Abstract: An ophthalmologic apparatus has a first light source for the measurement of a blood flow velocity by the Doppler shift method, and a second light source which differs in wavelength from the first light source and used for tracking of a blood vessel to be measured. This apparatus can simultaneously obtain a blood oxygen concentration from the difference in reflectance between two light sources from the measurement position on the blood vessel.

Abstract: For improving the operability of the apparatus, the ophthalmologic apparatus of the invention includes a measuring optical system which optically measures an eye to be examined, a detection system which detects alignment information of the eye for the measurement, a driving mechanism which moves the measuring optical system relative to the eye, an operating device which allows an operator to manually control the driving mechanism in order to move the measuring optical system, and a controller that controls the driving mechanism to perform alignment of the measuring optical system with respect to the eye, in a plurality of modes including a first mode executing automatic alignment within a predetermined range based on the alignment information of the detection system and a second mode executing manual alignment within a range broader than the predetermined range based on the operation of the operation device, wherein the controller automatically changes its operation between the first mode and the second mode

Abstract: For improving the operability of the apparatus, the ophthalmologic apparatus of the invention comprises a measuring optical system which optically measures an eye to be examined, a detection system which detects alignment information of the eye for the measurement, a driving mechanism which moves the measuring optical system relative to the eye, an operating device which allows an operator to manually control the driving mechanism in order to move the measuring optical system, and a controller which controls the driving mechanism to perform alignment of the measuring optical system with respect to the eye, with a plurality of modes including a first mode executing automatic alignment within a predetermined range based on the alignment information of the detection system and a second mode executing manual alignment within a range broader than the predetermined range based on the operation of the operation device, wherein the controller automatically changes between the first mode and the second mode based on a

Abstract: For improving the operability of the apparatus, the ophthalmologic apparatus of the invention comprises a measuring optical system which optically measures an eye to be examined, a detection system which detects alignment information of the eye for the measurement, a driving mechanism which moves the measuring optical system relative to the eye, an operating device which allows an operator to manually control the driving mechanism in order to move the measuring optical system, and a controller which controls the driving mechanism to perform alignment of the measuring optical system with respect to the eye, with a plurality of modes including a first mode executing automatic alignment within a predetermined range based on the alignment information of the detection system and a second mode executing manual alignment within a range broader than the predetermined range based on the operation of the operation device, wherein the controller automatically changes between the first mode and the second mode based on a

Abstract: An ophthalmologic apparatus has a first light source for the measurement of a blood flow velocity by the Doppler shift method, and a second light source which differs in wavelength from the first light source and used for tracking of a blood vessel to be measured. This apparatus can simultaneously obtain a blood oxygen concentration from the difference in reflectance between two light sources from the measurement position on the blood vessel.

Abstract: This specification discloses an eye examining apparatus having a projection optical system for projecting a light beam onto an eye to be examined, an eye examining optical system for receiving the light of the projection optical system reflected by the eye to be examined and examining the eye to be examined, a face detecting system for detecting the presence of an examinee's face, a driving system for driving the eye examining optical system, and a control system for starting the driving of the driving system on the basis of the result of the detection by the face detecting system, and capable of automatically effecting alignment even if the position of the eye to be examined deviates greatly.

Abstract: A retinal camera has an illuminating system for applying illuminating light to the fundus of an eye to be examined, a photographing system for photographing the fundus of the eye, the photographing system having a focusing lens, a projection system for projecting a focus detecting light beam onto the fundus of the eye by a fixed optical system, and a light position sensor for receiving the reflected light of the focus detecting light beam from the fundus of the eye through the focusing lens, the focus state of the photographing system being detected by the deviation of the light beam received by the light position sensor from a predetermined position.

Abstract: For improving the operability of the apparatus, the ophthalmologic apparatus of the invention comprises a measuring optical system which optically measures an eye to be examined, a detection system which detects alignment information of the eye for the measurement, a driving mechanism which moves the measuring optical system relative to the eye, an operating device which allows an operator to manually control the driving mechanism in order to move the measuring optical system, and a controller which controls the driving mechanism to perform alignment of the measuring optical system with respect to the eye, with a plurality of modes including a first mode executing automatic alignment within a predetermined range based on the alignment information of the detection system and a second mode executing manual alignment within a range broader than the predetermined range based on the operation of the operation device, wherein the controller automatically changes between the first mode and the second mode based on a

Abstract: An ophthalmological apparatus includes a projecting system for projecting a light from an index light source emitting a visual ray onto an eye to be examined, and a reflecting optical system located so as to face to the eye to be examined and adapted to reproduce a corneal reflex image of the index light source as a mirror image.

Abstract: An eye measuring apparatus which, even if it is of the portable type in which it is difficult to maintain alignment, can effect accurate measurement without requiring a high skill of operation includes a light projecting system for projecting a light beam onto an eye to be examined, a light receiving system for detecting the reflected light from the eye to be examined by a light detecting element, and signal processing means for calculating the eye information of the eye to be examined on the basis of the detection by the light detecting element. The signal processing means is effective to sequentially monitor the output from the light detecting element and indicate eye refraction information on the basis of the detection by the light detecting element when a predetermined light reception signal is obtained.

