Abstract: A transmission type color calibration chart includes a transparent substrate and a color bar group formed on the transparent substrate, wherein the color bar group is constituted by color bars of a plurality of colors containing at least a first color and a second color arranged in a pattern in no particular order, coordinate points of the first color are within a region encompassed by the four points (0.351, 0.649), (0.547, 0.453), (0.380, 0.506) and (0.433, 0.464) on an xy chromaticity diagram, coordinate points of the second color are within a region encompassed by the four points (0.125, 0.489), (0.112, 0.229), (0.270, 0.407) and (0.224, 0.242) on an xy chromaticity diagram, and the transmission spectrum of the first color's color bar and the transmission spectrum of the second color's color bar have peak tops that are respectively separated.

Abstract: A transmission type color calibration chart includes a transparent substrate and a color bar group formed on the transparent substrate, wherein the color bar group is constituted by color bars of a plurality of colors containing at least a first color and a second color arranged in a pattern in no particular order, coordinate points of the first color are within a region encompassed by the four points (0.351, 0.649), (0.547, 0.453), (0.380, 0.506) and (0.433, 0.464) on an xy chromaticity diagram, coordinate points of the second color are within a region encompassed by the four points (0.125, 0.489), (0.112, 0.229), (0.270, 0.407) and (0.224, 0.242) on an xy chromaticity diagram, and the transmission spectrum of the first color's color bar and the transmission spectrum of the second color's color bar have peak tops that are respectively separated.

Abstract: A transmission type color calibration chart includes a transparent substrate and a color bar group formed on the transparent substrate, wherein the color bar group is constituted by color bars of a plurality of colors containing at least a first color and a second color arranged in a pattern in no particular order, coordinate points of the first color are within a region encompassed by the four points (0.351, 0.649), (0.547, 0.453), (0.380, 0.506) and (0.433, 0.464) on an xy chromaticity diagram, coordinate points of the second color are within a region encompassed by the four points (0.125, 0.489), (0.112, 0.229), (0.270, 0.407) and (0.224, 0.242) on an xy chromaticity diagram, and the transmission spectrum of the first color's color bar and the transmission spectrum of the second color's color bar have peak tops that are respectively separated.

Abstract: A transmission type color calibration chart comprises a transparent substrate and a color bar group formed on the transparent substrate, wherein the color bar group is constituted by color bars of a plurality of colors containing at least a first color and a second color arranged in a pattern in no particular order, coordinate points of the first color are within a region encompassed by the four points (0.351, 0.649), (0.547, 0.453), (0.380, 0.506) and (0.433, 0.464) on an xy chromaticity diagram, coordinate points of the second color are within a region encompassed by the four points (0.125, 0.489), (0.112, 0.229), (0.270, 0.407) and (0.224, 0.242) on an xy chromaticity diagram, and the transmission spectrum of the first color's color bar and the transmission spectrum of the second color's color bar have peak tops that are respectively separated.

Abstract: A transmission type color calibration chart includes a transparent substrate and a color bar group formed on the transparent substrate, wherein the color bar group is constituted by color bars of a plurality of colors containing at least a first color and a second color arranged in a pattern in no particular order, coordinate points of the first color are within a region encompassed by the four points (0.351, 0.649), (0.547, 0.453), (0.380, 0.506) and (0.433, 0.464) on an xy chromaticity diagram, coordinate points of the second color are within a region encompassed by the four points (0.125, 0.489), (0.112, 0.229), (0.270, 0.407) and (0.224, 0.242) on an xy chromaticity diagram, and the transmission spectrum of the first color's color bar and the transmission spectrum of the second color's color bar have peak tops that are respectively separated.

Abstract: Provided is a taper reamer with which it is possible to achieve an improvement in machining accuracy and machining life. The taper reamer comprises a plurality of cutting edges each having a helical shape provided on the outer periphery of a cutting-edge portion having an external diameter being expanded from a front end toward a rear end thereof, wherein an intertooth angle, defined between each of a pair of the cutting edges adjacently arranged in a circumferential direction, is different from one another at any given reference position, and wherein the plurality of cutting edges each have a helix angle that is different from one another. As the plurality of cutting edges that are unequally partitioned each have the helix angle that is different from one another, a resonance during cutting can be prevented.

