Abstract: An electrophotographic process including forming, on a photosensitive plate, an electrostatic latent image corresponding to optical information, developing the latent image by the reversal development and transferring the developed image onto a transfer material includes the improvement whereby a voltage of polarity opposite to that of the developer is applied to the photosensitive plate at least during the time from the end of the reversal development to the transfer step. This improvement in the electrophotographic process and apparatus for same prevents developer particles from being scattered away from the photosensitive plate and thereby also avoids the trouble of distortion of the image at the transfer step.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus utilizing two one-dimensional image sensors arranged to have mutually overlapping sensing fields. A common fixed target provided in the overlapping portion of the sensing fields is viewed by two sensors and is utilized for automatically compensating for the signals from the overlapping portion.

Abstract: An image forming process and an apparatus capable of reproducing fine lines or small dots in an image, includes a light beam generator, a driver for driving the light beam generator to form the image on a photosensitive member by scanning the member with the light beam, and a controller for controlling the driver to regulate the intensity of the light beam in accordance with information representing the image for at least one of the preceding and succeeding scanning with the light beam.

Abstract: A multi-color original reading apparatus comprises a single image sensor for sensing a multi-color original image, a plurality of light sources for illuminating the original image with lights of different colors, while turning on and off the light sources, and a driver for driving the image sensor in time with the turning on and off of the light sources.

Abstract: A developing device in which a one-component magnetic developer is brought into contact with an electrostatic image carrier in a developing station while it is conveyed in a predetermined direction, to thereby develop a desired electrostatic image is provided with developer carrier means carrying the one-component magnetic developer on the peripheral surface thereof and bringing the developer into contact with the electrostatic image carrier, means for moving a magnetic field along the peripheral surface of the developer carrier means to thereby move the one-component magnetic developer in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the magnetic field, and means for moving the developer carrier means in the direction of movement of the magnetic field.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for developing images, wherein a moving latent image holding member is opposed to a developer carrying member with a space gap between them at a developing section in an amount greater than the thickness of a developer layer coated on the surface of the developer carrying member, and an alternating electric field is applied across the latent image holding member and the developer carrying member to cause the developer to reciprocatingly move between the developer carrying member and an image portion as well as a non-image portion on the latent image holding member at least at the closest region to the latent image holding member and the developer carrying member, thereby causing the surface of the developer layer carried on the developer carrying member to move in substantially the same direction and at substantially the same speed as the latent image surface at the developing section.

Abstract: A laser recording method in which recording is made on the recording medium by using the laser light modulated corresponding to the original to be recorded. The original to be recorded is line read out at a predetermined clock frequency in the main scanning direction of the original reading out device having a photoelectric conversion element. The read out signal of the original reading out device is sent to a memory capable of storing at least the signals belonging to the line now being read out and the signals belonging to the immediately preceding line. The signals belonging to the line immediately preceding the line being read out are read out from the memory to accomplish laser modulation and are then recorded on the recording medium.

Abstract: The invention provides a color original readout apparatus having a light source with filters of different colors for emitting light of a plurality of different colors, and a CCD image sensor for reading the image of an original by light reflected from an original, a prism for varying the optical path of the reflected light into the image sensor in accordance with the spectrum of light. The apparatus of the invention is of simple construction and allows readout of the color original without color drift. The color data required for color separation can be obtained from the same scanning line.

Abstract: An image combining system for forming on a recording medium combined images based on at least two different types of original information has the steps of modulating a light beam in accordance with electrical signal information, scanning an original by the modulated light beam, and projecting the light beam having scanned the original onto the surface of the recording medium to thereby effect recording on the surface of the recording medium.

Abstract: A developing method which comprises causing a layer of field-dependent developer which is supported on a supporting member and whose volume resistivity is 10.sup.12 .OMEGA..multidot.cm under an electric field of 30000 V/cm to be proximate to the surface of an image bearing member bearing a latent image thereon, and applying an AC voltage to between the substrate of the latent image bearing member and the developer supporting member to thereby effect development, and an apparatus therefor.

