Abstract: A method of manufacturing an inexpensive fine resistor which do not require dimensional classifications of discrete substrates is disclosed. The method eliminates a process of replacing a mask according to a dimensional ranking of each discrete substrate. The method includes: dividing an insulated substrate sheet along a first slit dividing portion and a second dividing portion perpendicular to the first dividing portion; forming a top electrode layer on a top face of the discrete substrate; forming a resistor layer such that a part of the resistor layer overlaps the top electrode layer; forming protective layers so as to cover the resistor layer; and forming side electrode layer on a side face of the discrete substrate such that the side electrode layer is electrically coupled to the top electrode layer.

Abstract: An inexpensive fine resistor which do not require dimensional classifications of discrete substrates, eliminating a process of replacing a mask according to a dimensional ranking of each discrete substrate as in the prior art. The resistor includes discrete substrate made into pieces by dividing an insulated substrate sheet along a first slit dividing portion and a second dividing portion perpendicular to the first dividing portion; top electrode layer formed on a top face of discrete substrate; resistor layer formed such that a part of resistor layer overlaps top electrode layer; protective layers formed so as to cover resistor layer; side electrode layer formed on a side face of discrete substrate such that side electrode layer is electrically coupled to top electrode layer.

Abstract: An inexpensive fine resistor which do not require dimensional classifications of discrete substrates, eliminating a process of replacing a mask according to a dimensional ranking of each discrete substrate as in the prior art. The resistor includes discrete substrate made into pieces by dividing an insulated substrate sheet along a first slit dividing portion and a second dividing portion perpendicular to the first dividing portion; top electrode layer formed on a top face of discrete substrate; resistor layer formed such that a part of resistor layer overlaps top electrode layer; protective layers formed so as to cover resistor layer; side electrode layer formed on a side face of discrete substrate such that side electrode layer is electrically coupled to top electrode layer.

Abstract: An inexpensive fine resistor which do not require dimensional classifications of discrete substrates, eliminating a process of replacing a mask according to a dimensional ranking of each discrete substrate as in the prior art. The resistor includes discrete substrate made into pieces by dividing an insulated substrate sheet along a first slit dividing portion and a second dividing portion perpendicular to the first dividing portion; top electrode layer formed on a top face of discrete substrate; resistor layer formed such that a part of resistor layer overlaps top electrode layer; protective layers formed so as to cover resistor layer; side electrode layer formed on a side face of discrete substrate such that side electrode layer is electrically coupled to top electrode layer.

Abstract: An inexpensive fine resistor which do not require dimensional classifications of discrete substrates, eliminating a process of replacing a mask according to a dimensional ranking of each discrete substrate as in the prior art. The resistor includes discrete substrate made into pieces by dividing an insulated substrate sheet along a first slit dividing portion and a second dividing portion perpendicular to the first dividing portion; top electrode layer formed on a top face of discrete substrate; resistor layer formed such that a part of resistor layer overlaps top electrode layer; protective layers formed so as to cover resistor layer; side electrode layer formed on a side face of discrete substrate such that side electrode layer is electrically coupled to top electrode layer.

Abstract: An inexpensive fine resistor which do not require dimensional classifications of discrete substrates, eliminating a process of replacing a mask according to a dimensional ranking of each discrete substrate as in the prior art. The resistor includes discrete substrate made into pieces by dividing an insulated substrate sheet along a first slit dividing portion and a second dividing portion perpendicular to the first dividing portion; top electrode layer formed on a top face of discrete substrate; resistor layer formed such that a part of resistor layer overlaps top electrode layer; protective layers formed so as to cover resistor layer; side electrode layer formed on a side face of discrete substrate such that side electrode layer is electrically coupled to top electrode layer.

Abstract: An inexpensive fine resistor which do not require dimensional classifications of discrete substrates, eliminating a process of replacing a mask according to a dimensional ranking of each discrete substrate as in the prior art. The resistor includes discrete substrate made into pieces by dividing an insulated substrate sheet along a first slit dividing portion and a second dividing portion perpendicular to the first dividing portion; top electrode layer formed on a top face of discrete substrate; resistor layer formed such that a part of resistor layer overlaps top electrode layer; protective layers formed so as to cover resistor layer; side electrode layer formed on a side face of discrete substrate such that side electrode layer is electrically coupled to top electrode layer.

Abstract: An inexpensive fine resistor which do not require dimensional classifications of discrete substrates, eliminating a process of replacing a mask according to a dimensional ranking of each discrete substrate as in the prior art. The resistor includes discrete substrate (11) made into pieces by dividing an insulated substrate sheet along a first slit dividing portion and a second dividing portion perpendicular to the first dividing portion; top electrode layer (12) formed on a top face of discrete substrate (11); resistor layer (13) formed such that a part of resistor layer (13) overlaps top electrode layer (12); protective layers (14, 16) formed so as to cover resistor layer (13); side electrode layer (17) formed on a side face of discrete substrate (11) such that side electrode layer is electrically coupled to top electrode layer (12).

