Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a crystal of rebaudioside D that exhibits high solubility in water. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a rebaudioside D crystal having a crystalline form ? that shows peaks in X-ray diffraction (CuK?: ?=1.5405 ?) at two or more positions selected from the group consisting of 2?=6.7±0.2 deg, 10.8±0.2 deg, 12.9±0.15 deg, and 22.2±0.2 deg.

Abstract: A saddle-type vehicle includes a power unit including a multistage transmission having a plurality of gear positions, a transmission actuating mechanism for changing the gear positions, a shift spindle as an input shaft of the transmission actuating mechanism, a crankcase housing therein the multistage transmission and the transmission actuating mechanism, and a crankcase cover covering a side portion of the crankcase. The shift spindle is disposed in the periphery of the crankcase cover and is coupled to a shift actuator mounted on the crankcase cover by a joint rod. Such saddle-type vehicle having a power unit with a shift spindle movable by a shift actuator, in which the shift spindle and the shift actuator are combined with each other in a small-size layout with a joint rod joining the shift spindle and the shift actuator to each other, allows the joint rod to be installed in position with ease.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus system includes a first imaging apparatus, and a second imaging apparatus. The first imaging apparatus includes a first top casing including a casing top surface, and a common rear casing including a casing rear surface. The second imaging apparatus includes a second top casing including a casing top surface, and the common rear casing. The first top casing has a shape in which a vent hole is formed in the second top casing.

Abstract: In an imaging apparatus system, a first imaging apparatus includes a first front casing, a common rear casing, a first lens mount attached to the first front casing, and a common monitor attached to the common rear casing. A second imaging apparatus includes a second front casing, a common rear casing, a second lens mount attached to the second front casing and different from the first lens mount, and a common monitor. When the first and second front casings are respectively attached to the common rear casings and, the center of the first lens mount and the center of the second lens mount are identical, regarding the relative positions in the left-right direction with respect to the common rear casings and.

Abstract: The present invention provides: an MRI contrast agent for detecting cartilage damage, which comprises 17O-labeled water; and a method and a program for detecting cartilage damage using the contrast agent. According to the present invention, it becomes possible to detect a damage in a cartilage, particularly a minor damage in the surface layer of a cartilage which has been difficult to detect so far, by using 17O-labeled water as a contrast agent.

Abstract: There are provide a silicate-based phosphor excellent in emission intensity and a manufacturing method of the same. A manufacturing method of a silicate-based phosphor is characterized by: introducing in a vessel raw material powders having a compound containing light-emitting ions selected from at least one of Eu, Ce, Mn, and Tb; and firing the raw material powders while supplying SiOx (0.5?x?1.9, preferably, 0.8?x?1.2) in a gas phase. The raw material powders preferably further contains at least one of an alkali metal compound, an alkaline-earth metal compound, a magnesium compound, and a rare-earth compound. The silicate-based phosphor is preferably M2SiO4:Eu2+ (wherein M is one or more selected from a group consisting of Ca, Sr and Ba). The firing is preferably performed by supplying the SiOx to the raw material powders in a gas atmosphere at a temperature of 1200 to 1700° C. and subjecting the raw material powders to a gas-solid phase reaction at a temperature of 700 to 1700° C.

Abstract: There are provide a silicate-based phosphor excellent in emission intensity and a manufacturing method of the same. A manufacturing method of a silicate-based phosphor is characterized by: introducing in a vessel raw material powders having a compound containing light-emitting ions selected from at least one of Eu, Ce, Mn, and Tb; and firing the raw material powders while supplying SiOx (0.5?x?1.9, preferably, 0.8?x?1.2) in a gas phase. The raw material powders preferably further contains at least one of an alkali metal compound, an alkaline-earth metal compound, a magnesium compound, and a rare-earth compound. The silicate-based phosphor is preferably M2SiO4:Eu2+ (wherein M is one or more selected from a group consisting of Ca, Sr and Ba). The firing is preferably performed by supplying the SiOx to the raw material powders in a gas atmosphere at a temperature of 1200 to 1700° C. and subjecting the raw material powders to a gas-solid phase reaction at a temperature of 700 to 1700° C.