Abstract: To form an irregularity-free thin layer of developer on a developer supporting member, the surface of the developer supporting member is formed with concavo-convexities along the conveyance direction thereof. To eliminate any irregularity of the developer layer on the developer supporting member and to sufficiently impart charge to the developer by the friction between the developer and the supporting member, the concavo-convexities should preferably have a pitch of 5-100.mu., a concavity depth d of 0.2-10.mu. and a concavity width W of 2d-3d. The concavo-convexities should desirably be rounded rather than sharp.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing electrostatic latent images includes an applicator for applying a developer, containing a high concentration of developer particles, uniformly over both the image and non-image areas of a latent image bearing surface, and a developing device including a liquid reservoir and an elastic roller including a core shaft, a porous elastic inner layer on the core shaft, and a flexible and permeable sleeve-like net covering the inner layer. Liquid from the reservoir is applied by the roller to the image bearing surface to remove developer particles not attracted thereto by coulomb force to thereby form the developed image. Marginal effect in the developed image is eliminated by making at least one of the inner layer or net electrically conductive.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for forming images are characterized in that an original document is read while discriminating between the presence and absence of colored portion, the read signal relating to the portion where color is detected is replaced by a predetermined pattern generator signal to form an image forming signal whereas the read signal relating to the portion where color is not detected is used as an image forming signal as it is and an image of the original is formed in accordance with these image forming signals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a developing method for rendering a latent image supported on an image bearing member visible, and an apparatus therefor, in which a developer supporting member supporting thereon spherical granular developer prepared in substantially spherical form by a flow coater process or a spray drying process is maintained in opposed relation to an electrostatic image bearing member having a backing electrode so that the surface of the image bearing member and the developer on the developer supporting member are maintained in a mutually contact-free state, and an alternating voltage is applied to the developer supporting member to cause reciprocating motion of the developer in the developing area between the developer supporting member and the image bearing member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a plurality of devices for forming an image on a rotatable medium and transferring the image onto transfer material. A detector is provided to detect the electrical condition of one of the devices during an initial turn of the rotatable medium prior to image processing. Electrical circuitry then controls the electrical condition of the one device to approach a predetermined value which value is then held for controlling the device during image formation.

Abstract: A charged body is electrically discharged by the use of AC corona discharge, whereafter the AC corona discharge current is gradually attenuated before the discharging is stopped, and then the corona discharge is stopped.

Abstract: In the image formation effected by combining different original images, a plurality of original images to be combined are photoelectrically converted into time-sequential signals and stored in predetermined memory means, the memory signals corresponding to the original images stored in the memory means are read out with a predetermined time relationship therebetween and the desired memory signals are combined to obtain an image signal, and an image is formed in accordance with the combined image signal.

Abstract: A developer is composed of colored insulating particles for developing an electrostatic image wherein at least the external surface of each particle comprises two different areas of which one area constitutes a major portion of said external surface and comprises an element which defines the polarity of the triboelectric charge of said particle to a determined polarity while the other area comprises an element capable of being easily separated from said particle, transferred to a surface of a developing device and charged to a polarity opposite to that of said particle.

Abstract: An electrophotographic apparatus includes a photosensitive member with a conductive layer, a photoconductive layer and an insulating layer; a variably controlled primary corona discharger for applying a charge of a predetermined potential onto the surface of the photosensitive member, a secondary corona discharger for applying a corona discharge containing a component of which polarity is opposite to that of the primary corona discharge; an imagewise exposure device for exposing the photosensitive member to an image light substantially simultaneously with the corona discharge by the secondary corona discharger, and high voltage source, for supplying predetermined high voltages to the primary and secondary corona discharger, having a high voltage transformer provided at least with a primary input coil, a secondary high voltage output coil and a tertially coil associated with a variable load impedance. An electrostatic latent image of a predetermined contrast is formed on the photosensitive member.

Abstract: A developing method and apparatus in which a developer supporting member is opposed to a latent image bearing member with a clearance therebetween and developer is caused to be transferred from the developer supporting member to the latent image bearing member to effect development and wherein a first and a second developing portion are provided as the developer supporting member, these effect development in the named order to complete the developing step, a first alternating bias for causing the developer to be transferred so as to mainly develop the image end portion of the latent image is imparted to the first developing portion, and a second alternating bias for causing the developer to be transferred so as to mainly effect the development for reproducing the tone of the latent image is imparted to the second developing portion.