Abstract: An eye imagining apparatus where, in the case of a stereoscopic image, a beam from a left stop of a stereoscope stop and a beam from a right stop of the stereoscopic stop form an eye fundus image on a surface of a cylindrical lens array. These beams also reach adjacent image pickup device elements of an image pickup device of an image pickup unit, respectively. With the cylindrical lens array having the pitch width corresponding to two image pickup device elements, the focal length is determined so that an image of the stereoscope stop is focused in the pitch width, and the imaging plane of the cylindrical lens array is focused on the image pickup device by relay lens apparatus. On the other hand, with a monocular image, a single stop plate is put in the optical path instead of the stereoscope stop and the cylindrical lens array is retracted from the optical path, whereby the image is photographed with a higher horizontal image definition.

Abstract: An eye examining apparatus includes an eye examining system provided with an image pickup device for picking up the image of an eye to be examined and for examining the eye to be examined, a driver for driving the eye examining system, an input device for permitting an operator to effect an input operation to operate the driver a display for displaying the image of the eye to be examined obtained by the image pickup device, and a controller for changing the relation between the direction of the input to the input device and the direction of driving of the driver conforming thereto in conformity with the direction of the display.

Abstract: An optical apparatus includes a pupil illuminator for illuminating the pupil of an eye of an individual, an imager for obtaining an image of the pupil and an image of the cornea of the eye, a presentor for preliminarily presenting an image positioned at a particular point to the eye, and a direction-of-line-of-sight calculator for calculating the direction of the line of sight of the eye using the positional relationship between the image of the pupil and the image of the cornea on an imaging surface of the imager, and calculating the direction of the line of sight using parameters relating to the image of the pupil and the image of the cornea. The values of the parameters are obtained from the positional relationship between the image of the pupil and the image of the cornea on the imaging surface of the imager when the eye views the image at the particular point.

Abstract: A scan imaging device capable of generating a stereoscopic image of an object to be examined projects two light beams and scans the object with the light beams, and the reflected light beams are obtained through the same light path and are respectively received by two light detectors for generating a set of images with a parallax. The images are displayed alternately on a television monitor and are viewed through spectacles with polarizing screens, whereby the examiner can obtain a stereoscopic view of the object.

Abstract: A visual function measuring apparatus includes a visual target displaying device for presenting visual targets of different sizes successively to an eye to be examined, and a response inputting lever for inputting the response of an examinee to which the visual targets have been presented. The examinee's visual function is measured on the basis of the response input. The apparatus also includes a controller for controlling the device so that the visual targets presented to the examinee by the visual target displaying device may be changed in succession from a smaller visual target to a larger visual target.

Abstract: An eye refractometer includes a beam splitter arranged in front of an eye to be examined for splitting an optical path from the eye to be examined into an optical path for eye observing and an optical path for eye refracting, an eye observing optical system for observing the eye to be examined from a direction oblique to the viewing direction of the eye to be examined with a magnifying optical system by way of the beam splitter, and an eye refracting system for electro-optically measuring the refractive power of the eye to be examined by projecting and receiving a light beam by way of the beam splitter.

Abstract: An eye refractometer has two to three visual target systems provided for right and left eyes. Each of the visual target systems has a visual target and diopter varying device for making the visual target variable in diopter relative to an eye to be examined. An optical path coupler is provided between the eye to be examined and the diopter varying device with respect to at least one of the visual target systems. An eye refractive power measuring device is also provided for projecting light from outside of the visual target systems through the optical path coupling device and receiving the light from the eye to be examined to thereby measure the refractive power of the eye to be examined. Also included is a switchover device for switching the eye refractive power measuring device from measuring the refractive power of one eye to measuring the refractive power of the other eye by moving the refractive power measuring device left or right.

Abstract: An eye examining apparatus has a light source generating a beam of light to be applied to an eye to be examined, and a photoelectric sensor for receiving the light from the eye to be examined. The examination of the eye to be examined is executed by the light reception of the photoelectric sensor. The apparatus further includes a scanning optical system for deflecting the beam of light to be applied from the light source to the eye to be examined and executing the scanning of the eye to be examined by the beam of light to be applied. The scanning optical system directs the light from the scanned position of the eye to be examined to the photoelectric sensor. The apparatus also includes an observation system for the eye to be examined for displaying an area wider than the scanned region of the eye to be examined by the use of the light passed through a portion of a member the scanning optical system.

Abstract: An eye fundus photographing apparatus has an illumination system for illuminating an eye fundus under test by an illumination light beam, a photographing system for photographing the eye fundus under test by a photographing light beam from the eye fundus under test illuminated by the illumination system, and a light shielding member arranged at a vicinity of the illumination diaphragm or the photographing diaphragm or at a vicinity of a conjugate position of the diaphragms, wherein it is an object of the present invention to provide an eye fundus photographing apparatus which enables eye fundus photographing to be in a good condition to an eye under test having a small pupil diameter.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus includes a visual target indicating portion for indicating patterns of at least three directions each consisting of a plurality of parallel lines, a visual target optical system for making variable a diopter of the pattern presented to an examinee, and a response inputting device for inputting a response of the examinee. A refractive power of an eye of the examinee is obtained from a diopter of the pattern at the time the examinee inputs a response thereof through the response inputting device at the limit of his visual recognition of the pattern. In another arrangement, a refractive power of an eye of the examinee is obtained from intervals of the parallel lines at the time the examinee inputs a response thereof through the response inputting device at the limit of visual recognition of the pattern, the intervals of the parallel lines of which change over time.