Abstract: Provided is a taper reamer with which it is possible to achieve an improvement in machining accuracy and machining life. The taper reamer comprises a plurality of cutting edges each having a helical shape provided on the outer periphery of a cutting-edge portion having an external diameter being expanded from a front end toward a rear end thereof, wherein an intertooth angle, defined between each of a pair of the cutting edges adjacently arranged in a circumferential direction, is different from one another at any given reference position, and wherein the plurality of cutting edges each have a helix angle that is different from one another. As the plurality of cutting edges that are unequally partitioned each have the helix angle that is different from one another, a resonance during cutting can be prevented.

Abstract: A transmission type color calibration chart includes a transparent substrate and a color bar group formed on the transparent substrate, wherein the color bar group is constituted by color bars of a plurality of colors containing at least a first color and a second color arranged in a pattern in no particular order, coordinate points of the first color are within a region encompassed by the four points (0.351, 0.649), (0.547, 0.453), (0.380, 0.506) and (0.433, 0.464) on an xy chromaticity diagram, coordinate points of the second color are within a region encompassed by the four points (0.125, 0.489), (0.112, 0.229), (0.270, 0.407) and (0.224, 0.242) on an xy chromaticity diagram, and the transmission spectrum of the first color's color bar and the transmission spectrum of the second color's color bar have peak tops that are respectively separated.

Abstract: A fault detection device capable of detecting network faults by itself with high accuracy in multi-vendor environments, without the need to interoperate with an associated device according to an identical protocol. A monitoring control packet transmitter generates a fault monitoring control packet and transmits the generated packet to the associated device with which the fault detection device need not interoperate to detect faults according to the same protocol. A transmit packet counter keeps count of the transmitted fault monitoring control packet. A receive packet counter receives a control packet transmitted from the associated device, and keeps count of the received control packet. A fault detector monitors the count of transmitted packets and the count of received packets and, if at least one of the counts remains unchanged for a fixed period of time, judges that a fault has occurred and sends a fault notification to outside.

Abstract: When a control packet is transmitted/received among devices that support a spanning tree protocol (STP), a receiving side device temporarily stores a received control packet in a buffer. When the transmission of a control packet from a transmitting side device is stopped, the control packet stored in the buffer is transferred to a STP processing unit in a specific cycle. Alternatively, the transmitting side device autonomously transmits a control packet for a specific period at specific intervals from when the STP processing unit stops its operation until it restarts the operation according to an instruction to start an automatic transmission.

Abstract: A packet router in a label switching system includes a logical router configuring module for logically dividing a label switching router (LSR) into a plurality of LSRs each having a label switching function, and a module for specifying, when setting a label switched path on the basis of an explicit route specified, a port or a port group of an egress node. With this construction, a label switching architecture in an ATM network for actualizing MPLS (label switching) can be mapped to an ATM-Switch base system architecture, and a granularity of function (Constraint Base Routing) of specifying a variety of routes provided by MPLS can be attained.

Abstract: A packet router in a label switching system includes a logical router configuring module for logically dividing a label switching router (LSR) into a plurality of LSRs each having a label switching function, and a module for specifying, when setting a label switched path on the basis of an explicit route specified, a port or a port group of an egress node. With this construction, a label switching architecture in an ATM network for actualizing MPLS (label switching) can be mapped to an ATM-Switch base system architecture, and a granularity or function (Constraint Base Routing) of specifying a variety of routes provided by MPLS can be attained.

Abstract: A bridge apparatus, which enables communications to continue even if a fault or a disability of operation occurs, causing the spanning tree protocol to become inoperable and, furthermore, provides a network capable of keeping track of status changes thereof, are provided by a bridge apparatus constituting a network connected with other bridge apparatus, comprising an STP protocol processing unit for carrying out a spanning tree protocol; a port for transmitting and receiving a bridge protocol data unit with the other bridge apparatus; a fault detection unit for detecting a fault of the spanning tree protocol by monitoring the STP protocol processing unit; and a for-fault time BPDU transmission unit for transmitting a for-fault time bridge protocol data unit to the other bridge apparatus by way of the port if the fault detection unit detects a fault, or a disability of operation, of the spanning tree protocol.