Abstract: An efficient low-cost method of proteoglycan recovery from natural resources. There is provided a process for producing proteoglycan, comprising the steps of immersing a biological sample containing proteoglycan in an alkali solution of 0.0025 to 0.1 N and recovering the solution after the immersion. As compared with the conventional extraction method, proteoglycan can be recovered in unaltered undecomposed form easily within a short period of time, thereby attaining substantial reduction of proteoglycan production cost. Further, proteoglycan highly useful in industry can be recovered from wasted portions of fin, feather, mammal, etc. having mainly been discarded, thereby contributing toward effective utilization of industrial waste and reduction of the volume of industrial waste per se.

Abstract: Test molding is performed by sequentially clamping a mold 2 with a mold clamping force (100%, 80%, 70%, . . . ) obtained by sequentially lowering a mold clamping force by a predetermined amount from the maximum mold clamping force (100%); with mold position sensors 4 provided on outer surfaces 3cf and 3mf of a fixed platen 3c supporting a fixed mold 2c of the mold 2 and a movable platen 3m supporting a movable mold 2m of the mold 2, a relative position (mold position Xc) of the movable platen 3m with respect to the fixed platen 3c in an injection process is detected; and, when at least a variation that meets predetermined conditions is produced on the mold position Xc, a mold clamping force obtained by increasing a mold clamping force at a time of occurrence of the variation by a predetermined amount is set as a proper mold clamping force Fs.

Abstract: When test molding is performed by sequentially clamping a mold with a mold clamping force (100%, 80%, 70%, . . .) obtained by sequentially lowering a mold clamping force by a predetermined amount from the maximum mold clamping force (100%), a mold clamping pressure Pc in an injection process is detected and a plurality of different monitored elements (Pc, Pcd and Per) corresponding to the variation of the mold clamping pressure Pc are monitored, and thus it is detected that at least one of the monitored elements is varied to exceed a predetermined threshold, a mold clamping force obtained by increasing a mold clamping force at the time of the production of the variation by a predetermined amount is set as a proper mold clamping force Fs.

Abstract: A magnetic tape driving apparatus includes a magnetic head (2), a temperature/humidity sensor (4), a Peltier element (11), and a controller (15). The temperature/humidity sensor (4) that detects the temperature and humidity of the magnetic head (2) or in the vicinity thereof. The Peltier element (11) that cools the magnetic head (2) and in the vicinity thereof based on detection results of the temperature/humidity sensor (4). The controller (15) that controls the Peltier element (11)based on the temperature and humidity information obtained by the temperature/humidity sensor (4). The controller ( 15) controls the Peltier element (11) so as to decrease the temperature of the magnetic head (2) and in the vicinity thereof when the humidity of the magnetic head (2) or in the vicinity thereof that the temperature/humidity sensor (4) detects is less than a predetermined value. By adopting this sort of configuration, it is possible to suppress an increase in error rate even in a low humidity environment.

Abstract: An efficient low-cost method of proteoglycan recovery from natural resources. There is provided a process for producing proteoglycan, comprising the steps of immersing a biological sample containing proteoglycan in an alkali solution of 0.0025 to 0.1 N and recovering the solution after the immersion. As compared with the conventional extraction method, proteoglycan can be recovered in unaltered undecomposed form easily within a short period of time, thereby attaining substantial reduction of proteoglycan production cost. Further, proteoglycan highly useful in industry can be recovered from wasted portions of fin, feather, mammal, etc. having mainly been discarded, thereby contributing toward effective utilization of industrial waste and reduction of the volume of industrial waste per se.

Abstract: When test molding is performed by sequentially clamping a mold with a mold clamping force (100%, 80%, 70%, ...) obtained by sequentially lowering a mold clamping force by a predetermined amount from the maximum mold clamping force (100%), a mold clamping pressure Pc in an injection process is detected and a plurality of different monitored elements (Pc, Pcd and Per) corresponding to the variation of the mold clamping pressure Pc are monitored, and thus it is detected that at least one of the monitored elements is varied to exceed a predetermined threshold, a mold clamping force obtained by increasing a mold clamping force at the time of the production of the variation by a predetermined amount is set as a proper mold clamping force Fs.

