Abstract: A more practical method for evaluating an inhibitory circuit applicable to a living body, and the use thereof. Herein the action of an inhibitory circuit on an excitatory circuit is evaluated on the basis of attenuation of the brain activity produced by activation of an excitatory circuit by the input of an inhibitory circuit by performing a step for inputting an inhibitory circuit by applying a second trigger in advance of a first trigger to an excitatory circuit activated by a first trigger which is a stimulus or challenge.

Abstract: The invention provides an evaluation method capable of objectively evaluating average visual perception for a comparatively long period of time when a subject looks through an eyeglass lens to be evaluated, time-dependent change in visual perception, and visual perception when looking with both eyes, and the invention provides a design method, and the invention provides a calculation method for calculating characteristics of visual perception of the subject when viewing an object through a lens.

Abstract: A pain sensory nerve stimulation apparatus includes: an electrode portion including: a first electrode, a tip end of which is adapted to be inserted into a skin; and at lease one second electrode which is disposed in a circumference of the first electrode without being electrically conductive with the first electrode, and which is adapted to be in contact with a skin; and a stimulation signal supplying unit, supplying a bipolar stimulation signal between the first electrode and the second electrode, the bipolar stimulation signal including a first waveform signal and a second waveform, the first waveform which is convex in a negative direction in the first electrode, the second waveform signal which is convex in a positive direction in the first electrode.

Abstract: A pain sensory nerve stimulation apparatus includes: an electrode portion including: a first electrode, a tip end of which is adapted to be inserted into a skin; and at lease one second electrode which is disposed in a circumference of the first electrode without being electrically conductive with the first electrode, and which is adapted to be in contact with a skin; and a pulse signal supplier, supplying a pulse signal in which an electrical polarity of the first electrode is set as a anode and an electrical polarity of the second electrode is set as a cathode.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide an evaluation method for evaluating spectacle lenses that is capable of objectively evaluating spectacle lenses suitable for a user by measuring brain activity, and a design method for designing spectacle lenses using the evaluation method. [Solution] A subject is allowed to wear to-be-evaluated lenses, and the subject is allowed to visually observe a visual stimulus object used to evoke an activity of a specific part of the visual cortex of the brain through the to-be-evaluated lenses, and an evoked activity of the specific part of the brain's visual cortex when the visual stimulus object is visually observed by the to-be-evaluated lenses is measured by an electroencephalograph or by a magnetoencephalograph, and the spectacle lenses are evaluated based on time (latency) from when a visual stimulus is received till when a change is caused thereby or based on the magnitude (amplitude) of activity.

Abstract: A more practical method for evaluating an inhibitory circuit applicable to a living body, and the use thereof. Herein the action of an inhibitory circuit on an excitatory circuit is evaluated on the basis of attenuation of the brain activity produced by activation of an excitatory circuit by the input of an inhibitory circuit by performing a step for inputting an inhibitory circuit by applying a second trigger in advance of a first trigger to an excitatory circuit activated by a first trigger which is a stimulus or challenge.

Abstract: A pain sensory nerve stimulation apparatus includes: a stimulation electrode which is adapted to be attached to a living body, at least one of an exogenous algesic substance and pyrogen which is to be interposed between the living body and the stimulation electrode; and a stimulation power supplier which is configured to supply electric power to the stimulation electrode.

Abstract: The invention provides an evaluation method capable of objectively evaluating average visual perception for a comparatively long period of time when a subject looks through an eyeglass lens to be evaluated, time-dependent change in visual perception, and visual perception when looking with both eyes, and the invention provides a design method, and the invention provides a calculation method for calculating characteristics of visual perception of the subject when viewing an object through a lens.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide an evaluation method for evaluating spectacle lenses that is capable of objectively evaluating spectacle lenses suitable for a user by measuring brain activity, and a design method for designing spectacle lenses using the evaluation method. [Solution] A subject is allowed to wear to-be-evaluated lenses, and the subject is allowed to visually observe a visual stimulus object used to evoke an activity of a specific part of the visual cortex of the brain through the to-be-evaluated lenses, and an evoked activity of the specific part of the brain's visual cortex when the visual stimulus object is visually observed by the to-be-evaluated lenses is measured by an electroencephalograph or by a magnetoencephalograph, and the spectacle lenses are evaluated based on time (latency) from when a visual stimulus is received till when a change is caused thereby or based on the magnitude (amplitude) of activity.

Abstract: A pain sensory nerve stimulation apparatus includes: a stimulation electrode which is adapted to be attached to a living body, at least one of an exogenous algesic substance and pyrogen which is to be interposed between the living body and the stimulation electrode; and a stimulation power supplier which is configured to supply electric power to the stimulation electrode.

Abstract: A pain sensory nerve stimulation apparatus includes: an electrode portion including: a first electrode, a tip end of which is adapted to be inserted into a skin; and at lease one second electrode which is disposed in a circumference of the first electrode without being electrically conductive with the first electrode, and which is adapted to be in contact with a skin; and a stimulation signal supplying unit, supplying a bipolar stimulation signal between the first electrode and the second electrode, the bipolar stimulation signal including a first waveform signal and a second waveform, the first waveform which is convex in a negative direction in the first electrode, the second waveform signal which is convex in a positive direction in the first electrode.

Abstract: A pain sensory nerve stimulation apparatus includes: an electrode portion including: a first electrode, a tip end of which is adapted to be inserted into a skin; and at lease one second electrode which is disposed in a circumference of the first electrode without being electrically conductive with the first electrode, and which is adapted to be in contact with a skin; and a pulse signal supplier, supplying a pulse signal in which an electrical polarity of the first electrode is set as a anode and an electrical polarity of the second electrode is set as a cathode.