Abstract: A button type secondary battery includes a wound electrode assembly; a lower can with the electrode assembly and an electrolyte in the lower can; a top plate to close the lower can; a positive electrode terminal coupled to the top plate through a gasket to be electrically insulated from the top plate with a portion of the positive electrode terminal passing through a hole in the top plate to be bonded to a positive electrode tab; a top insulator covering a top surface of the electrode assembly; and a bottom insulator covering a bottom surface of the electrode assembly. The top insulator and the bottom insulator are each configured to expand in volume by absorbing the electrolyte. Surfaces of at least one or more of the top insulator and the bottom insulator are coated with a protective layer configured to prevent thermal shrinkage from occurring.

Abstract: This invention relates to functional composites that consist of an insulator and other functional elements associated with it. Specifically, this invention is relevant to functional composites that consist of an aerogel insulator and a functional heating element to increase thermal efficiency while supplying heat to the targeted object and keeping it warm.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for positioning of uncollected points based on machine learning using matching wireless communication infrastructure points. The apparatus includes memory in which at least one program according to an embodiment is recorded and a processor for executing the program. The program may compare collected data acquired from wireless communication infrastructure with positioning data measured by a positioning target terminal and thereby extract matching feature points; create a fingerprint database of global grid cells, including uncollected points, for the extracted feature points in real time; and estimate the optimal composite location of the positioning target terminal based on the created fingerprint database.

Abstract: Provided is a technology for operating a radio signal positioning database for object position tracking or search. Specifically, provided is a positioning database computing method and apparatus for generating and updating positioning data constituting a radio positioning database. The positioning database computing method includes comparing collected data received from a collection apparatus with positioning data in an existing positioning database to determine similarity therebetween, updating the existing positioning database using the collected data, upon determining that the data is similar as a result of comparison, and generating positioning data in the positioning database using the collected data, upon determining that the data is not similar as the result of comparison. Therefore, it is possible to gradually update the positioning DB even with partial collected data collected newly, so that it is possible to effectively manage the positioning DB reflecting the latest positioning environment.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for precise positioning based on deep learning. The method performed by the apparatus includes setting a collection location and a collection environment, collecting wireless signal data based on the collection location and the collection environment, generating a magnitude map image for training from the wireless signal data, and generating a positioning DB model by learning the image characteristics of the magnitude map image for training through deep-learning-based training.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for positioning of uncollected points based on machine learning using matching wireless communication infrastructure points. The apparatus includes memory in which at least one program according to an embodiment is recorded and a processor for executing the program. The program may compare collected data acquired from wireless communication infrastructure with positioning data measured by a positioning target terminal and thereby extract matching feature points; create a fingerprint database of global grid cells, including uncollected points, for the extracted feature points in real time; and estimate the optimal composite location of the positioning target terminal based on the created fingerprint database.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for estimating an indoor location based on packet capture. The method for operating an apparatus for estimating an indoor location based on packet capture includes receiving packet capture information from multiple packet-collection-dedicated access points, searching a positioning infrastructure database for positioning data corresponding to the received packet capture information, and estimating a movement direction of a terminal using found positioning data.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for precise positioning based on deep learning. The method performed by the apparatus includes setting a collection location and a collection environment, collecting wireless signal data based on the collection location and the collection environment, generating a magnitude map image for training from the wireless signal data, and generating a positioning DB model by learning the image characteristics of the magnitude map image for training through deep-learning-based training.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a navigation service method for providing unusable route information related to an emergency area and a server apparatus therefor. The navigation service method includes constructing an emergency area resource including unusable route information related to an emergency area; and receiving trip parameters from multiple applications and transmitting a link, through which the emergency area resource is accessible, to an application, the trip parameter of which includes a request to provide unusable route information related to an emergency area, wherein transmitting the link is configured to transmit a link, through which the same emergency area resource is accessible, to applications that request provision of unusable route information related to the same emergency area.

