Abstract: Provided are an infrared absorber having extremely low reflectivity in the wavelength band of infrared rays, a method for manufacturing the same, a black-body radiation device, and a radiative cooling device. Provided is an infrared absorber 10 provided with: an absorption layer 11 comprising carbon black and a resin; and, on the absorption layer 11, a surface layer 12 that comprises a resin including essentially no pigment and that has an optical confinement structure 13 in which a plurality of minute projections are formed on the surface thereof, the hemispherical total reflectivity of the infrared absorber 10 in infrared wavelengths of 5-15 ?m being 0.2% or less. Further provided are a method for manufacturing the infrared absorber, a black-body radiation device, and a radiative cooling device.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element includes a support and a vibration unit disposed on the support. The vibration unit includes a piezoelectric film and an electrode film connected to the piezoelectric film to extract charges generated by deformation of the piezoelectric film. The vibration unit has a support region supported on the support, and a vibration region connected to the support region and floating from the support. The vibration unit outputs a pressure detection signal based on the charges. The vibration region includes a plurality of slits extending from a support region side toward a center of the vibration region and is in a state of being supported at both ends with respect to the support region.

Abstract: The method is an ink jet recording method, which uses an ink set being composed of a plurality of aqueous inks and including a combination of a first ink containing a coloring material and a second ink containing no coloring material and by which an image is recorded by applying the first ink and the second ink onto a recording medium so that an area to which the first ink is applied and an area to which the second ink is applied overlap at least in part with each other. The coloring material of the first ink contains fluorescent dye, the second ink contains a first water-soluble organic solvent, and an SP value SS of the first water-soluble organic solvent and an SP value SD of the fluorescent dye satisfy a relationship of the following formula (1): |SS?SD|?4.0??(1).

Abstract: A method for ink-jet recording comprising recording an image on a recording medium using an ink-jet recording apparatus including a recording head equipped with a heat generation unit which generates thermal energy for discharging aqueous ink by discharging the aqueous ink from the recording head based on image data by action of the thermal energy, wherein the aqueous ink is discharged once by applying a single pulse waveform voltage to the heat generation unit in the recording, and wherein the aqueous ink includes silver particles.

Abstract: The method is an ink jet recording method, which uses an ink set being composed of a plurality of aqueous inks and including a combination of a first ink containing a coloring material and a second ink containing no coloring material and by which an image is recorded by applying the first ink and the second ink onto a recording medium so that an area to which the first ink is applied and an area to which the second ink is applied overlap at least in part with each other. The coloring material of the first ink contains fluorescent dye, the second ink contains a first water-soluble organic solvent, and an SP value SS of the first water-soluble organic solvent and an SP value SD of the fluorescent dye satisfy a relationship of the following formula (1): |SS?SD|?4.0??(1).

Abstract: An ink jet recording method including the steps of a first recording step for applying a first ink to a recording medium and a second recording step for applying a second ink to the recording medium so as to overlap at least a region provided with the first ink, wherein the first ink is an aqueous ink containing silver particles, the second ink is an aqueous ink containing a dye, a time difference between applications of the first ink and the second ink to the recording medium is 1 sec or more to 7,200 sec or less, and the dye is a predetermined dye.

Abstract: An aqueous ink for inkjet printing contains silver particles having a particle size of 60 nm or less at a cumulative volume of 90%.

Abstract: An ink jet recording method including the steps of a first recording step for applying a first ink to a recording medium and a second recording step for applying a second ink to the recording medium so as to overlap at least a region provided with the first ink, wherein the first ink is an aqueous ink containing silver particles, the second ink is an aqueous ink containing a dye, a time difference between applications of the first ink and the second ink to the recording medium is 1 sec or more to 7,200 sec or less, and the dye is a predetermined dye.

Abstract: A semiconductor device production method includes performing trench etching to form a trench in a thickness direction of a semiconductor layer so that both of a first pattern portion and a second pattern portion whose side walls face each other across the trench are formed. In the trench etching, the semiconductor layer is etched and removed while a protective film is formed on a surface of the semiconductor layer, and the trench etching is performed so that the first pattern portion and the second pattern portion are configured to have a same potential or a same temperature during the trench etching.

Abstract: An aqueous ink for inkjet printing contains silver particles having a particle size of 60 nm or less at a cumulative volume of 90%.

Abstract: A method for ink-jet recording comprising recording an image on a recording medium using an ink-jet recording apparatus including a recording head equipped with a heat generation unit which generates thermal energy for discharging aqueous ink by discharging the aqueous ink from the recording head based on image data by action of the thermal energy, wherein the aqueous ink is discharged once by applying a single pulse waveform voltage to the heat generation unit in the recording, and wherein the aqueous ink includes silver particles.

