of average inner micropore diameter (Di) of ?100 nm. An outer aluminum oxide layer is also provided to have a multiplicity of outer micropores of average outer micropore diameter (Do) of 15-30 nm and a dry thickness (To) of 30-650 nm. A hydrophilic layer disposed on the outer aluminum oxide layer at 0.0002-0.1 g/m2 has at least a hydrophilic copolymer composed of (a) recurring units having an amide group and (b) recurring units comprising an —OM group directly connected to a phosphorus atom, wherein M represents a hydrogen, sodium, potassium, or aluminum atom.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate precursor has an infrared radiation-sensitive image-recording layer containing an IR absorber, and an ozone-blocking material of 1500 or less molecular weight and has structure (I), (II), or (III): wherein R is a hydrocarbon having 14-30 carbon atoms; m is 1 or 2; n is 1-6; the sum of m and n is >2 and <8; and A is a multivalent organic moiety free of R and OH groups and has a valence m+n; wherein R1 and R2 are alkyl groups of 14-22 carbon atoms, and o is 1-3; R3C(?O)NR4R5?? (III) wherein R3 is an alkenyl with a C?C bond within a carbon-carbon chain of 16-30 carbons, and R4 and R5 are hydrogen or unsubstituted alkyls of 1-4 carbon atoms. Such ozone-blocking materials can be used to protect infrared radiation-sensitive dyes that may be degraded by ozone and thus improve imaging sensitivity.

Abstract: Lithographic printing plate precursors are prepared with a unique substrate using two separate anodizing processes to provide an inner aluminum oxide layer of average dry thickness (Ti) of 650-3,000 nm and a multiplicity of inner micropores of average inner micropore diameter (Di) of ?15 nm. An outer aluminum oxide layer comprises a multiplicity of outer micropores of average outer micropore diameter (Do) of 15-30 nm; dry thickness (To) of 130-650 nm; and a micropore density (Co) of 500-3,000 micropores/?m2. The ratio of Do to Di is greater than 1.1:1. A hydrophilic layer disposed on the outer aluminum oxide layer has a copolymer composed of (a) recurring units and (b) recurring units, wherein the (a) recurring units have an amide group, and the (b) recurring units have at least a phosphonic acid, a phosphoric acid, a salt of a phosphonic acid, or a salt of a phosphoric acid group.

Abstract: An on-load tap changing apparatus includes a first switching unit connected to a first tap of a transformer provided in a power system and switching power supplied from the first tap, a first impedance changing unit connected in series with the first switching unit and increasing an impedance when the first switching unit executes a switching operation, a second switching unit connected to a second tap of the transformer and switching power supplied from the second tap, and a second impedance changing unit connected in series with the second switching unit and increasing an impedance when the second switching unit executes a switching operation. The on-load tap changing apparatus can suppress an arc at the time of switching, reduce deterioration of a switching unit, and have excellent durability.

Abstract: An object is to be capable of inducing a nuclear fusion reaction at a relatively high efficiency and downsize a device. A nuclear fusion device 1 of the present invention includes a nuclear fusion target 7 including a target substrate 7a containing deuterium or tritium and a thin-film layer 7b containing deuterium or tritium stacked on the target substrate 7a, a vacuum container 5 for storing the nuclear fusion target 7, and a laser unit 3 for irradiating two successive first and second pulsed laser lights P1, P2 toward the thin-film layer 7b of the nuclear fusion target 7, and the intensity of the first pulsed laser light P1 is set to a value that is smaller than that of the second pulsed laser light P2 and allows peeling of the thin-film layer 7b from the target substrate 7a.

Abstract: A positive-working lithographic printing plate precursor exhibits satisfactory developability and has long print run length, satisfactory scratch resistance, and exhibits improved ink receptivity. This precursor has an image forming layer comprising a water-insoluble and alkali-soluble or alkali-dispersible resin. The image forming layer comprises at least a lower layer and an upper layer. A resin in at least one of the lower layer and the upper layer is a polyurethane including a recurring unit comprising a substituent having an acidic hydrogen atom and a recurring unit represented by the following formula: wherein Rf is an alkyl or polyether group in which at least 50% of hydrogen atoms have been fluorinated, R1 is a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or non-substituted alkyl group, m is 0 or 1 to 10, n is 1 to 30, and x is 1 to 4.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel low pH developing solution which does not contain an inorganic strong alkali component.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel low pH developing solution which does not contain an inorganic strong alkali component.

Abstract: An accumulator mechanism including a forcible loading mechanism and accomplishing a space saving, and an on-load tap changer including the accumulator mechanism. The accumulator mechanism includes a spring, a winding casing slidable in a direction in which the spring is compressed, and an accumulating casing slidable in a direction in which the spring is elongated. A crank rotating in a manner linked with sliding of the accumulating casing, and that catches holding the accumulating casing and the crank until the winding casing compresses the spring, are provided in the interior defined by the winding casing and the accumulating casing. An eccentric cam is provided outside the winding casing and the accumulating casing, is linked with the winding casing from an exterior thereof through a swingable joint, and slides the winding casing through the swingable joint when rotated by the electric actuator mechanism.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lithographic printing plate precursor which exhibits satisfactory ink cleanup and restart toning characteristics during printing.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a lithographic printing plate precursor which exhibits satisfactory developability using a developing solution having the pH of 12 or lower and has long print run length and satisfactory scratch resistance, and also exhibits improved ink receptivity.

Abstract: A CTP positive working lithographic printing original plate (precursor) is capable of being imaged and then developed using a negative developing solution. This positive working lithographic printing original plate has (1) a substrate thereon (2) a lower layer containing a water-insoluble and alkali-soluble resin and a photothermal conversion material, and (3) an uppermost layer containing a water-insoluble and alkali-soluble resin. In addition, the lower layer contains (a) a polymer having a perfluoroalkyl group and/or (b) a polymer having a siloxane group in a total amount of from 3 to 10% by mass.

Abstract: The present invention provides a CTP positive lithographic printing original plate which has satisfactory image contrast even after baking. Disclosed is a positive lithographic printing original plate, including a substrate, and an image forming layer containing a water-insoluble and alkali-soluble resin and a photo-thermal conversion material, formed on the substrate, wherein the image forming layer contains an acid dye as a colorant.

Abstract: An object is to be capable of inducing a nuclear fusion reaction at a relatively high efficiency and downsize a device. A nuclear fusion device 1 of the present invention includes a nuclear fusion target 7 including a target substrate 7a containing deuterium or tritium and a thin-film layer 7b containing deuterium or tritium stacked on the target substrate 7a, a vacuum container 5 for storing the nuclear fusion target 7, and a laser unit 3 for irradiating two successive first and second pulsed laser lights P1, P2 toward the thin-film layer 7b of the nuclear fusion target 7, and the intensity of the first pulsed laser light P1 is set to a value that is smaller than that of the second pulsed laser light P2 and allows peeling of the thin-film layer 7b from the target substrate 7a.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lithographic printing plate precursor which exhibits satisfactory ink cleanup and restart toning characteristics during printing.

Abstract: To provide an infrared-sensitive or heat-sensitive lithographic printing plate precursor which has high printing durability and wide development latitude, and also has good developing properties capable of preventing the formation of deposits during the development. In an infrared-sensitive or heat-sensitive lithographic printing plate precursor, comprising a substrate, a first image recording layer formed on the substrate, and a second image recording layer formed on the first image recording layer, the first image recording layer contains a resin which is soluble or dispersible in an aqueous alkali solution, and the second image recording layer contains a polyurethane which has a substituent having an acidic hydrogen atom.