Abstract: Proposed are a wafer heating apparatus and a wafer processing apparatus using the same. More particularly, proposed are a wafer heating apparatus having an improved structure to enable efficient cooling of a terminal block, and a wafer processing apparatus using the same. A wafer heating apparatus for heating a wafer according to one embodiment includes a heater disposed below the wafer and configured to serve as a heat source, a cooling plate disposed below the heater and configured to provide cool air, and a terminal block configured to supply power to the heater and having a lower end portion in contact with the cooling plate.

Abstract: A buffer unit for temporarily storing a substrate includes a housing having a space for storing a substrate therein, one or more slots disposed within the housing for placing a substrate thereon, and a holding unit disposed at a bottom portion of the housing, having a flat and non-inclined top surface, and comprising a built-in wireless charging module. A substrate type sensor is stored at the holding unit.

Abstract: A communication redundancy system for an autonomous vehicle includes: a vehicle network domain including a bus configured to transmit a signal, terminal end resistors disposed at both ends of the bus, and a plurality of electronic control units (ECUs) connected to the bus; a plurality of gateways connected to the vehicle network domain; and a high-level ECU connected to the plurality of gateways and configured to control the plurality of ECUs to implement autonomous driving of a vehicle. Each of the plurality of gateways detects disconnection of the bus in the vehicle network domain and, when the disconnection of the bus is detected, the plurality of gateways transmit pieces of data of the plurality of ECUs to the high-level ECU.

Abstract: A communication redundancy system for an autonomous vehicle includes: a vehicle network domain including a bus configured to transmit a signal, terminal end resistors disposed at both ends of the bus, and a plurality of electronic control units (ECUs) connected to the bus; a plurality of gateways connected to the vehicle network domain; and a high-level ECU connected to the plurality of gateways and configured to control the plurality of ECUs to implement autonomous driving of a vehicle. Each of the plurality of gateways detects disconnection of the bus in the vehicle network domain and, when the disconnection of the bus is detected, the plurality of gateways transmit pieces of data of the plurality of ECUs to the high-level ECU.

Abstract: A polymerase chain reaction apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a transparent photothermal substrate including a transparent plate having an array of transparent nano-pillars arranged to be spaced apart from each other, and plasmonic metal nano-islands disposed on surfaces including upper surfaces and side surfaces of the nano-pillars; a light source disposed under the photothermal substrate and emitting light to the plasmonic metal nano-islands; and a chamber receiving a fluid heated by the transparent photothermal substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wet-laid non-woven fabric for a hydrocarbon trap of an air cleaner or gasoline engine, wherein powdery activated carbon having specific physical properties, pulp, a synthetic fiber having specific physical properties and a carbon binder are used as basic materials to prepare a web type non-woven fabric; and this fabric is formed into a wet-laid non-woven fabric having a predetermined thickness through compressing, so that: when using the fabric in an air cleaner, this may adsorb volatile oil vapor such as hydrocarbon contained in evaporation gases generated from a fuel of the engine, and then, desorb the same when driving the engine, thereby preventing outflow of the hydrocarbon as a main cause of air pollution to an outside; and further, damage to a passenger in a vehicle due to hydrocarbon gas may be minimized, and a manufacturing method thereof.

Abstract: A vehicle includes: a communicator configured to transmit security data to a smart key and configured to receive response data from the smart key based on the security data; and a controller configured to determine whether the smart key matches the vehicle based on the response data, and configured to unlock the vehicle when it is determined that the smart key matches the vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle includes: a communicator configured to transmit security data to a smart key and configured to receive response data from the smart key based on the security data; and a controller configured to determine whether the smart key matches the vehicle based on the response data, and configured to unlock the vehicle when it is determined that the smart key matches the vehicle.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for reducing a communication load in controller area network (CAN) communication. A method for reducing communication load in a transmission node connected to a CAN communication network may include: generating a first CAN data frame including first data and transmitting the first CAN data frame to the CAN communication network at a first transmission time; comparing second data with the first data at a second transmission time; and transmitting, to the CAN communication network, a second CAN data frame in which a data length code (DLC) field value is set to a predetermined value indicating that the data has not changed, when the second data is identical to the first data. Accordingly, CAN communication load can be effectively reduced without CAN hardware modification.