Abstract: An apparatus for creating a link-type grid fingerprint database includes a collected data processing unit for receiving positioning resource information collected from a link, which represents a path along which a pedestrian can move in an indoor space, and storing the positioning resource information in a collection DB, and a database creation unit for creating a link-type fingerprint database based on the positioning resource information and information about the link, stored in the collection DB, and storing the created link-type grid fingerprint database in a positioning DB.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for estimating an indoor location based on packet capture. The method for operating an apparatus for estimating an indoor location based on packet capture includes receiving packet capture information from multiple packet-collection-dedicated access points, searching a positioning infrastructure database for positioning data corresponding to the received packet capture information, and estimating a movement direction of a terminal using found positioning data.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a mobile-communication-based navigation service method for supporting emergency rescue and a service server using the method. The present invention relates to provision of an interactive navigation service between a rescuer and a person who needs to be rescued in a mobile-communication-based navigation service method for supporting emergency rescue.

Abstract: Provided are an insulation fabric, an insulation product, and a manufacturing method and a manufacturing device therefor. The insulation fabric includes unit cells made by cutting an insulation layer or laminated unit cells made by cutting the insulation layer and laminating the cut insulation layer with lamination sheets to prevent fine particles from passing therethrough, the unit cells or the laminated unit cells being spaced from each other; and outer cover clothes or sheets covered on tops and undersides of the unit cells or the laminated unit cells. Sections on which the outer cover clothes or sheets are laminated, without any insulation layer, are formed between the unit cells or the laminated unit cells. On the sections, the outer cover clothes or sheets come into close contact with each other to divide unit cell spaces for covering the unit cells or the laminated unit cells.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a user-participation data selection apparatus and method for updating a positioning infrastructure DB. The user user-participation data selection apparatus includes a data communication unit for transmitting and receiving user-participation data, a movement path reconstruction unit for reconstructing an entire information movement path corresponding to the user-participation data using all information included in the user-participation data, a reliability calculation unit for calculating reliability corresponding to the entire information movement path, and a data selection unit for selecting update-use data for updating a positioning infrastructure DB based on the reliability.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a navigation service method for providing unusable route information related to a emergency area and a server apparatus therefor. The navigation service method includes constructing a emergency area resource including unusable route information related to a emergency area; and receiving trip parameters from multiple applications and transmitting a link, through which the emergency area resource is accessible, to an application, the trip parameter of which includes a request to provide unusable route information related to a emergency area, wherein transmitting the link is configured to transmit a link, through which the same emergency area resource is accessible, to applications that request provision of unusable route information related to the same emergency area.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a mobile-communication-based navigation service method for supporting emergency rescue and a service server using the method. The present invention relates to provision of an interactive navigation service between a rescuer and a person who needs to be rescued in a mobile-communication-based navigation service method for supporting emergency rescue.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a location estimation apparatus and method using a combination of different positioning resources. The location estimation apparatus includes a motion model generation unit for generating a motion model corresponding to a state variable of a terminal based on a current time, a weight calculation unit for extracting a dynamic location database (DB) from a location DB based on multiple pieces of measurement information received from the terminal, and calculating a weight proportional to a likelihood of the multiple pieces of measurement information based on the dynamic location DB, and a location estimation unit for estimating a location and direction of the terminal by applying the weight to at least one sample value corresponding to the motion model.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a user-participation data selection apparatus and method for updating a positioning infrastructure DB. The user user-participation data selection apparatus includes a data communication unit for transmitting and receiving user-participation data, a movement path reconstruction unit for reconstructing an entire information movement path corresponding to the user-participation data using all information included in the user-participation data, a reliability calculation unit for calculating reliability corresponding to the entire information movement path, and a data selection unit for selecting update-use data for updating a positioning infrastructure DB based on the reliability.

Abstract: A user participation-based measurement information utilization system and a user participation-based measurement information utilization server and method.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an indoor positioning system and method. The indoor positioning method includes generating measurement information by measuring a geomagnetic field generated from a ferromagnetic substance present in indoor space, and a slope of a user terminal device, generating declination angle information and inclination angle information using the measurement information, generating true north navigation coordinate system-based geomagnetic field vector information using the declination angle information and the inclination angle information, receiving geomagnetic field heatmap information, generated using collection information that is collected at indoor reference locations, and performing indoor positioning based on the true north navigation coordinate system-based geomagnetic field vector information and the geomagnetic field heatmap information.