Abstract: A semiconductor device production method includes performing trench etching to form a trench in a thickness direction of a semiconductor layer so that both of a first pattern portion and a second pattern portion whose side walls face each other across the trench are formed. In the trench etching, the semiconductor layer is etched and removed while a protective film is formed on a surface of the semiconductor layer, and the trench etching is performed so that the first pattern portion and the second pattern portion are configured to have a same potential or a same temperature during the trench etching.

Abstract: An ink for ink jet including a coloring material; and a water-soluble organic solvent. The coloring material contains a compound represented by the following general formula (I). The water-soluble organic solvent contains a compound represented by the following general formula (II) and a linear both-terminal alkanediol having 4 to 6 carbon atoms. The content A (mass %) of the compound represented by the following general formula (II) based on the total mass of the ink is 4.0-12.0 mass %, and the mass ratio (A/B) of the content A (mass %) to the content B (mass %) of the alkanediol based on the total mass of the ink is 2.5-4.

Abstract: The invention provides an ink for use in an ink jet recording process in which an ink is ejected from a recording head by the action of thermal energy, the ink comprising a pigment, a water-soluble polyurethane polymer, a compound represented by a general formula (1) having a weight-average molecular weight of 1,000 or more and 8,500 or less, and a polyethylene oxide alkyl ether, the alkyl group of which has 12 or more carbon atoms, wherein, based on the total mass of the ink, the content (mass %) of the compound represented by the general formula (1) is 0.4 times or more and 10.0 times or less in terms of mass ratio with respect to the content (mass %) of the polyethylene oxide alkyl ether.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a compound having an amino group and/or a hydroxyl group from a substrate compound having an atomic group containing CO or CS by eliminating such atomic group. The substrate compound, having an atomic group containing CO or CS (for example, an amide, a carbamate, or the like), is allowed to react with a compound expressed by formula (I) below, at a temperature of 120° C. or lower, preferably in the presence of an ammonium salt, to eliminate such atomic group containing CO or CS. In formula (I) A may not be present, and in a case where A is present, A represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. H2N-A-NH2??(I).

Abstract: An ink for ink jet including a coloring material; and a water-soluble organic solvent. The coloring material contains a compound represented by the following general formula (I). The water-soluble organic solvent contains a compound represented by the following general formula (II) and a linear both-terminal alkanediol having 4 to 6 carbon atoms. The content A (mass %) of the compound represented by the following general formula (II) based on the total mass of the ink is 4.0-12.0 mass %, and the mass ratio (A/B) of the content A (mass %) to the content B (mass %) of the alkanediol based on the total mass of the ink is 2.5-4.

Abstract: An ink set for ink jet includes a combination of a first ink and a second ink. The first ink contains a self-dispersible type carbon black and a specified particle A. The content of the particle A in the first ink is 0.05% by mass or more and 0.50% by mass or less, and the mass ratio of the content of the particle A to that of the self-dispersible pigment in the first ink is 0.056 times or more and 0.250 times or less. The second ink contains a specified particle B. The acid value a of the particle A and the acid value b of the particle B satisfy the relation of a?b.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a compound having an amino group and/or a hydroxyl group from a substrate compound having an atomic group containing CO or CS by eliminating such atomic group. The substrate compound, having an atomic group containing CO or CS (for example, an amide, a carbamate, or the like), is allowed to react with a compound expressed by formula (I) below, at a temperature of 120° C. or lower, preferably in the presence of an ammonium salt, to eliminate such atomic group containing CO or CS. In formula (I) A may not be present, and in a case where A is present, A represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. H2N-A—NH2 (I) - - -.

Abstract: An ink set for ink jet includes a combination of a first ink and a second ink. The first ink contains a self-dispersible type carbon black and a specified particle A. The content of the particle A in the first ink is 0.05% by mass or more and 0.50% by mass or less, and the mass ratio of the content of the particle A to that of the self-dispersible pigment in the first ink is 0.056 times or more and 0.250 times or less. The second ink contains a specified particle B. The acid value a of the particle A and the acid value b of the particle B satisfy the relation of a?b.

Abstract: An ink includes a plurality of pigments, a plurality of water-soluble polymers, a surfactant, and a water-soluble organic solvent. The surfactant includes a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether having an HLB value of 13.0 or more as a value determined by a Griffin method, the plurality of pigments include C.I. Pigment Yellow 74 and C.I. Pigment Yellow 128, the plurality of water-soluble polymers include an acrylic polymer and a urethane polymer, and the water-soluble organic solvent includes a compound represented by the following Formula (1): HO—(CH2CH2O)n—H, wherein n is an integer of 1 to 4.