Abstract: A communication apparatus that detects a network failure by itself, without using any particular protocol to interact with other apparatuses in a multivendor virtual LAN (VLAN) environment. The communication apparatus has a group of physical link ports, including first and second ports, to provide physical link connections to an opposite apparatus. A virtual link from the first port to the second port is formed by tunneling through the opposite apparatus. A tagged packet transmission and receiving section transmits outgoing tagged packets from the first physical link port, while receiving incoming tagged packets arriving at the second physical link port. A failure detection section detects a failure on the VLAN by checking whether every tagged packet sent out of the first port can return to the second port via the virtual link that tunnels through the opposite apparatus.

Abstract: A fault detection device capable of detecting network faults by itself with high accuracy in multi-vendor environments, without the need to interoperate with an associated device according to an identical protocol. A monitoring control packet transmitter generates a fault monitoring control packet and transmits the generated packet to the associated device with which the fault detection device need not interoperate to detect faults according to the same protocol. A transmit packet counter keeps count of the transmitted fault monitoring control packet. A receive packet counter receives a control packet transmitted from the associated device, and keeps count of the received control packet. A fault detector monitors the count of transmitted packets and the count of received packets and, if at least one of the counts remains unchanged for a fixed period of time, judges that a fault has occurred and sends a fault notification to outside.

Abstract: The drill of the present invention has only one cutting discharge groove (11) formed in the outer periphery of a bit (10). A leading edge protruding farthest towards the tip in the axial direction in a tip flank (12) is composed at a single point and located on an axis (O). When bit is viewed from the tip side in the direction of axis, tip flank is in the form of a multilevel surface composed of second through fourth flanks (14B, 14C and 14D) arranged along the peripheral direction, and a reverse side first flank (14E) surrounded by second through fourth flanks and intersecting with axis.

Abstract: In a label switch network such as an MPLS, message exchange between adjacent label switch nodes by a label distribution protocol is performed by adding session identification information to the message for identifying a session to be established between the nodes, and the nodes respectively establish a plurality of sessions to be used in the same label space between the same adjacent label switch nodes based on the session identification information. As such, the simplification in designing, the improvement in flexibility, the improvement in efficiency of maintenance/operation/management, etc., of the label switch network can be expected.

Abstract: A transmission device capable of detecting a fault in communication from any of a root port, alternate port and backup port to a designated port. When the transmission device has designated ports, send request issuing unit thereof issues a send request from the designated ports to an associated transmission device to request same to transmit fault monitoring data. Receiving unit receives fault monitoring data from a root port, alternate port and backup port of the associated transmission device, and detecting unit detects a communication fault based on reception of the fault monitoring data. When the transmission device has a root port, an alternate port and a backup port, transmitting unit thereof transmits fault monitoring data from the root port, the alternate port and the backup port in response to a send request from an associated transmission device.

Abstract: When a control packet is transmitted/received among devices that support a spanning tree protocol (STP), a receiving side device temporarily stores a received control packet in a buffer. When the transmission of a control packet from a transmitting side device is stopped, the control packet stored in the buffer is transferred to a STP processing unit in a specific cycle. Alternatively, the transmitting side device autonomously transmits a control packet for a specific period at specific intervals from when the STP processing unit stops its operation until it restarts the operation according to an instruction to start an automatic transmission.

Abstract: In a packet relaying apparatus, a label distribution protocol processor performs a label assignment so that labels which a label management portion of its own processor manages and which the label management portion of an adjoining packet relaying apparatus manages are assigned in mutually reversed orders within a label available range when a directionality is determined to be unidirectional. In addition, an incoming label and an outgoing label assigned to a unidirectional FEC can be used as the outgoing label and the incoming label assigned to another FEC opposite in direction to the former FEC.