Abstract: Test molding is performed by sequentially clamping a mold 2 with a mold clamping force (100%, 80%, 70%, . . . ) obtained by sequentially lowering a mold clamping force by a predetermined amount from the maximum mold clamping force (100%); with mold position sensors 4 provided on outer surfaces 3cf and 3mf of a fixed platen 3c supporting a fixed mold 2c of the mold 2 and a movable platen 3m supporting a movable mold 2m of the mold 2, a relative position (mold position Xc) of the movable platen 3m with respect to the fixed platen 3c in an injection process is detected; and, when at least a variation that meets predetermined conditions is produced on the mold position Xc, a mold clamping force obtained by increasing a mold clamping force at a time of occurrence of the variation by a predetermined amount is set as a proper mold clamping force Fs.

Abstract: A magnetic tape driving apparatus includes a magnetic head 2, a temperature/humidity sensor 4, a Peltier element 11, and a controller 15. The temperature/humidity sensor 4 that detects the temperature and humidity of the magnetic head 2 or in the vicinity thereof. The Peltier element 11 that cools the magnetic head 2 and in the vicinity thereof based on detection results of the temperature/humidity sensor 4. The controller 15 that controls the Peltier element 11 based on the temperature and humidity information obtained by the temperature/humidity sensor 4. The controller 15 controls the Peltier element 11 so as to decrease the temperature of the magnetic head 2 and in the vicinity thereof when the humidity of the magnetic head 2 or in the vicinity thereof that the temperature/humidity sensor 4 detects is less than a predetermined value. By adopting this sort of configuration, it is possible to suppress an increase in error rate even in a low humidity environment.

Abstract: The indication of correct color evaluation standards of a printed matter including a paper containing a fluorescent whitening agent, is enabled even in the case where the printed matter is observed under a light source that differs from the light source used for color measurement. A spectral reflectance Pt(&lgr;) of the paper under a light source T and a spectral reflectance Pu(&lgr;) of the paper under a light source U are measured in advance and a differential component, due to the fluorescent whitening agent, is determined as Fp(&lgr;)=Pu(&lgr;)−Pt(&lgr;). For a printed matter of dot percent S, a spectral reflectance Rt(&lgr;, S) under light source T is measured, and the measured values are subject to a correction process of adding an effective component within the differential component Fp(&lgr;) that is in accordance to dot percent S to determine an estimated spectral reflectance Rtu(&lgr;, S) under light source U.

Abstract: In the information recording an reproducing method and apparatus according to the present invention, a piece of picture image information is recorded as an analog quantity or a digital quantity an information carrying medium in a planar manner at a high density, charge potential is read for outputting electric signals to correspond to the recorded picture image information and then the outputted signals are printed out by means of various display unit or output device, with high quality and high resolution as well as ease processing of the information. The information carrying medium provides a long period of storage of information and enables stored picture image information to be repeatedly reproduced with a picture quality according to need.

Abstract: The indication of correct color evaluation standards of a printed matter including a paper containing a fluorescent whitening agent, is enabled even in the case where the printed matter is observed under a light source that differs from the light source used for color measurement. A spectral reflectance Pt(&lgr;) of the paper under a light source T and a spectral reflectance Pu(&lgr;) of the paper under a light source U are measured in advance and a differential component, due to the fluorescent whitening agent, is determined as Fp(&lgr;)=Pu(&lgr;)−Pt(&lgr;). For a printed matter of dot percent S, a spectral reflectance Rt(&lgr;, S) under light source T is measured, and the measured values are subject to a correction process of adding an effective component within the differential component Fp(&lgr;) that is in accordance to dot percent S to determine an estimated spectral reflectance Rtu(&lgr;, S) under light source U.

Abstract: In the information recording an reproducing method and apparatus according to the present invention, a piece of picture image information is recorded as an analog quantity or a digital quantity an information carrying medium in a planar manner at a high density, charge potential is read for outputting electric signals to correspond to the recorded picture image information and then the outputted signals are printed out by means of various display unit or output device, with high quality and high resolution as well as ease processing of the information. The information carrying medium provides a long period of storage of information and enables stored picture image information to be repeatedly reproduced with a picture quality according to need.

Abstract: In the information recording an reproducing method and apparatus according to the present invention, a piece of picture image information is recorded as an analog quantity or a digital quantity an information carrying medium in a planar manner at a high density, charge potential is read for outputting electric signals to correspond to the recorded picture image information and then the outputted signals are printed out by means of various display unit or output device, with high quality and high resolution as well as ease processing of the information. The information carrying medium provides a long period of storage of information and enables stored picture image information to be repeatedly reproduced with a picture quality according to need.