Abstract: Provided is a computing apparatus for performing an alarm processing by managing a plurality of events related to at least one of health information and Korean medicine mibyeong information based on a hierarchical structure, the apparatus including a database configured to store the plurality of events in a hierarchical structure, a hierarchical information manager configured to manage a first identifier indicating a current event hierarchy identifier adjusted by applying a user feedback on an event alarm provided in advance, and a processor configured to provide a first event related to the first identifier among the plurality of events, wherein the plurality of events is stored in the hierarchical structure such that an event index, an event hierarchy identifier, and an event description are related to one another for each of the events.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for reducing a communication load in controller area network (CAN) communication. A method for reducing communication load in a transmission node connected to a CAN communication network may include: generating a first CAN data frame including first data and transmitting the first CAN data frame to the CAN communication network at a first transmission time; comparing second data with the first data at a second transmission time; and transmitting, to the CAN communication network, a second CAN data frame in which a data length code (DLC) field value is set to a predetermined value indicating that the data has not changed, when the second data is identical to the first data. Accordingly, CAN communication load can be effectively reduced without CAN hardware modification.

Abstract: A user terminal device and method for providing a service in the user terminal device is provided. The user terminal device includes a location calculation unit that calculates location information of the user terminal device, a storage unit that stores a service hub program, a display unit that displays an icon container including icons of application programs set with the service hub program, and a control unit that restricts usability of at least one of the application programs or the service hub program based on the location information and effective area information.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for managing an application error. Error record information on at least one application in which an error has occurred is collected from at least one portable device. The collected error record information is stored in a table that maps error information of each application. An application list provision request is received from a portable device. At least one application to be filtered from an application list is identified based on the error information of each application mapped in the table. The application is filtered from the application list to generate a filtered application list. The filtered application list is provided to the portable device.

Abstract: A method for providing a service in a user terminal device, in which the user terminal device downloads a service hub program, installs the service hub program, generates an icon container corresponding to the service hub program, displays the icon container, receives an input selecting the icon container, displays an application icon included in the icon container, and deletes a program and data installed in the user terminal device according to a change in status of the user terminal device.

Abstract: A method for providing a service in a user terminal device, which includes downloading a service hub program, installing the service hub program, generating an icon container corresponding to the service hub program, and displaying the icon container on a screen. If the icon container is selected, a list regarding an application program corresponding to the service hub program and a list regarding an icon of the application program are received from the server, and an icon regarding each application program included in the list regarding the application program corresponding to the service hub program is displayed according to the list regarding the icon of the application program.

Abstract: A method for providing a service in a user terminal device, which includes downloading a service hub program, installing the service hub program, generating an icon container corresponding to the service hub program, and displaying the icon container on a screen. If the icon container is selected, a list regarding an application program corresponding to the service hub program and a list regarding an icon of the application program are received from the server, and an icon regarding each application program included in the list regarding the application program corresponding to the service hub program is displayed according to the list regarding the icon of the application program.

Abstract: A method for providing a service in a user terminal device, in which the user terminal device downloads a service hub program, installs the service hub program, generates an icon container corresponding to the service hub program, displays the icon container, receives an input selecting the icon container, displays an application icon included in the icon container, and deletes a program and data installed in the user terminal device according to a change in status of the user terminal device

Abstract: A user terminal device and method for providing a service in the user terminal device is provided. The user terminal device includes a location calculation unit that calculates location information of the user terminal device, a storage unit that stores a service hub program, a display unit that displays an icon container including icons of application programs set with the service hub program, and a control unit that restricts usability of at least one of the application programs or the service hub program based on the location information and effective area information.

Abstract: A virtual firewall system based on a common security policy and a method of controlling the same. The virtual firewall system includes one or more virtual security policy modules, each of which includes a local security policy database; a security policy determiner, which determines, from the one or more virtual security policy modules, a virtual security policy module corresponding to a packet received from outside; and a common security policy database, which stores security policies. Each of the one or more virtual security policy modules determines whether or not to apply a security policy of the common security policy database to the received packet, and when the security policy of the common security policy database is applied, does not apply the security policy of a local security policy database. An operator can easily and conveniently set and restore the system.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes first and second substrates facing each other; a plurality of step portions on the first substrate; a plurality of first column spacers on the second substrate, the first column spacers contacting the step portions wherein an upper surface of the first column spacer is larger than a contact area between the first column spacer and the step portion; a plurality of second column spacers on the second substrate, the second column spacers spaced apart from the first substrate, wherein a first contact area between the first column spacers and the second substrate is smaller than a second contact area between the second column spacers and the second substrate; and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates.