Abstract: The present invention provides a novel organic semiconductor material that affords efficient charge transport, under a wider range of conditions, by increasing the temperature stability and expanding the temperature range of the organic semiconductor material. In an organic semiconductor material comprising a liquid crystalline compound having substituents on the periphery of a rigid plate-like central structure, the substituents have a fluorinated phenylene group, and columns in which the molecules of the compound are accumulated in a stack are aligned hexagonally.

Abstract: Provided are a novel compound that is mesogenic or liquid crystalline and has a high charge mobility, liquid crystal compositions comprising the compound, charge transport materials containing the same, and various elements using the charge transport materials. The novel compound is a 1,4-dithienylbenzene derivatives represented by the following general formula (I): wherein R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, provided that R1 and R2 are not simultaneously a hydrogen atom; and A represents an optionally substituted benzene ring.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel organic semiconductor material that affords efficient charge transport, under a wider range of conditions, by increasing the temperature stability and expanding the temperature range of the organic semiconductor material. In an organic semiconductor material comprising a liquid crystalline compound having substituents on the periphery of a rigid plate-like central structure, the substituents have a fluorinated phenylene group, and columns in which the molecules of the compound are accumulated in a stack are aligned hexagonally.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a minute molecular orientation controlling comprising the steps of specifically exciting the vibration energy level of an intramolecular chemical bond of a molecular material by using infrared light to locally and anisotropically heat the molecule and hence cause a thermal non-equilibrium state, and then selectively re-orienting in the specific direction of in-plane and out-of-plane directions with respect to a plane perpendicular to the incident axis dependent on the incident direction and polarization direction; and a device for controlling the process.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a high-speed charge transport material is provided which comprises a polymer of a liquid crystal material which is a triphenylene compound having at least one specific unsaturated group in a molecule. The high-speed charge transport material can achieve a high-speed charge transport of not lower than 1×10−4 cm2·V−1·S−1 within a wide temperature range.

Abstract: A ferulic acid derivative represented by the general formula: wherein R denotes a polyethylene glycol group, a crown ether group, or a azacrown ether group.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a high-speed charge transport material is provided which comprises a polymer of a liquid crystal material which is a triphenylene compound having at least one specific unsaturated group in a molecule. The high-speed charge transport material can achieve a high-speed charge transport of not lower than 1×10−4 cm2·V−1s−1 within a wide temperature range.

Abstract: A ferulic acid derivative represented by the general formula: 1

Abstract: A ferulic acid derivative represented by the general formula: wherein R denotes a polyethylene glycol group, a crown ether group, or a azacrown ether group.

Abstract: A substituted tetraphenylporphyrin silicon complex is represented by the general formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 independently denote a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, or a polyalkyleneoxy group, providing that the case in which R1-R5 invariably denote a hydrogen atom is excluded, and X and Y independently denote a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group of C1-C3, or a halogen atom is disclosed. This invention embraces a substituted tetraphenylporphyrin silicon complex, polysiloxane, polysilane, liquid crystal material, photoconducting element, and photo-functional chaarge transfer material.

Abstract: A ferulic acid derivative represented by the general formula: 1

Abstract: There is provided a process for preparing a ferromagnetic material, wherein at least 2 kinds of paramagnetic compounds preferably organic paramagnetic compounds, capable of manifesting a so-called mesophase between a solid phase, and a liquid phase are mixed with each other in a liquid phase or mesophase state. Preferred paramagnetic compounds are compounds containing a paramagnetic metal complex moiety in the molecular skeleton thereof, and a preferred complex moiety is a porphyrin complex. Preferred metal nuclei are Cu, V, Co, Mo, Ag, and Fe. The planes of the molecules of each of the paramagnetic metal porphyrin complexes in a mesophase thereof are oriented in parallel with each other on a time-average basis.

Abstract: A method for producing an organic crystal is disclosed. One embodiment comprises maintaining a capillary tube containing a fused liquid of an organic crystal material and having a fused liquid reservoir at one end thereof at a temperature not less than the fusion point of the organic crystal material together with the fused liquid reservoir, reducing the temperature of the fused liquid in the fused liquid reservoir to precipitate seed crystals, and then slowly cooling the capillary tube successively from the end toward the other end to allow a single crystal to grow from the seed crystal in the capillary tube. Because of the large quantity of the fused liquid, a seed crystal can be formed and allowed to grow even from a fused liquid of an organic crystal material which hardly crystallizes in the form of a fused liquid.

Abstract: A device for generating a second harmonic from a laser source is disclosed. The light from the laser passes through an optical fiber in which the second harmonic is generated. The light exiting from the optical fiber has a conical wave surface which is incident upon a collimating lens. Because the collimating lens has a diffraction lattice formed thereon, it is easy and efficient to collimate the second harmonic. It is also possible to decrease the size of the apparatus due to the use of the diffraction lattice formed on the collimator lens. This enable such a device to be particularly useful with a small sized light source such as a semiconductor laser.

Abstract: An organic conductive complex comprising an electron donor and an electron acceptor, the electron donor being an anthraquinone derivative represented by formula (1): ##STR1## wherein X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3 and X.sup.4, which may be the same or different, each represents an electron donating group.