Abstract: A probe medium for being placed on a substrate comprising a probe which can specifically bond to a target substance, and a substance having a site which can bond to the probe and a substance having a site which can bond to a substrate surface. A process for manufacturing a substrate an immobilized probe comprising the steps of providing a substrate, and providing the substrate with a probe medium comprising a probe which can specifically bond to a target substance and a substance having a site which can bond to the probe and a substance having a site which can bond to a substrate surface. Probe medium comprises a probe which can specifically bond to a target substance, a water-soluble polymer material, and a high boiling solvent. A process for immobilizing a probe comprising the steps of providing a substrate, and providing the substrate with probe medium comprising the probe which can specifically bond to a target substance, a water-soluble polymer material and a high boiling solvent.

Abstract: When a probe medium is spotted on a substrate, a probe can be effectively and stably immobilized on the substrate. The probe medium includes a probe capable of specifically binding to a target substance, a medium containing an organic solvent, and a substance for solubilizing the probe in the organic solvent.

Abstract: In order to accurately measure a shape feature of a minute droplet arranged on a substrate by a simple method, with respect to the droplet, the substrate is perpendicularly irradiated with laser light to cause diffracted light fluxes generated during passage of the laser light through the droplet to interfere with each other, so that a diffraction pattern is obtained. The diffraction pattern formed on a screen of a detector as an image is picked up by an image pickup apparatus. The shape feature of the droplet is measured by using the resultant diffraction pattern and a refractive index of the droplet.

Abstract: An optical element comprising at least a plurality of pixels formed on a substrate and partition walls arranged respectively between adjacent pixels is manufactured by a method comprising steps of forming partition walls of a resin composition on a substrate, performing a dry etching process by irradiating the substrate carrying the partition walls formed thereon with plasma in an atmosphere containing gas selected from oxygen, argon and helium, performing a plasma treatment process by irradiating the substrate subjected to the dry etching process with plasma in an atmosphere containing at least fluorine atoms, and forming pixels by applying ink to the areas surrounded partition walls by means of an ink-jet system.

Abstract: In order to accurately measure a shape feature of a minute droplet arranged on a substrate by a simple method, with respect to the droplet, the substrate is perpendicularly irradiated with laser light to cause diffracted light fluxes generated during passage of the laser light through the droplet to interfere with each other, so that a diffraction pattern is obtained. The diffraction pattern formed on a screen of a detector as an image is picked up by an image pickup apparatus. The shape feature of the droplet is measured by using the resultant diffraction pattern and a refractive index of the droplet.

Abstract: A connector device includes a plug including a plurality of plug terminals and a socket including a plurality of socket terminals. Ground plug terminals each have a recess on the contact surface, and ground socket terminals each have a dimple on the contact surface thereof. The dimple of the ground socket terminal is elastically urged to the recess of the ground plug terminal for obtaining a firm electric contact between the ground plug terminal and the ground socket terminal.

Abstract: A connector device includes a plug including a plurality of plug terminals and a socket including a plurality of socket terminals. Ground plug terminals each have a recess on the contact surface, and ground socket terminals each have a dimple on the contact surface thereof. The dimple of the ground socket terminal is elastically urged to the recess of the ground plug terminal for obtaining a firm electric contact between the ground plug terminal and the ground socket terminal.

Abstract: A method of producing a probe carrier in which a probe is immobilized to a substrate is disclosed, which comprises providing the substrate and contacting a basic group introduced to the substrate with the probe having an acidic group to thereby immobilize the probe to the substrate. This method enables production of a probe carrier that can reduce the number of steps performed for immobilizing the probe to the substrate and easily immobilize the probe.

Abstract: When a probe medium is spotted on a substrate, a probe can be effectively and stably immobilized on the substrate. The probe medium includes a probe capable of specifically binding to a target substance, a medium containing an organic solvent, and a substance for solubilizing the probe in the organic solvent.

Abstract: A film deposition method includes the steps of preparing a first chamber, a second chamber, and a transport connector which connects the first chamber and the second chamber with each other, setting a pressure in the second chamber to be lower than a pressure in the first chamber, and introducing a plurality of kinds of particles into the second chamber using a differential pressure between the pressure in the first chamber and the pressure in the second chamber so that the particles collide with a substrate placed in the second chamber to form a film on the substrate. The plurality of kinds of particles include particles of a sublimable substance and particles of a material for forming the film on the substrate in the second chamber. Consequently, cleaning by the sublimable substance and film deposition by the material for forming the film are performed simultaneously.

Abstract: An optical element comprising at least a plurality of pixels formed on a substrate and partition walls arranged respectively between adjacent pixels is manufactured by a method comprising steps of forming partition walls of a resin composition on a substrate, performing a dry etching process of irradiating the substrate carrying the partition walls formed thereon with plasma in an atmosphere containing gas selected at least from oxygen, argon and helium, performing a plasma treatment process of irradiating the substrate subjected to the dry etching process with plasma in an atmosphere containing at least fluorine atoms, and forming pixels by applying ink to the areas surrounding by the partition walls by means of an ink-jet system.

