Abstract: Provided is a production method including: heating a workpiece at a temperature higher than an Ac1 transformation point in a carburizing atmosphere; slowly cooling the workpiece at not more than 70° C./Hr down to a temperature T satisfying Formula (1) while maintaining the carburizing atmosphere: Ar1?20?T(° C.)?300° C. . . . (1); and cooling the workpiece in an oxidizing atmosphere. According to this method, it is possible to efficiently produce a high-carbon chromium bearing steel whose depth of the recarburized layer or the overcarburized layer is within a range from 0 to 0.2 mm, having less machining allowance, and excellent in machinability, using a steel tube after hot tube-making.

Abstract: A fuel-saving driving system which gradually decreases a target vehicle speed from a start of control to passage of a descending-slope starting point in a linear form and can obtain fuel-saving and smooth driving feeling without repeating fuel-cut and injection. A vehicle-position specifying device is provided for specifying the position of a vehicle, a storage device for storing data of a descending slope located in the vehicle traveling direction, a vehicle speed measuring device for measuring a speed of the vehicle, and a controller The controller has a function of determining a target speed of the vehicle from the vehicle speed and the data of the descending slope.

Abstract: To provide an austenitic stainless steel which has an excellent high-temperature corrosion thermal fatigue cracking resistance. An austenitic stainless steel containing, by mass %, Cr: 15.0 to 23.0%, and Ni: 6.0 to 20.0%, wherein a near-surface portion is covered with a worked layer with high energy density having an average thickness of 5 to 30 ?m.

Abstract: A distance sensor detects a target distance from a vehicle to a target in front of the vehicle, and a vehicle speed sensor detects a vehicle speed. A controller calculates a stopping distance of the vehicle from the vehicle speed. The controller calculates a collision possibility index from the target distance and the stopping distance, and calculates a kinetic energy of the vehicle immediately before a collision with the target from the vehicle speed and the target distance. The controller warns a driver of the vehicle of the possibility of a collision and the scale of damage to be caused by the collision on the basis of the collision possibility index and the kinetic energy of the vehicle immediately before the collision. As a result, the driver is provided with information promoting safe driving which appeals to the driver forcefully.

Abstract: There is provided an austenitic stainless steel pipe excellent in steam oxidation resistance. The austenitic stainless steel pipe excellent in steam oxidation resistance contains, by mass percent, 14 to 28% of Cr and 6 to 30% of Ni, and is configured so that a region satisfying the following Formula exists in a metal structure at a depth of 5 to 20 ?m from the inner surface of the steel pipe: (?/?)×?/?×100?0.3 where the meanings of symbols in the above Formula are as follows: ?: sum total of the number of pixels of digital image in region in which orientation difference of adjacent crystals detected by electron backscattering pattern is 5 to 50 degrees ?: the number of total pixels of digital image in region of measurement using electron backscattering pattern ?: analysis pitch width of electron backscattering pattern (?m) ?: grain boundary width (?m).

Abstract: A high-temperature material transferring member including a coating film formed on a surface of base metal, wherein the coating film is a composite coating film using a mixed powder made up of: a Co-based alloy powder containing, in mass %, 0.03 to 0.6% of C, 0.2 to 3% of Si, 22 to 35% of Cr, and more than 50% of Co; and a Cr carbide powder, the composite coating film is formed by the plasma powder overlaying process. The high-temperature material transferring member has excellent build-up resistance particularly in a gas atmosphere of 1100° C. or more. The high-temperature material transferring member has excellent in build-up resistance, oxidation resistance, and heat cracking resistance.

Abstract: An austenitic stainless steel, which consists of by mass percent, C: not more than 0.02%, Si: not more than 1.5%, Mn: not more than 2%, Cr: 17 to 25%, Ni: 9 to 13%, Cu: more than 0.26% not more than 4%, N: 0.06 to 0.35%, sol. Al: 0.008 to 0.03%. One or more elements selected from Nb, Ti, V, TA, Hf, and Zr in controlled amounts can be included with the balance being Fe and impurities. P, S, Sn, As, Zn, Pb and Sb among the impurities are controlled as P: 0.006 to 0.04%, S: 0.0004 to 0.03%, Sn: 0.001 to 0.1%, As: not more than 0.01%, Zn: not more than 0.01%, Pb: not more than 0.01% and Sb: not more than 0.01%. The amounts of S, P, Sn, As, Zn, Pb and Sb and the amounts of Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, and Ti are further controlled using formulas.

Abstract: An austenitic stainless steel, which comprises by mass %, C<0.04%, Si?1.5%, Mn?2%, Cr: 15 to 25%, Ni: 6 to 30%, N: 0.02 to 0.35%, sol. Al?0.03% and further contains one or more elements selected from Nb?0.5%, Ti?0.4%, V?0.4%, Ta?0.2%, Hf?0.2% and Zr?0.2%, with the balance being Fe and impurities, and among the impurities P?0.04%, S?0.03%, Sn?0.1%, As?0.01%, Zn?0.01%, Pb?0.01% and Sb?0.01%, and satisfy the conditions F1=S+{(P+Sn)/2}+{(As+Zn+Pb+Sb)/5}?0.0075 and 0.05?F2=Nb+Ta+Zr+Hf+2Ti+(V/10)?1.7?9×F1 has not only excellent liquation cracking resistance in the HAZ on the occasion of welding and excellent embrittling cracking resistance in the HAZ during a long period of use at high temperatures but also excellent polythionic acid SCC resistance and high temperature strength.

Abstract: In this method, the inner surface of a metal pipe containing, by mass percent, 20 to 55% of Cr and 20 to 70% of Ni is subjected to mechanical treatment, the metal pipe is subjected to heat treatment such as to be held in a temperature range of 1050 to 1270° C. for 0.5 to 60 minutes, and thereby an oxide scale layer consisting mainly of Cr is formed on at least the inner surface of the metal pipe. A metal pipe excellent in carburization resistance and coking resistance in a carburizing gas environment can be obtained by the method.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel-saving driving evaluation system which provides a driver with advice suitable for the driver based on fuel-saving driving evaluation standards which correspond to the fuel-saving driving proficiency level of the driver, so that the driver is relaxed and the fuel-saving driving skill of the driver is gradually improved. The fuel-saving driving evaluation system is comprised of an engine speed measuring device (1) for measuring the engine speed of a vehicle (10) to be evaluated, a vehicle speed measuring device (2) for measuring the speed of the vehicle (10) to be evaluated, a fuel flow measuring device (3) for measuring the flow rate of a fuel, and a control device (9).

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide a fuel-saving driving system which gradually decreases a target vehicle speed from start of control to passage of a descending-slope starting point in a linear form and can obtain fuel-saving and smooth driving feeling without repeating fuel-cut and injection. The present invention has a vehicle-position specifying device (2) for specifying the position of a vehicle, a storage device (11) for storing data of a descending slope located in the vehicle traveling direction, a vehicle speed measuring device (3) for measuring a speed (Va) of the vehicle (1), and a controller (10), the controller (10) has a function of determining (calculating) a target speed (requested speed Vd) of the vehicle (1) from the vehicle speed (Va) and the data of the descending slope.

Abstract: An austenitic stainless steel, which comprises by mass %, C<0.04%, Si?1.5%, Mn?2%, Cr: 15 to 25%, Ni: 6 to 30%, N: 0.02 to 0.35%, sol. Al?0.03% and further contains one or more elements selected from Nb?0.5%, Ti?0.4%, V?0.4%, Ta?0.2%, Hf?0.2% and Zr?0.2%, with the balance being Fe and impurities, and among the impurities P?0.04%, S?0.03%, Sn?0.1%, As?0.01%, Zn?0.01%, Pb?0.01% and Sb?0.01%, and satisfy the conditions F1=S+{(P+Sn)/2}+{(As+Zn+Pb+Sb)/5}?0.0075 and 0.05?F2=Nb+Ta+Zr+Hf+2Ti+(V/10)?1.7?9×F1 has not only excellent liquation cracking resistance in the HAZ on the occasion of welding and excellent embrittling cracking resistance in the HAZ during a long period of use at high temperatures but also excellent polythionic acid SCC resistance and high temperature strength.

Abstract: There is provided a metal material having excellent workability and metal dusting resistance, which is suitable as a raw material for cracking furnaces, reforming furnaces, heating furnaces, heat exchangers, etc. in petroleum refining, petrochemical plants, and the like. The metal material is characterized by consisting of, by mass %, C: 0.08 to 0.4%, Si: 0.6 to 2.0%, Mn: 0.05 to 2.5%, P: 0.04% or less, S: 0.015% or less, Cr: 18 to 30%, Ni: 20% or higher and less than 30%, Cu: 0.5 to 10.0%, Al: 0.01 to 1%, Ti: 0.01 to 1%, N: 0.15% or less, and O (oxygen): 0.02% or less, the balance being Fe and impurities, and satisfying Expression (1). C?0.062×Si+0.033×Cu?0.004×Cr+0.043??(1) in which the symbol of element in Expression (1) represents the content of that element in mass %.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a fuel consumption evaluation system which obtains quantitative data to determine whether actual driving has consumed fuel more efficiently or less efficiently than average driving and gives the driver and/or manager concrete advice for fuel-efficient driving based on the obtained data, and also provide a fuel consumption evaluation system which decides, based on obtained fuel efficiency data, whether driving is more fuel-efficient than average driving and sets a target and gives the driver and/or manager concrete advice for fuel-efficient driving based on the obtained data in consideration of change in vehicle total mass without any influence of slopes and traffic flows and particularly encourages and instructs, in real time, the driver to do fuel-efficient driving.

Abstract: [Objective] To provide a metal material having excellent metal dusting resistance which is suited for using cracking furnaces, reforming furnaces, heating furnaces or heat exchangers, in petroleum refining, petrochemical plants, etc. [Means for Solution] A metal material having excellent metal dusting resistance, characterized in comprising, by mass %, C: 0.01 to 0.4%, Si: 0.01 to 2.5%, Mn: 0.01 to 2.5%, Cr: 15 to 35%, Ni: 20 to 65%, Cu: 0.05 to 20%, S: not more than 0.1%, N: not more than 0.25% and O (oxygen): not more than 0.02% and the balance Fe and impurities, and also containing, by mass %, one or more selected among the elements of P: more than 0.05% and not more than 0.3%, Sb: 0.001 to 1% and Bi: 0.001 to 0.5. It may further contain one or more selected among the elements of Nd: 0.001 to 0.15%, Co: not more than 10%, Mo: not more than 3%, W: not more than 6%, Ti: not more than 1%, Nb: not more than 2%, B: not more than 0.1%, Zr: not more than 1.2%, Hf: not more than 0.5%, Mg: not more than 0.

Abstract: A stainless steel pipe includes a base metal containing 20-35 mass % of Cr, and a Cr-depleted zone is formed in the surface region of the pipe. The Cr concentration in the Cr-depleted zone is at least 10%, and the thickness of the Cr-depleted zone is at most 20 micrometers. A Cr-based oxide scale layer having a Cr content of at least 50% and a thickness of 0.1-15 micrometers may be provided on the outer side of the Cr-depleted zone. An Si-based oxide scale layer with an Si content of at least 50% may be provided between the Cr-based oxide scale layer and the Cr-depleted zone. The pipe is particularly suitable for use in petroleum refineries or petrochemical plants, such as for use as a pipe of a cracking furnace of an ethylene plant.

Abstract: An austenitic stainless steel having excellent resistance to scale peeling which can suppress peeling of a protective oxide scale which is formed on the steel surface even when the steel undergoes repeated cycles of high temperature heating and cooling and which is suitable for use in a high temperature, humidified gas environment at a high temperature and particularly at 1023 K or above has a steel composition consisting essentially of C: 0.01-0.15%, Si: 0.01-3%, Mn: 0.01-2%, Cu: 0.1-2.5%, Cr: 23-30%, Ni: 16-25%, Al: 0.005-0.20%, N: 0.001-0.40%, P: at most 0.04%, S: at most 0.01%, at least one of Y and Ln series elements: a total of 0.005-0.1%, and a balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities, with the number of inclusions containing Y and Ln series elements in the steel surface being at most 5×10?3/?m2.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a fuel consumption evaluation system which obtains quantitative data to determine whether actual driving has consumed fuel more efficiently or less efficiently than average driving and gives the driver and/or manager concrete advice for fuel-efficient driving based on the obtained data, and also provide a fuel consumption evaluation system which decides, based on obtained fuel efficiency data, whether driving is more fuel-efficient than average driving and sets a target and gives the driver and/or manager concrete advice for fuel-efficient driving based on the obtained data in consideration of change in vehicle total mass without any influence of slopes and traffic flows and particularly encourages and instructs, in real time, the driver to do fuel-efficient driving.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a weld joint comprising both a base material and a weld metal both having a chemical composition including C: 0.01-0.45%, Si: more than 1%, 4% or less, Mn: 0.01-2%, P: 0.05% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Cr: 15-35%, Ni: 40-78%, Al: 0.005-2%, N: 0.001-0.2% and Cu: 0.015-5.5% in mass percent, further including Ti satisfying the following formula (1), and the balance being Fe and impurities. Both the material and the weld metal may further include one or more kinds of Co, Mo, Ta, W, V, Zr, Nb, Hf, B, Ca, Mg, and REM. {(Si-0.01)/30}+0.01Cu?Ti?5??(1) wherein a symbol of an element in formula (1) means a content of the element (mass percent).

Abstract: A stainless steel pipe includes a base metal containing 20-35 mass % of Cr, and a Cr-depleted zone is formed in the surface region of the pipe. The Cr concentration in the Cr-depleted zone is at least 10%, and the thickness of the Cr-depleted zone is at most 20 micrometers. A Cr-based oxide scale layer having a Cr content of at least 50% and a thickness of 0.1-15 micrometers may be provided on the outer side of the Cr-depleted zone. An Si-based oxide scale layer with an Si content of at least 50% may be provided between the Cr-based oxide scale layer and the Cr-depleted zone. The pipe is particularly suitable for use in petroleum refineries or petrochemical plants, such as for use as a pipe of a cracking furnace of an ethylene plant.