Abstract: A power transmission belt adapted for use in a pulley transmission, comprises a plurality of chains which are arranged in parallel with their pins of each chain positioned out of alignment with the pins of the adjacent chain, and a plurality of load blocks surrounding said plurality of chains. The load blocks functions to provide positive interference among vibrations of the chains so that the amplitude of vibration of the whole assembly is reduced.

Abstract: A creep preventive arrangement wherein a start-up pressure regulating valve discharges fluid from a servo chamber of a start-up clutch when a clutch piston assumes a predetermined creep preventive position, and a start-up detecting valve prohibits the fluid discharge from the servo chamber when a torque converter output revolution speed exceeds a predetermined value.

Abstract: The reduction ratio of a continuously variable transmission is controlled by a stepper motor. The stepper motor is controlled such that each of rotary positions thereof corresponds uniquely to a desired optimum reduction ratio indicative signal indicative of a desired optimum reduction ratio. The desired optimum reduction ratio indicative signal is generated for operating condition of an automotive vehicle.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus controls a reduction ratio of a continuously variable transmission of an automotive vehicle, wherein the reduction ratio is increased when the depression degree of the accelerator pedal is increased rapidly for ensuring quick acceleration. When the depression degree of the accelerator pedal is decreased rapidly, the reduction ratio is held for a predetermined period of time. Under this condition, the reduction ratio may be controlled to accomplish a predetermined deceleration.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for controlling the reduction ratio of a continuously variable transmission are disclosed wherein normally the reduction ratio is controlled in response to a desired optimum reduction ratio indicative signal obtained by retrieving the data stored in a memory versus engine load and vehicle speed, but when more vehicle acceleration is needed, the reduction ratio is controlled by a corrected desired optimum reduction ratio indicative signal to increase the reduction ratio.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission includes a V-belt running over a drive pulley and a driven pulley. Upon rapid shifting in reduction ratio, a line pressure is increased temporarily to provide a proper V-belt gripping force to prevent slipping of the V-belt.

Abstract: A torque transmission through the hydrodynamic drive is directly measured by a torque sensor and a desired torque transmission is obtained for operating condition of a prime mover. The clutch slip of a lock-up clutch is adjusted toward a value where the measured torque transmission agrees with the desired torque transmission.

Abstract: In an automatic transmission for an automotive vehicle, an operating area covered by a high gear ratio is extended toward low vehicle speed side and the high gear ratio is released in response to the opening degree of the throttle and vehicle speed. The high gear ratio is released when the vehicle speed value is lower than a predetermined vehicle speed value and the opening degree of the throttle is larger than a predetermined opening degree.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for controlling the reduction ratio of a continuously variable transmission are disclosed wherein when an actual engine coolant temperature indicative signal is greater than or equal to a predetermined value indicative signal, a desired optimum reduction ratio signal is obtained by retrieving the desired optimum reduction ratio signal data stored in a memory versus an engine load and a vehicle speed. When the actual engine coolant temperature indicative signal is less than the predetermined value indicatiive signal, the same desired optimum reduction ratio signal data are retrieved based on a corrected signal which is obtained by correcting an engine load indicative signal or a vehicle speed indicative signal in order to provide a larger reduction ratio. Alternatively, another optimum reduction ratio signal data are retrieved when the actual engine coolant temperature indicative signal is less than the predetermined value indicative signal.

Abstract: A torque converter having an engine-driven pump impeller fastened to an input shell and a fluid-driven turbine runner mounted on an output shaft is equipped with a fluid-operated lockup clutch for providing a direct mechanical drive between the input shell and the output shell. The lockup clutch is maintained in a slipping engagement condition in an intermediate speed range. This slipping engagement is controlled by a variable fluid passage whose opening size is determined by an axial position of the turbine runner relative to the output shaft. The turbine runner is rotatable and axially movable relative to the output shaft. The turbine runner and the output shaft have, respectively, flanges which rotates side by side. There are formed, between the flanges, a plurality of pockets which are circumferentially arranged. Each pocket has contoured surfaces, and confines a ball.

Abstract: A control system for a continuously variable V-belt transmission is disclosed wherein for the purpose of preventing an undesirable rapid drop in pressure in a cylinder chamber of a drive pulley a flow restrictor is provided to restrict the flow of oil discharged from the cylinder chamber upon rapid change in reduction ratio of the continuously variable V-belt transmission.

Abstract: Revolution speed of a drive pulley and a parameter indicative of an output of the engine are detected. A desired value in the engine revolution speed is obtained using a predetermined function for any value in the parameter indicative of the engine output. The reduction ratio is controlled in such a manner as to maintain the revolution speed of the drive pulley in a predetermined relationship with the desired value in the engine revolution speed.