Abstract: An optical element comprising at least a plurality of pixels formed on a substrate and partition walls arranged respectively between adjacent pixels is manufactured by a method comprising steps of forming partition walls of a resin composition on a substrate, performing a dry etching process by irradiating the substrate carrying the partition walls formed thereon with plasma in an atmosphere containing gas selected from oxygen, argon and helium, performing a plasma treatment process by irradiating the substrate subjected to the dry etching process with plasma in an atmosphere containing at least fluorine atoms, and forming pixels by applying ink to the areas surrounded by the partition walls by means of an ink-jet system.

Abstract: A probe medium for being placed on a substrate comprising a probe which can specifically bond to a target substance, and a substance having a site which can bond to the probe and a substance having a site which can bond to a substrate surface. A process for manufacturing a substrate an immobilized probe comprising the steps of providing a substrate, and providing the substrate with a probe medium comprising a probe which can specifically bond to a target substance and a substance having a site which can bond to the probe and a substance having a site which can bond to a substrate surface. Probe medium comprises a probe which can specifically bond to a target substance, a water-soluble polymer material, and a high boiling solvent. A process for immobilizing a probe comprising the steps of providing a substrate, and providing the substrate with probe medium comprising the probe which can specifically bond to a target substance, a water-soluble polymer material and a high boiling solvent.

Abstract: A film deposition method includes the steps of preparing a first chamber, a second chamber, and a transport connector which connects the first chamber and the second chamber with each other, setting a pressure in the second chamber to be lower than a pressure in the first chamber, and introducing a plurality of kinds of particles into the second chamber using a differential pressure between the pressure in the first chamber and the pressure in the second chamber so that the particles collide with a substrate placed in the second chamber to form a film on the substrate. The plurality of kinds of particles include particles of a sublimable substance and particles of a material for forming the film on the substrate in the second chamber. Consequently, cleaning by the sublimable substance and film deposition by the material for forming the film are performed simultaneously.

Abstract: An optical element comprising at least a plurality of pixels formed on a substrate and partition walls arranged respectively between adjacent pixels is manufactured by a method comprising steps of forming partition walls of a resin composition on a substrate, performing a dry etching process of irradiating the substrate carrying the partition walls formed thereon with plasma in an atmosphere containing gas selected at least from oxygen, argon and helium, performing a plasma treatment process of irradiating the substrate subjected to the dry etching process with plasma in an atmosphere containing at least fluorine atoms, and forming pixels by applying ink to the areas surrounding by the partition walls by means of an ink-jet system.

Abstract: This invention allows the high image quality multicolor liquid crystal display to be manufactured by a simple method in which color filters are applied by patterning an insulating resist on a plurality of electrodes formed on a substrate, by forming color filters one after another by way of electro- deposition and by patterning a light shielding substance at gaps of the color filters by utilizing the color filter as masks.

Abstract: A color filter of the present invention includes: a conductive layer having low conductivity regions; and a plurality of colored regions included in a colored layer on the conductive layer, wherein each of the colored regions has a concave portion at a position corresponding to each of the low conductivity regions.

Abstract: A color filter comprising a transparent substrate, more than one transparent, electrically conductive circuit provided on a surface of the transparent substrate, window-shaped, colored coating films on the more than one transparent, electrically conductive circuit, and frame-shaped light-screening coating films interlaced between the window-shaped, colored coating films, the frame-shaped light-screening coating films having a larger film thickness than the window-shaped, colored coating films, which is free from the leakage of light from around each of the colored coating films so that it provides high contrast image and its method of manufacture.

Abstract: In a semiconductor package comprising a heat spreader, a heat sink, a wiring board, and a connector, a heat spreader mounted on a remaining region of the upper surface of a substrate. The heat sink is thermally connected to a primary integrated circuit chip through the heat spreader and to a secondary integrated circuit chip. The heat sink has electrical conductivity. The heat sink comprises a base plate and at least one connecting member which perpendicularly extends from the base plate. A wiring board has a plurality of contact holes and a plurality of contact slits. A connector is mounted on the wiring board. The connector has a plurality of contacts. The contacts comprises a plurality of socket portions and a plurality of terminal portions. The contacts are connected to an input/output pins with the input/output pins inserted into the respective socket portions. The terminal portions are inserted into the respective contact holes. The connector has at least one ground contact.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a substrate having electrically conductive circuits on its surface, window-shaped films on the electrically conducive circuits and a frame-shaped film at the regions not occupied with the window-shaped films, includes the steps of:(a) coating the surface of a transparent substrate with a photoresist composition to cover the electrically conductive circuits-carrying surface of the substrate, followed by forming a photoresist film,(b) superposing a photomask on the surface of the photoresist film formed in step (a) and exposing the thus mask-superposed photoresist film to light,(c) subjecting the substrate obtained in step (b) to development,(d) subjecting the photoresist film left in step (c) to heat-treatment, second exposure to light or no treatment,(e) subjecting the substrate passed the steps (a) to electro-deposition using the electrically conductive circuits on the substrate as one electrode to form electro-deposition coating films,(f) eliminating the photoresist film having be