Abstract: A steering apparatus includes: a column shaft; a column tube supporting the column shaft; a housing movably supporting the column tube; a fastener configured to fix the position of the column tube by pressing on radial ends of the housing; a first impact absorber configured to generate a first dynamic friction force with the column tube; and a second impact absorber configured to generate a second dynamic friction force with the housing during a secondary collision by being moved by the first impact absorber. The first impact absorber is structured such that a distal static friction coefficient in a distal region located further from a squeezing portion of the fastener is less than a proximal static friction coefficient in a proximal region closer to the squeezing portion.

Abstract: A steering apparatus includes: a column shaft; a column tube supporting the column shaft; a housing movably supporting the column tube; a fastener configured to fix the position of the column tube by pressing on radial ends of the housing; a first impact absorber configured to generate a first dynamic friction force with the column tube; and a second impact absorber configured to generate a second dynamic friction force with the housing during a secondary collision by being moved by the first impact absorber. The first impact absorber is structured such that a distal static friction coefficient in a distal region located further from a squeezing portion of the fastener is less than a proximal static friction coefficient in a proximal region closer to the squeezing portion.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for evaluating a human visual function employ a set of test objects that have viewing surfaces. One viewing surface bears no visually perceptible pattern and hence is visually homogeneous. Other viewing surfaces bear patterns of selected different coarseness corresponding to different visual acuities. The viewing surfaces preferably are otherwise visually identical and have selected luminosities. An examiner can readily evaluate a visual acuity function of a wide range of subjects, including infants, by observing the subject's eye motion to determine whether the subject distinguishes a perceptible pattern from the homogeneous pattern.